Release 3.9.69

Updates from yoyo.org, URLHaus, KADhosts, and hostsVN.
Release 3.9.68
2026-09-25 22:05:28 +01:00 · 2022-05-05 17:57:39 -04:00 · 2022-05-05 17:57:23 -04:00 · 2022-05-03 19:10:59 -04:00 · 2022-05-03 19:10:31 -04:00 · 2022-05-03 19:01:53 -04:00
102 changed files with 2171395 additions and 947739 deletions
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# These are supported funding model platforms
+
+github: [StevenBlack, funilrys, XhmikosR]
@@ -16,6 +16,6 @@ newPRWelcomeComment: >

 # Comment to be posted to on pull requests merged by a first time user
 firstPRMergeComment: >
-  Congratulations on merging your first pull request! 🎉🎉🎉
+  Congratulations on merging your first pull request here! 🎉🎉🎉 You are now in our [list of contributors](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/graphs/contributors).  Welcome!

 # It is recommend to include as many gifs and emojis as possible!
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+version: 2
+updates:
+  - package-ecosystem: "pip"
+    directory: "/"
+    schedule:
+      interval: weekly
+    labels:
+      - dependencies
+      - python
+    versioning-strategy: lockfile-only
+  - package-ecosystem: "github-actions"
+    directory: "/"
+    schedule:
+      interval: monthly
+    labels:
+      - dependencies
+      - github_actions
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+name: CI
+
+on:
+  push:
+  pull_request:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+jobs:
+  test:
+    name: Python ${{ matrix.python }} on ${{ matrix.os }}
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
+
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        python:
+          - '3.6'
+          - '3.7'
+          - '3.8'
+          - '3.9'
+          - '3.10'
+        os:
+          - ubuntu-latest
+          - macos-latest
+          - windows-latest
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Clone repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+
+      - name: Set up Python
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v3
+        with:
+          python-version: ${{ matrix.python }}
+          cache: pip
+
+      - name: Print versions
+        run: |
+          python --version
+          pip --version
+
+      - name: Install Python dependencies
+        run: pip install -r requirements.txt
+
+      - name: Run lint
+        run: flake8
+
+      - name: Run makeHosts.py
+        run: python makeHosts.py
+
+      - name: Run tests
+        run: python testUpdateHostsFile.py
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+name: "CodeQL"
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - master
+      - "!dependabot/**"
+  pull_request:
+    # The branches below must be a subset of the branches above
+    branches:
+      - master
+      - "!dependabot/**"
+  schedule:
+    - cron: "40 15 * * 4"
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+jobs:
+  analyze:
+    name: Analyze
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      actions: read
+      contents: read
+      security-events: write
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+
+      - name: Initialize CodeQL
+        uses: github/codeql-action/init@v2
+        with:
+          languages: "python"
+
+      - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
+        uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@v2
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@
 myhosts
 blacklist
 whitelist
-readmeData.json
 hosts-*
 /web.config
 /__pycache__
-/node_modules
+/node_modules/
+/package-lock.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+package-lock=false
@@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
-notifications:
-  email: false
-
-language: generic
-
-cache:
-  directories:
-    - $HOME/miniconda3
-
-before_cache:
-  - rm -rf $HOME/miniconda3/pkgs/cache
-  - rm -rf $HOME/miniconda3/envs/hosts
-  - rm -rf $HOME/miniconda3/conda-meta/history
-  - touch $HOME/miniconda3/conda-meta/history
-
-os:
-  - linux
-  - osx
-
-env:
-  - PYTHON_VERSION="3.5"
-  - PYTHON_VERSION="3.6"
-  - PYTHON_VERSION="3.7"
-
-before_install:
-  - export PATH="$HOME/miniconda3/bin:$PATH"
-
-install:
-  - ci/install_conda.sh
-  - ci/setup_conda_env.sh
-
-script:
-  - ci/test.sh
-  - ci/lint.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+FROM python:3
+
+WORKDIR /usr/src
+COPY requirements.txt ./
+RUN pip install --no-cache-dir -r requirements.txt
+RUN git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts.git
+WORKDIR /usr/src/hosts
+
+# Now you launch this with
+#  $ docker build ./
+#  $ docker run -it (containerid) bash
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
----
 **Take Note!**
- This version of the Hosts file generator, and tests, are for Python 3.5+ only.
- With the exception of issues and PRs regarding changes to `hosts/data/StevenBlack/hosts`, all other issues regarding the content of the produced hosts files should be made with the appropriate data source that contributed the content in question. The contact information for all of the data sources can be found in the `hosts/data/` directory.
+
+* With the exception of issues and PRs regarding changes to `hosts/data/StevenBlack/hosts`, all other issues regarding the content of the produced hosts files should be made with the appropriate data source that contributed the content in question. The contact information for all of the data sources can be found in the `hosts/data/` directory.
+
 ----

 ![Logo](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/.github/logo.png)
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 [![license](https://img.shields.io/github/license/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/license.txt)
 [![repo size](https://img.shields.io/github/repo-size/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts)
 [![contributors](https://img.shields.io/github/contributors/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/graphs/contributors)
-[![Build Status](https://img.shields.io/travis/StevenBlack/hosts/master.svg)](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts)
+[![Build Status](https://img.shields.io/github/workflow/status/StevenBlack/hosts/CI/master)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/actions?query=workflow%3ACI+branch%3Amaster)
 [![Code style: black](https://img.shields.io/badge/code%20style-black-000000.svg)](https://github.com/python/black)
 [![commits since last release](https://img.shields.io/github/commits-since/StevenBlack/hosts/latest.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
 [![last commit](https://img.shields.io/github/last-commit/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
@@ -21,37 +21,36 @@
 This repository consolidates several reputable `hosts` files, and merges them
 into a unified hosts file with duplicates removed.  A variety of tailored hosts files are provided.

-* Last updated: **April 07 2020**.
-* Here's the [raw hosts file with fakenews, gambling, porn, social extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) containing 77,274 entries.
+* Last updated: **May 05 2022**.
+* Here's the [raw hosts file with fakenews, gambling, porn, social extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) containing 163,997 entries.
 * Logo by [@Tobaloidee](https://github.com/Tobaloidee).

-
 ## List of all hosts file variants

 This repository offers [15 different host file variants](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates), in addition to the base variant.

 The **Non GitHub mirror** is the link to use for some hosts file managers like
-[Hostsman for Windows](http://www.abelhadigital.com/hostsman/) that don't work
+[Hostsman for Windows](https://www.abelhadigital.com/hostsman/) that don't work
 with GitHub download links.

 Host file recipe | Readme | Raw hosts | Unique domains | Non GitHub mirror
 ---------------- |:------:|:---------:|:--------------:|:-------------:
-Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 54,456 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 55,398 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 56,777 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 71,261 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 57,207 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 57,719 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 72,203 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 58,149 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 73,582 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 59,528 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 74,011 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 74,524 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 60,470 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 74,953 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 76,332 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 77,274 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 113,498 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 115,693 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 116,036 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 156,450 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 116,313 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 118,231 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 158,644 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 118,508 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 158,988 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 118,851 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 159,264 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 161,183 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 121,046 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 161,458 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 161,802 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 163,997 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)


 **Expectation**: These unified hosts files should serve all devices, regardless
@@ -65,32 +64,35 @@ included:
 Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License | Issues
 -----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:----------------:|:-------:|:------:
 Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues)
-Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone' | [issues](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/contact.php)
-add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-hostsVN | Hosts block ads of Vietnamese |[link](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/master/option/hosts-VN) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/issues)
-add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org/) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution | [issues](hosts@someonewhocares.org)
-MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com)
-yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org)
+AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | frequently | CC BY 3.0 | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/issues)
+add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+AdguardTeam cname trackers | CNAME-cloaked tracking abuses. |[link](https://github.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers/master/combined_disguised_trackers_justdomains.txt) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers/issues)
 Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/issues)
-URLHaus | A project from [abuse.ch](https://abuse.ch/) with the goal of sharing malicious URLs. |[link](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/) | [raw](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/downloads/hostfile/) | weekly | CC0 | [issues](mailto:cosntacptamem@abuse.ch)
-UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://kadantiscam.netlify.com/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/master/KADhosts_without_controversies.txt) | frequently | CC BY-SA 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/issues)
-AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0 | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/AdAway/issues)
-add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+hostsVN | Hosts block ads of Vietnamese |[link](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/master/option/hosts-VN) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/issues)
+KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://kadantiscam.netlify.app/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | CC BY-SA 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/issues)
+MetaMask eth-phishing-detect | Phishing domains targeting Ethereum users. |[link](https://github.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect/master/src/hosts.txt) | frequent | DON'T BE A DICK PUBLIC LICENSE | [issues](https://github.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect/issues)
+minecraft-hosts | Minecraft related tracker hosts |[link](https://github.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts/master/lists/tracking.txt) | occasionally | CC0-1.0 | [issues](https://github.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts/issues)
+MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](https://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](https://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com)
+shady-hosts | Analytics, ad, and activity monitoring hosts |[link](https://github.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts/main/hosts) | occasionally | CC0-1.0 | [issues](https://github.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts/issues)
+Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org/) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution | [issues](mailto:hosts@someonewhocares.org)
 Tiuxo hostlist - ads | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/ads) | occasional | CC BY 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues)
+UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+URLHaus | A project from [abuse.ch](https://abuse.ch/) with the goal of sharing malicious URLs. |[link](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/) | [raw](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/downloads/hostfile/) | weekly | CC0 | [issues](mailto:contactme@abuse.ch)
+yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org)
 Fake News | An in-progress collection of fake news outlets. |[link](https://github.com/marktron/fakenews) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/marktron/fakenews/master/fakenews) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/marktron/fakenews/issues)
 Sinfonietta's gambling blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/gambling-hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues)
-Sinfonietta's snuff-site blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/snuff-hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues)
-pornhosts -- a consolidated anti porn hosts file | This is an endeavour to find all porn domains and compile them into a single hosts to allow for easy blocking of porn on your local machine or on a network. |[link](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/master/0.0.0.0/hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/issues)
+brijrajparmar27 - pornography | hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/brijrajparmar27/host-sources) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/brijrajparmar27/host-sources/master/Porn/hosts) | occasional | CC BY 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/brijrajparmar27/host-sources/issues)
+pornhosts -- a consolidated anti porn hosts file | This is an endeavour to find all porn domains and compile them into a single hosts to allow for easy blocking of porn on your local machine or on a network. |[link](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/extensions/porn/clefspeare13/hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/issues)
 Sinfonietta's porn blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/pornography-hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues)
+Sinfonietta's snuff-site blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/snuff-hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues)
 Tiuxo hostlist - pornography | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/porn) | occasional | CC BY 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues)
 Sinfonietta's social media blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/social-hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues)
 Tiuxo hostlist - social | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/social) | occasional | CC BY 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues)


-
 ## Extensions

 The unified hosts file is optionally extensible.  Extensions are used to include domains by category.  Currently, we offer the following categories: `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn`.
@@ -102,7 +104,28 @@ folder tree, where you will find the data for `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`,

 ## Generate your own unified hosts file

-To generate your own unified hosts file you will need Python 3.5 or later.
+You have two options to generate your own hosts file.  You can do it in your own environment, or within a Docker container.  We'll cover Docker first because it's a short section.
+
+### Option 1: Generate in a Docker container
+
+We provide a [Dockerfile](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/Dockerfile) that you can use to create a Docker container with everything you need.
+The container will contain Python 3 and all its dependency requirements, and a copy of the latest version of this repository.
+
+Build the Docker container like this:
+
+```sh
+docker build ./
+```
+
+Access the terminal like this:
+
+```sh
+docker run -it (containerid) bash
+```
+
+### Option 2: Generate it in your own environment
+
+To generate your own amalgamated hosts files you will need Python 3.6 or later.

 First, install the dependencies with:

@@ -112,7 +135,9 @@ pip3 install --user -r requirements.txt

 **Note** we recommend the `--user` flag which installs the required dependencies at the user level. More information about it can be found on pip [documentation](https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip_install/?highlight=--user#cmdoption-user).

-To run unit tests, in the top-level directory, run:
+### Common steps regardless of your development environment
+
+To **run unit tests**, in the top-level directory, run:

 ```sh
 python3 testUpdateHostsFile.py
@@ -123,15 +148,11 @@ local `data/` subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch upd
 (from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each source's folder). Otherwise, it
 will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

-### Usage
-
-#### Using Python 3:
-
 ```sh
 python3 updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]
 ```

-#### Command line options:
+#### Command line options

 `--help`, or `-h`: display help.

@@ -171,6 +192,11 @@ in a subfolder.  If the subfolder does not exist, it will be created.
 section at the top, containing lines like `127.0.0.1 localhost`.  This is
 useful for configuring proximate DNS services on the local network.

+`--nogendata`, or `-g`: `false` (default) or `true`, skip the generation of the
+readmeData.json file used for generating readme.md files.  This is useful if you are
+generating host files with additional whitelists or blacklists and want to keep your
+local checkout of this repo unmodified.
+
 `--compress`, or `-c`: `false` (default) or `true`, *Compress* the hosts file
 ignoring non-necessary lines (empty lines and comments) and putting multiple
 domains in each line. Reducing the number of lines of the hosts file improves
@@ -181,6 +207,12 @@ each domain on a separate line. This is necessary because many implementations
 of URL blockers that rely on `hosts` files do not conform to the standard which
 allows multiple hosts on a single line.

+`--blacklist <blacklistfile>`, or `-x <blacklistfile>`: Append the given blacklist file
+in hosts format to the generated hosts file.
+
+`--whitelist <whitelistfile>`, or `-w <whitelistfile>`: Use the given whitelist file
+to remove hosts from the generated hosts file.
+
 ## How do I control which sources are unified?

 Add one or more *additional* sources, each in a subfolder of the `data/`
@@ -227,8 +259,7 @@ If you discover sketchy domains you feel should be included here, here are some

 The best way to get new domains included is to submit an issue to any of the data providers whose home pages are [listed here](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts#sources-of-hosts-data-unified-in-this-variant). This is best because once you submit new domains, they will be curated and updated by the dedicated folks who maintain these sources.

-
-### Option 2: add your domains to Steven Black's personal data file
+### Option 2: Fork this repository, add your domains to Steven Black's personal data file, and submit a pull request

 Fork this hosts this repo and add your links to [https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts).

@@ -240,7 +271,6 @@ Then, submit a pull request.

 If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existence of your repo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.

-
 ## What is a hosts file?

 A hosts file, named `hosts` (with no file extension), is a plain-text file
@@ -279,22 +309,69 @@ interfere with a web server that may be running on the local PC.

 We tried that.  Using `0` doesn't work universally.

-
 ## Location of your hosts file

 To modify your current `hosts` file, look for it in the following places and modify it with a text
 editor.

-**macOS (until 10.14.x macOS Mojave), iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.
-
-**macOS Catalina:** `/private/etc/hosts` file.
-
-**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.
+* **macOS (until 10.14.x macOS Mojave), iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.
+* **macOS Catalina:** `/private/etc/hosts` file.
+* **Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.

 ## Gentoo

 Gentoo users may find [`sb-hosts`](https://github.com/PF4Public/gentoo-overlay/tree/master/net-misc/sb-hosts) in [::pf4public](https://github.com/PF4Public/gentoo-overlay) Gentoo overlay

+## NixOS
+
+To install hosts file on your machine add the following into your `configuration.nix`:
+
+```nix
+{
+  networking.extraHosts = let
+    hostsPath = https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts;
+    hostsFile = builtins.fetchurl hostsPath;
+  in builtins.readFile "${hostsFile}";
+}
+```
+
+* NOTE: Change `hostsPath` if you need other versions of hosts file.
+* NOTE: The call to `fetchurl` is impure.
+Use `fetchFromGitHub` with the exact commit if you want to always get the same result.
+
+### Nix Flake
+
+NixOS installations which are managed through *flakes* can use the hosts file like this:
+
+```nix
+{
+  inputs.hosts.url = github:StevenBlack/hosts;
+  outputs = { self, nixpkgs, hosts }: {
+    nixosConfigurations.my-hostname = {
+      system = "<architecture>";
+      modules = [
+        hosts.nixosModule {
+          networking.stevenBlackHosts.enable = true;
+        }
+      ];
+    };
+  };
+}
+```
+
+The hosts extensions are also available with the following options:
+
+```nix
+{
+  networking.stevenBlackHosts = {
+    blockFakenews = true;
+    blockGambling = true;
+    blockPorn = true;
+    blockSocial = true;
+  };
+}
+```
+
 ## Updating hosts file on Windows

 (NOTE: See also some third-party Hosts managers, listed below.)
@@ -313,26 +390,27 @@ saying that for this to work, you must be connected to the internet.

 To open a command prompt as administrator in the repository's directory, do the following:

-**Windows XP**: Start → Run → `cmd`
-
-**Windows Vista, 7**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
-
-**Windows 8**: Start → Swipe Up → All Apps → Windows System → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
-
-**Windows 10**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows XP**: Start → Run → `cmd`
+* **Windows Vista, 7**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows 8**: Start → Swipe Up → All Apps → Windows System → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows 10**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"

 You can also refer to the "Third-Party Hosts Managers" section for further recommended solutions from third parties.

+### Warning: Using this `hosts` file in Windows may require disabling DNS Cache service
+
+Windows has issues with larger hosts files. Recent changes in security within Windows 10 denies
+access to changing services via other tools except registry hacks. Use the `disable-dnscache-service-win.cmd`
+file to make proper changes to the Windows registry. You will need to reboot your device once that's done.
+See the [the comments within the `cmd` file](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/disable-dnscache-service-win.cmd)
+for more details.
+
 ## Reloading hosts file

 Your operating system will cache DNS lookups. You can either reboot or run the following commands to
 manually flush your DNS cache once the new hosts file is in place.

-| The Google Chrome browser may require manually cleaning up its DNS Cache on `chrome://net-internals/#dns` page to thereafter see the changes in your hosts file. See: <https://superuser.com/questions/723703>
-:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+The Google Chrome browser may require manually cleaning up its DNS Cache on `chrome://net-internals/#dns` page to thereafter see the changes in your hosts file. See: <https://superuser.com/questions/723703>

 ### Windows

@@ -342,47 +420,34 @@ Open a command prompt with administrator privileges and run this command:
 ipconfig /flushdns
 ```

-Before flushing the DNS cache, open a command prompt with administrator privileges and run this command:
-
-```bat
-sc config "Dnscache" start=disabled
-sc stop "Dnscache"
-```
-
 ### Linux

 Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

-**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+* **Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+* **Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`
+* **Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`
+* **Fedora Linux**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+* **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Network Manager**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+* **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`
+* **RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
+* **FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`

-**Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`
+  To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:

-**Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`
+  ```sh
+  sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
+  sudo service nscd start
+  ```

-**Fedora Linux**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+  Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:

-**Arch Linux/Manjaro with Network Manager**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+  ```text
+  hosts: cache files dns
+  ```

-**Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`
-
-**RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
-
-**FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`
-
-To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:
-
-```sh
-sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
-sudo service nscd start
-```
-
-Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:
-
-```text
-hosts: cache files dns
-```
-
-**Others**: Consult [this Wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).
+* **NixOS**: The `nscd.service` is automatically restarted when the option `networking.extraHosts` was changed.
+* **Others**: Consult [this Wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).

 ### macOS

@@ -404,11 +469,8 @@ This is why the [package.json](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/
 The goals of this repo are to:

 1. automatically combine high-quality lists of hosts,
-
 2. provide situation-appropriate extensions,
-
 3. de-dupe the resultant combined list,
-
 4. and keep the resultant file reasonably sized.

 A high-quality source is defined here as one that is actively curated.  A
@@ -422,26 +484,24 @@ devices under a variety of operating systems.
 ## Third-Party Hosts Managers

 * [Unified Hosts AutoUpdate](https://github.com/ScriptTiger/Unified-Hosts-AutoUpdate "Unified Hosts AutoUpdate") (for Windows): The Unified Hosts AutoUpdate package is purpose-built for this unified hosts project as well as in active development by community members. You can install and uninstall any blacklist and keep it automatically up to date, and can be placed in a shared network location and deployed across an organization via group policies. And since it is in active development by community members, your bug reports, feature requests, and other feedback are most welcome.
-
 * [ViHoMa](https://github.com/cmabad/ViHoMa) is a Visual Hosts file Manager, written in Java, by Christian Martínez.  Check it out!

 ## Interesting Applications

+* [Hosts-BL](https://github.com/ScriptTiger/Hosts-BL "Hosts-BL") is a simple tool to handle hosts file black lists. It can remove comments, remove duplicates, compress to 9 domains per line, add IPv6 entries. In addition, it can also convert black lists to multiple other black list formats compatible with other software, such as dnsmasq, DualServer, RPZ, Privoxy, and Unbound, to name a few.
+* [Host Minder](https://github.com/jeremehancock/hostminder#readme) is a simple GUI that allows you to easily update your /etc/hosts file to one of four consolidated hosts files from StevenBlack/hosts. It is provided as a deb package and comes pre-installed on [UbuntuCE](https://ubuntuce.com/).
+* [Maza ad blocking](https://github.com/tanrax/maza-ad-blocking) is a bash script that automatically updates host file. You can also update a fresh copy. And each time it generates a dnsmasq-compatible configuration file. Fast installation, compatible with MacOS, Linux and BSD.
 * [Hostile](https://github.com/feross/hostile) is a nifty command line utility to easily add or remove domains from your hosts file.  If our hosts files are too aggressive for you, you can use `hostile` to remove domains, or you can use `hostile` in a bash script to automate a post process each time you download fresh versions of hosts.
-
-* [macOS Scripting for Configuration, Backup and Restore](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config) helps customizing, re-installing and using macOS. It also provides a [script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/hosts_file_generator.sh) to install and update the hosts file using this project on macOS. In combination with a [launchd](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/com.hostsfile.install_update.plist) it updates the hosts file every x days (default is 4). To install both download the GitHub repo and run the [install script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/install_hosts_file_generator_and_launchdservice.sh) from the directory one level up.
-
-* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources. This is a very interesting project to set up yourself, or you can [buy one pre-loaded](https://uk.pi-supply.com/products/pi-hole-poe-edition-the-network-wide-ad-blocker).
-
+* [macOS Scripting for Configuration, Backup and Restore](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config) helps customizing, re-installing and using macOS. It also provides a [script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/hosts_file_generator.sh) to install and update the hosts file using this project on macOS. In combination with a [launchd](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/com.hostsfile.install_update.plist) it updates the hosts file every x days (default is 4). To install both, download the GitHub repo and run the [install script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/install_hosts_file_generator_and_launchdservice.sh) from the directory one level up.
+* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources.
 * [Block ads and malware via local BIND9 DNS server](https://github.com/mueller-ma/block-ads-via-dns "Block ads and malware via local DNS server") (for Debian, Raspbian & Ubuntu): Set up a local DNS server with a `/etc/bind/named.conf.blocked` file, sourced from here.
-
 * [Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server](https://scripttiger.github.io/dualserver/ "Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server") (for BSD, Windows & Linux): Set up a blacklist for everyone on your network using the power of the unified hosts reformatted for DualServer. And if you're on Windows, this project also maintains an update script to make updating DualServer's blacklist even easier.
-
 * [Blocking ads and malwares with unbound](https://deadc0de.re/articles/unbound-blocking-ads.html "Blocking ads and malwares with unbound") – [Unbound](https://www.unbound.net/ "Unbound is a validating, recursive, and caching DNS resolver.") is a validating, recursive, and caching DNS resolver.
+* [dnsmasq conversion script](https://gist.github.com/erlepereira/c11f4f7a3f60cd2071e79018e895fc8a#file-dnsmasq-antimalware) This GitHub gist has a short shell script (bash, will work on any 'nix) and uses `wget` & `awk` present in most distros, to fetch a specified hosts file and convert it to the format required by dnsmasq. Supports IPv4 and IPv6. Designed to be used as either a shell script, or can be dropped into `/etc/cron.weekly` (or wherever suits). The script is short and easily edited, also has a short document attached with notes on dnsmasq setup.
+* [BlackHosts - Command Line Installer/Updater](https://github.com/Lateralus138/blackhosts) This is a cross-platform command line utility to help install/update hosts files found at this repository.
+* [dnscrypt-proxy](https://github.com/DNSCrypt/dnscrypt-proxy/wiki/Combining-Blocklists) provides a tool to build block lists from local and remote lists in common formats.

-* [dnsmasq conversion script](https://gist.github.com/erlepereira/c11f4f7a3f60cd2071e79018e895fc8a#file-dnsmasq-antimalware) This GitHub gist has a short shell script (bash, will work on any 'nix) and uses `wget` & `awk` present in most distros, to fetch a specified hosts file and convert it the format required by dnsmasq. Supports IPv4 and IPv6. Designed to be used as either a shell script, or can be dropped into /etc/cron.weekly (or wherever suits). The script is short and easily edited, also has a short document attached with notes on dnsmasq setup.
-
-## Contribute!
+## Contribute

 Please read our [Contributing Guide](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/contributing.md). Among other things, this explains how we organize files and folders in this repository.

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
----
 **Take Note!**
- This version of the Hosts file generator, and tests, are for Python 3.5+ only.
- With the exception of issues and PRs regarding changes to `hosts/data/StevenBlack/hosts`, all other issues regarding the content of the produced hosts files should be made with the appropriate data source that contributed the content in question. The contact information for all of the data sources can be found in the `hosts/data/` directory.
+
+* With the exception of issues and PRs regarding changes to `hosts/data/StevenBlack/hosts`, all other issues regarding the content of the produced hosts files should be made with the appropriate data source that contributed the content in question. The contact information for all of the data sources can be found in the `hosts/data/` directory.
+
 ----

 ![Logo](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/.github/logo.png)
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 [![license](https://img.shields.io/github/license/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/license.txt)
 [![repo size](https://img.shields.io/github/repo-size/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts)
 [![contributors](https://img.shields.io/github/contributors/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/graphs/contributors)
-[![Build Status](https://img.shields.io/travis/StevenBlack/hosts/master.svg)](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts)
+[![Build Status](https://img.shields.io/github/workflow/status/StevenBlack/hosts/CI/master)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/actions?query=workflow%3ACI+branch%3Amaster)
 [![Code style: black](https://img.shields.io/badge/code%20style-black-000000.svg)](https://github.com/python/black)
 [![commits since last release](https://img.shields.io/github/commits-since/StevenBlack/hosts/latest.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
 [![last commit](https://img.shields.io/github/last-commit/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
@@ -21,37 +21,36 @@
 This repository consolidates several reputable `hosts` files, and merges them
 into a unified hosts file with duplicates removed.  A variety of tailored hosts files are provided.

-* Last updated: **April 07 2020**.
-* Here's the [raw hosts file with fakenews, gambling, porn extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) containing 74,524 entries.
+* Last updated: **May 05 2022**.
+* Here's the [raw hosts file with fakenews, gambling, porn extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) containing 161,183 entries.
 * Logo by [@Tobaloidee](https://github.com/Tobaloidee).

-
 ## List of all hosts file variants

 This repository offers [15 different host file variants](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates), in addition to the base variant.

 The **Non GitHub mirror** is the link to use for some hosts file managers like
-[Hostsman for Windows](http://www.abelhadigital.com/hostsman/) that don't work
+[Hostsman for Windows](https://www.abelhadigital.com/hostsman/) that don't work
 with GitHub download links.

 Host file recipe | Readme | Raw hosts | Unique domains | Non GitHub mirror
 ---------------- |:------:|:---------:|:--------------:|:-------------:
-Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 54,456 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 55,398 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 56,777 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 71,261 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 57,207 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 57,719 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 72,203 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 58,149 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 73,582 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 59,528 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 74,011 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 74,524 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 60,470 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 74,953 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 76,332 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 77,274 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 113,498 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 115,693 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 116,036 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 156,450 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 116,313 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 118,231 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 158,644 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 118,508 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 158,988 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 118,851 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 159,264 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 161,183 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 121,046 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 161,458 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 161,802 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 163,997 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)


 **Expectation**: These unified hosts files should serve all devices, regardless
@@ -65,30 +64,33 @@ included:
 Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License | Issues
 -----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:----------------:|:-------:|:------:
 Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues)
-Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone' | [issues](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/contact.php)
-add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-hostsVN | Hosts block ads of Vietnamese |[link](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/master/option/hosts-VN) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/issues)
-add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org/) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution | [issues](hosts@someonewhocares.org)
-MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com)
-yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org)
+AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | frequently | CC BY 3.0 | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/issues)
+add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+AdguardTeam cname trackers | CNAME-cloaked tracking abuses. |[link](https://github.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers/master/combined_disguised_trackers_justdomains.txt) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers/issues)
 Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/issues)
-URLHaus | A project from [abuse.ch](https://abuse.ch/) with the goal of sharing malicious URLs. |[link](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/) | [raw](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/downloads/hostfile/) | weekly | CC0 | [issues](mailto:cosntacptamem@abuse.ch)
-UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://kadantiscam.netlify.com/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/master/KADhosts_without_controversies.txt) | frequently | CC BY-SA 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/issues)
-AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0 | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/AdAway/issues)
-add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+hostsVN | Hosts block ads of Vietnamese |[link](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/master/option/hosts-VN) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/issues)
+KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://kadantiscam.netlify.app/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | CC BY-SA 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/issues)
+MetaMask eth-phishing-detect | Phishing domains targeting Ethereum users. |[link](https://github.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect/master/src/hosts.txt) | frequent | DON'T BE A DICK PUBLIC LICENSE | [issues](https://github.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect/issues)
+minecraft-hosts | Minecraft related tracker hosts |[link](https://github.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts/master/lists/tracking.txt) | occasionally | CC0-1.0 | [issues](https://github.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts/issues)
+MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](https://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](https://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com)
+shady-hosts | Analytics, ad, and activity monitoring hosts |[link](https://github.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts/main/hosts) | occasionally | CC0-1.0 | [issues](https://github.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts/issues)
+Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org/) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution | [issues](mailto:hosts@someonewhocares.org)
 Tiuxo hostlist - ads | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/ads) | occasional | CC BY 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues)
+UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+URLHaus | A project from [abuse.ch](https://abuse.ch/) with the goal of sharing malicious URLs. |[link](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/) | [raw](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/downloads/hostfile/) | weekly | CC0 | [issues](mailto:contactme@abuse.ch)
+yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org)
 Fake News | An in-progress collection of fake news outlets. |[link](https://github.com/marktron/fakenews) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/marktron/fakenews/master/fakenews) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/marktron/fakenews/issues)
 Sinfonietta's gambling blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/gambling-hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues)
-Sinfonietta's snuff-site blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/snuff-hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues)
-pornhosts -- a consolidated anti porn hosts file | This is an endeavour to find all porn domains and compile them into a single hosts to allow for easy blocking of porn on your local machine or on a network. |[link](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/master/0.0.0.0/hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/issues)
+brijrajparmar27 - pornography | hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/brijrajparmar27/host-sources) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/brijrajparmar27/host-sources/master/Porn/hosts) | occasional | CC BY 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/brijrajparmar27/host-sources/issues)
+pornhosts -- a consolidated anti porn hosts file | This is an endeavour to find all porn domains and compile them into a single hosts to allow for easy blocking of porn on your local machine or on a network. |[link](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/extensions/porn/clefspeare13/hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/issues)
 Sinfonietta's porn blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/pornography-hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues)
+Sinfonietta's snuff-site blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/snuff-hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues)
 Tiuxo hostlist - pornography | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/porn) | occasional | CC BY 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues)


-
 ## Extensions

 The unified hosts file is optionally extensible.  Extensions are used to include domains by category.  Currently, we offer the following categories: `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn`.
@@ -100,7 +102,28 @@ folder tree, where you will find the data for `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`,

 ## Generate your own unified hosts file

-To generate your own unified hosts file you will need Python 3.5 or later.
+You have two options to generate your own hosts file.  You can do it in your own environment, or within a Docker container.  We'll cover Docker first because it's a short section.
+
+### Option 1: Generate in a Docker container
+
+We provide a [Dockerfile](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/Dockerfile) that you can use to create a Docker container with everything you need.
+The container will contain Python 3 and all its dependency requirements, and a copy of the latest version of this repository.
+
+Build the Docker container like this:
+
+```sh
+docker build ./
+```
+
+Access the terminal like this:
+
+```sh
+docker run -it (containerid) bash
+```
+
+### Option 2: Generate it in your own environment
+
+To generate your own amalgamated hosts files you will need Python 3.6 or later.

 First, install the dependencies with:

@@ -110,7 +133,9 @@ pip3 install --user -r requirements.txt

 **Note** we recommend the `--user` flag which installs the required dependencies at the user level. More information about it can be found on pip [documentation](https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip_install/?highlight=--user#cmdoption-user).

-To run unit tests, in the top-level directory, run:
+### Common steps regardless of your development environment
+
+To **run unit tests**, in the top-level directory, run:

 ```sh
 python3 testUpdateHostsFile.py
@@ -121,15 +146,11 @@ local `data/` subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch upd
 (from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each source's folder). Otherwise, it
 will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

-### Usage
-
-#### Using Python 3:
-
 ```sh
 python3 updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]
 ```

-#### Command line options:
+#### Command line options

 `--help`, or `-h`: display help.

@@ -169,6 +190,11 @@ in a subfolder.  If the subfolder does not exist, it will be created.
 section at the top, containing lines like `127.0.0.1 localhost`.  This is
 useful for configuring proximate DNS services on the local network.

+`--nogendata`, or `-g`: `false` (default) or `true`, skip the generation of the
+readmeData.json file used for generating readme.md files.  This is useful if you are
+generating host files with additional whitelists or blacklists and want to keep your
+local checkout of this repo unmodified.
+
 `--compress`, or `-c`: `false` (default) or `true`, *Compress* the hosts file
 ignoring non-necessary lines (empty lines and comments) and putting multiple
 domains in each line. Reducing the number of lines of the hosts file improves
@@ -179,6 +205,12 @@ each domain on a separate line. This is necessary because many implementations
 of URL blockers that rely on `hosts` files do not conform to the standard which
 allows multiple hosts on a single line.

+`--blacklist <blacklistfile>`, or `-x <blacklistfile>`: Append the given blacklist file
+in hosts format to the generated hosts file.
+
+`--whitelist <whitelistfile>`, or `-w <whitelistfile>`: Use the given whitelist file
+to remove hosts from the generated hosts file.
+
 ## How do I control which sources are unified?

 Add one or more *additional* sources, each in a subfolder of the `data/`
@@ -225,8 +257,7 @@ If you discover sketchy domains you feel should be included here, here are some

 The best way to get new domains included is to submit an issue to any of the data providers whose home pages are [listed here](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts#sources-of-hosts-data-unified-in-this-variant). This is best because once you submit new domains, they will be curated and updated by the dedicated folks who maintain these sources.

-
-### Option 2: add your domains to Steven Black's personal data file
+### Option 2: Fork this repository, add your domains to Steven Black's personal data file, and submit a pull request

 Fork this hosts this repo and add your links to [https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts).

@@ -238,7 +269,6 @@ Then, submit a pull request.

 If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existence of your repo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.

-
 ## What is a hosts file?

 A hosts file, named `hosts` (with no file extension), is a plain-text file
@@ -277,22 +307,69 @@ interfere with a web server that may be running on the local PC.

 We tried that.  Using `0` doesn't work universally.

-
 ## Location of your hosts file

 To modify your current `hosts` file, look for it in the following places and modify it with a text
 editor.

-**macOS (until 10.14.x macOS Mojave), iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.
-
-**macOS Catalina:** `/private/etc/hosts` file.
-
-**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.
+* **macOS (until 10.14.x macOS Mojave), iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.
+* **macOS Catalina:** `/private/etc/hosts` file.
+* **Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.

 ## Gentoo

 Gentoo users may find [`sb-hosts`](https://github.com/PF4Public/gentoo-overlay/tree/master/net-misc/sb-hosts) in [::pf4public](https://github.com/PF4Public/gentoo-overlay) Gentoo overlay

+## NixOS
+
+To install hosts file on your machine add the following into your `configuration.nix`:
+
+```nix
+{
+  networking.extraHosts = let
+    hostsPath = https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts;
+    hostsFile = builtins.fetchurl hostsPath;
+  in builtins.readFile "${hostsFile}";
+}
+```
+
+* NOTE: Change `hostsPath` if you need other versions of hosts file.
+* NOTE: The call to `fetchurl` is impure.
+Use `fetchFromGitHub` with the exact commit if you want to always get the same result.
+
+### Nix Flake
+
+NixOS installations which are managed through *flakes* can use the hosts file like this:
+
+```nix
+{
+  inputs.hosts.url = github:StevenBlack/hosts;
+  outputs = { self, nixpkgs, hosts }: {
+    nixosConfigurations.my-hostname = {
+      system = "<architecture>";
+      modules = [
+        hosts.nixosModule {
+          networking.stevenBlackHosts.enable = true;
+        }
+      ];
+    };
+  };
+}
+```
+
+The hosts extensions are also available with the following options:
+
+```nix
+{
+  networking.stevenBlackHosts = {
+    blockFakenews = true;
+    blockGambling = true;
+    blockPorn = true;
+    blockSocial = true;
+  };
+}
+```
+
 ## Updating hosts file on Windows

 (NOTE: See also some third-party Hosts managers, listed below.)
@@ -311,26 +388,27 @@ saying that for this to work, you must be connected to the internet.

 To open a command prompt as administrator in the repository's directory, do the following:

-**Windows XP**: Start → Run → `cmd`
-
-**Windows Vista, 7**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
-
-**Windows 8**: Start → Swipe Up → All Apps → Windows System → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
-
-**Windows 10**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows XP**: Start → Run → `cmd`
+* **Windows Vista, 7**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows 8**: Start → Swipe Up → All Apps → Windows System → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows 10**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"

 You can also refer to the "Third-Party Hosts Managers" section for further recommended solutions from third parties.

+### Warning: Using this `hosts` file in Windows may require disabling DNS Cache service
+
+Windows has issues with larger hosts files. Recent changes in security within Windows 10 denies
+access to changing services via other tools except registry hacks. Use the `disable-dnscache-service-win.cmd`
+file to make proper changes to the Windows registry. You will need to reboot your device once that's done.
+See the [the comments within the `cmd` file](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/disable-dnscache-service-win.cmd)
+for more details.
+
 ## Reloading hosts file

 Your operating system will cache DNS lookups. You can either reboot or run the following commands to
 manually flush your DNS cache once the new hosts file is in place.

-| The Google Chrome browser may require manually cleaning up its DNS Cache on `chrome://net-internals/#dns` page to thereafter see the changes in your hosts file. See: <https://superuser.com/questions/723703>
-:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+The Google Chrome browser may require manually cleaning up its DNS Cache on `chrome://net-internals/#dns` page to thereafter see the changes in your hosts file. See: <https://superuser.com/questions/723703>

 ### Windows

@@ -340,47 +418,34 @@ Open a command prompt with administrator privileges and run this command:
 ipconfig /flushdns
 ```

-Before flushing the DNS cache, open a command prompt with administrator privileges and run this command:
-
-```bat
-sc config "Dnscache" start=disabled
-sc stop "Dnscache"
-```
-
 ### Linux

 Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

-**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+* **Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+* **Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`
+* **Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`
+* **Fedora Linux**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+* **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Network Manager**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+* **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`
+* **RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
+* **FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`

-**Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`
+  To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:

-**Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`
+  ```sh
+  sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
+  sudo service nscd start
+  ```

-**Fedora Linux**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+  Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:

-**Arch Linux/Manjaro with Network Manager**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+  ```text
+  hosts: cache files dns
+  ```

-**Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`
-
-**RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
-
-**FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`
-
-To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:
-
-```sh
-sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
-sudo service nscd start
-```
-
-Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:
-
-```text
-hosts: cache files dns
-```
-
-**Others**: Consult [this Wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).
+* **NixOS**: The `nscd.service` is automatically restarted when the option `networking.extraHosts` was changed.
+* **Others**: Consult [this Wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).

 ### macOS

@@ -402,11 +467,8 @@ This is why the [package.json](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/
 The goals of this repo are to:

 1. automatically combine high-quality lists of hosts,
-
 2. provide situation-appropriate extensions,
-
 3. de-dupe the resultant combined list,
-
 4. and keep the resultant file reasonably sized.

 A high-quality source is defined here as one that is actively curated.  A
@@ -420,26 +482,24 @@ devices under a variety of operating systems.
 ## Third-Party Hosts Managers

 * [Unified Hosts AutoUpdate](https://github.com/ScriptTiger/Unified-Hosts-AutoUpdate "Unified Hosts AutoUpdate") (for Windows): The Unified Hosts AutoUpdate package is purpose-built for this unified hosts project as well as in active development by community members. You can install and uninstall any blacklist and keep it automatically up to date, and can be placed in a shared network location and deployed across an organization via group policies. And since it is in active development by community members, your bug reports, feature requests, and other feedback are most welcome.
-
 * [ViHoMa](https://github.com/cmabad/ViHoMa) is a Visual Hosts file Manager, written in Java, by Christian Martínez.  Check it out!

 ## Interesting Applications

+* [Hosts-BL](https://github.com/ScriptTiger/Hosts-BL "Hosts-BL") is a simple tool to handle hosts file black lists. It can remove comments, remove duplicates, compress to 9 domains per line, add IPv6 entries. In addition, it can also convert black lists to multiple other black list formats compatible with other software, such as dnsmasq, DualServer, RPZ, Privoxy, and Unbound, to name a few.
+* [Host Minder](https://github.com/jeremehancock/hostminder#readme) is a simple GUI that allows you to easily update your /etc/hosts file to one of four consolidated hosts files from StevenBlack/hosts. It is provided as a deb package and comes pre-installed on [UbuntuCE](https://ubuntuce.com/).
+* [Maza ad blocking](https://github.com/tanrax/maza-ad-blocking) is a bash script that automatically updates host file. You can also update a fresh copy. And each time it generates a dnsmasq-compatible configuration file. Fast installation, compatible with MacOS, Linux and BSD.
 * [Hostile](https://github.com/feross/hostile) is a nifty command line utility to easily add or remove domains from your hosts file.  If our hosts files are too aggressive for you, you can use `hostile` to remove domains, or you can use `hostile` in a bash script to automate a post process each time you download fresh versions of hosts.
-
-* [macOS Scripting for Configuration, Backup and Restore](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config) helps customizing, re-installing and using macOS. It also provides a [script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/hosts_file_generator.sh) to install and update the hosts file using this project on macOS. In combination with a [launchd](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/com.hostsfile.install_update.plist) it updates the hosts file every x days (default is 4). To install both download the GitHub repo and run the [install script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/install_hosts_file_generator_and_launchdservice.sh) from the directory one level up.
-
-* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources. This is a very interesting project to set up yourself, or you can [buy one pre-loaded](https://uk.pi-supply.com/products/pi-hole-poe-edition-the-network-wide-ad-blocker).
-
+* [macOS Scripting for Configuration, Backup and Restore](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config) helps customizing, re-installing and using macOS. It also provides a [script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/hosts_file_generator.sh) to install and update the hosts file using this project on macOS. In combination with a [launchd](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/com.hostsfile.install_update.plist) it updates the hosts file every x days (default is 4). To install both, download the GitHub repo and run the [install script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/install_hosts_file_generator_and_launchdservice.sh) from the directory one level up.
+* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources.
 * [Block ads and malware via local BIND9 DNS server](https://github.com/mueller-ma/block-ads-via-dns "Block ads and malware via local DNS server") (for Debian, Raspbian & Ubuntu): Set up a local DNS server with a `/etc/bind/named.conf.blocked` file, sourced from here.
-
 * [Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server](https://scripttiger.github.io/dualserver/ "Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server") (for BSD, Windows & Linux): Set up a blacklist for everyone on your network using the power of the unified hosts reformatted for DualServer. And if you're on Windows, this project also maintains an update script to make updating DualServer's blacklist even easier.
-
 * [Blocking ads and malwares with unbound](https://deadc0de.re/articles/unbound-blocking-ads.html "Blocking ads and malwares with unbound") – [Unbound](https://www.unbound.net/ "Unbound is a validating, recursive, and caching DNS resolver.") is a validating, recursive, and caching DNS resolver.
+* [dnsmasq conversion script](https://gist.github.com/erlepereira/c11f4f7a3f60cd2071e79018e895fc8a#file-dnsmasq-antimalware) This GitHub gist has a short shell script (bash, will work on any 'nix) and uses `wget` & `awk` present in most distros, to fetch a specified hosts file and convert it to the format required by dnsmasq. Supports IPv4 and IPv6. Designed to be used as either a shell script, or can be dropped into `/etc/cron.weekly` (or wherever suits). The script is short and easily edited, also has a short document attached with notes on dnsmasq setup.
+* [BlackHosts - Command Line Installer/Updater](https://github.com/Lateralus138/blackhosts) This is a cross-platform command line utility to help install/update hosts files found at this repository.
+* [dnscrypt-proxy](https://github.com/DNSCrypt/dnscrypt-proxy/wiki/Combining-Blocklists) provides a tool to build block lists from local and remote lists in common formats.

-* [dnsmasq conversion script](https://gist.github.com/erlepereira/c11f4f7a3f60cd2071e79018e895fc8a#file-dnsmasq-antimalware) This GitHub gist has a short shell script (bash, will work on any 'nix) and uses `wget` & `awk` present in most distros, to fetch a specified hosts file and convert it the format required by dnsmasq. Supports IPv4 and IPv6. Designed to be used as either a shell script, or can be dropped into /etc/cron.weekly (or wherever suits). The script is short and easily edited, also has a short document attached with notes on dnsmasq setup.
-
-## Contribute!
+## Contribute

 Please read our [Contributing Guide](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/contributing.md). Among other things, this explains how we organize files and folders in this repository.

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
----
 **Take Note!**
- This version of the Hosts file generator, and tests, are for Python 3.5+ only.
- With the exception of issues and PRs regarding changes to `hosts/data/StevenBlack/hosts`, all other issues regarding the content of the produced hosts files should be made with the appropriate data source that contributed the content in question. The contact information for all of the data sources can be found in the `hosts/data/` directory.
+
+* With the exception of issues and PRs regarding changes to `hosts/data/StevenBlack/hosts`, all other issues regarding the content of the produced hosts files should be made with the appropriate data source that contributed the content in question. The contact information for all of the data sources can be found in the `hosts/data/` directory.
+
 ----

 ![Logo](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/.github/logo.png)
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 [![license](https://img.shields.io/github/license/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/license.txt)
 [![repo size](https://img.shields.io/github/repo-size/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts)
 [![contributors](https://img.shields.io/github/contributors/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/graphs/contributors)
-[![Build Status](https://img.shields.io/travis/StevenBlack/hosts/master.svg)](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts)
+[![Build Status](https://img.shields.io/github/workflow/status/StevenBlack/hosts/CI/master)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/actions?query=workflow%3ACI+branch%3Amaster)
 [![Code style: black](https://img.shields.io/badge/code%20style-black-000000.svg)](https://github.com/python/black)
 [![commits since last release](https://img.shields.io/github/commits-since/StevenBlack/hosts/latest.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
 [![last commit](https://img.shields.io/github/last-commit/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
@@ -21,37 +21,36 @@
 This repository consolidates several reputable `hosts` files, and merges them
 into a unified hosts file with duplicates removed.  A variety of tailored hosts files are provided.

-* Last updated: **April 07 2020**.
-* Here's the [raw hosts file with fakenews, gambling, social extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) containing 60,470 entries.
+* Last updated: **May 05 2022**.
+* Here's the [raw hosts file with fakenews, gambling, social extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) containing 121,046 entries.
 * Logo by [@Tobaloidee](https://github.com/Tobaloidee).

-
 ## List of all hosts file variants

 This repository offers [15 different host file variants](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates), in addition to the base variant.

 The **Non GitHub mirror** is the link to use for some hosts file managers like
-[Hostsman for Windows](http://www.abelhadigital.com/hostsman/) that don't work
+[Hostsman for Windows](https://www.abelhadigital.com/hostsman/) that don't work
 with GitHub download links.

 Host file recipe | Readme | Raw hosts | Unique domains | Non GitHub mirror
 ---------------- |:------:|:---------:|:--------------:|:-------------:
-Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 54,456 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 55,398 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 56,777 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 71,261 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 57,207 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 57,719 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 72,203 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 58,149 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 73,582 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 59,528 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 74,011 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 74,524 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 60,470 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 74,953 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 76,332 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 77,274 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 113,498 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 115,693 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 116,036 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 156,450 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 116,313 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 118,231 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 158,644 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 118,508 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 158,988 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 118,851 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 159,264 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 161,183 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 121,046 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 161,458 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 161,802 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 163,997 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)


 **Expectation**: These unified hosts files should serve all devices, regardless
@@ -65,28 +64,30 @@ included:
 Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License | Issues
 -----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:----------------:|:-------:|:------:
 Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues)
-Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone' | [issues](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/contact.php)
-add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-hostsVN | Hosts block ads of Vietnamese |[link](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/master/option/hosts-VN) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/issues)
-add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org/) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution | [issues](hosts@someonewhocares.org)
-MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com)
-yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org)
+AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | frequently | CC BY 3.0 | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/issues)
+add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+AdguardTeam cname trackers | CNAME-cloaked tracking abuses. |[link](https://github.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers/master/combined_disguised_trackers_justdomains.txt) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers/issues)
 Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/issues)
-URLHaus | A project from [abuse.ch](https://abuse.ch/) with the goal of sharing malicious URLs. |[link](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/) | [raw](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/downloads/hostfile/) | weekly | CC0 | [issues](mailto:cosntacptamem@abuse.ch)
-UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://kadantiscam.netlify.com/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/master/KADhosts_without_controversies.txt) | frequently | CC BY-SA 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/issues)
-AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0 | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/AdAway/issues)
-add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+hostsVN | Hosts block ads of Vietnamese |[link](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/master/option/hosts-VN) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/issues)
+KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://kadantiscam.netlify.app/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | CC BY-SA 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/issues)
+MetaMask eth-phishing-detect | Phishing domains targeting Ethereum users. |[link](https://github.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect/master/src/hosts.txt) | frequent | DON'T BE A DICK PUBLIC LICENSE | [issues](https://github.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect/issues)
+minecraft-hosts | Minecraft related tracker hosts |[link](https://github.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts/master/lists/tracking.txt) | occasionally | CC0-1.0 | [issues](https://github.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts/issues)
+MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](https://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](https://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com)
+shady-hosts | Analytics, ad, and activity monitoring hosts |[link](https://github.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts/main/hosts) | occasionally | CC0-1.0 | [issues](https://github.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts/issues)
+Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org/) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution | [issues](mailto:hosts@someonewhocares.org)
 Tiuxo hostlist - ads | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/ads) | occasional | CC BY 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues)
+UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+URLHaus | A project from [abuse.ch](https://abuse.ch/) with the goal of sharing malicious URLs. |[link](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/) | [raw](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/downloads/hostfile/) | weekly | CC0 | [issues](mailto:contactme@abuse.ch)
+yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org)
 Fake News | An in-progress collection of fake news outlets. |[link](https://github.com/marktron/fakenews) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/marktron/fakenews/master/fakenews) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/marktron/fakenews/issues)
 Sinfonietta's gambling blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/gambling-hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues)
 Sinfonietta's social media blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/social-hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues)
 Tiuxo hostlist - social | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/social) | occasional | CC BY 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues)


-
 ## Extensions

 The unified hosts file is optionally extensible.  Extensions are used to include domains by category.  Currently, we offer the following categories: `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn`.
@@ -98,7 +99,28 @@ folder tree, where you will find the data for `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`,

 ## Generate your own unified hosts file

-To generate your own unified hosts file you will need Python 3.5 or later.
+You have two options to generate your own hosts file.  You can do it in your own environment, or within a Docker container.  We'll cover Docker first because it's a short section.
+
+### Option 1: Generate in a Docker container
+
+We provide a [Dockerfile](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/Dockerfile) that you can use to create a Docker container with everything you need.
+The container will contain Python 3 and all its dependency requirements, and a copy of the latest version of this repository.
+
+Build the Docker container like this:
+
+```sh
+docker build ./
+```
+
+Access the terminal like this:
+
+```sh
+docker run -it (containerid) bash
+```
+
+### Option 2: Generate it in your own environment
+
+To generate your own amalgamated hosts files you will need Python 3.6 or later.

 First, install the dependencies with:

@@ -108,7 +130,9 @@ pip3 install --user -r requirements.txt

 **Note** we recommend the `--user` flag which installs the required dependencies at the user level. More information about it can be found on pip [documentation](https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip_install/?highlight=--user#cmdoption-user).

-To run unit tests, in the top-level directory, run:
+### Common steps regardless of your development environment
+
+To **run unit tests**, in the top-level directory, run:

 ```sh
 python3 testUpdateHostsFile.py
@@ -119,15 +143,11 @@ local `data/` subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch upd
 (from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each source's folder). Otherwise, it
 will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

-### Usage
-
-#### Using Python 3:
-
 ```sh
 python3 updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]
 ```

-#### Command line options:
+#### Command line options

 `--help`, or `-h`: display help.

@@ -167,6 +187,11 @@ in a subfolder.  If the subfolder does not exist, it will be created.
 section at the top, containing lines like `127.0.0.1 localhost`.  This is
 useful for configuring proximate DNS services on the local network.

+`--nogendata`, or `-g`: `false` (default) or `true`, skip the generation of the
+readmeData.json file used for generating readme.md files.  This is useful if you are
+generating host files with additional whitelists or blacklists and want to keep your
+local checkout of this repo unmodified.
+
 `--compress`, or `-c`: `false` (default) or `true`, *Compress* the hosts file
 ignoring non-necessary lines (empty lines and comments) and putting multiple
 domains in each line. Reducing the number of lines of the hosts file improves
@@ -177,6 +202,12 @@ each domain on a separate line. This is necessary because many implementations
 of URL blockers that rely on `hosts` files do not conform to the standard which
 allows multiple hosts on a single line.

+`--blacklist <blacklistfile>`, or `-x <blacklistfile>`: Append the given blacklist file
+in hosts format to the generated hosts file.
+
+`--whitelist <whitelistfile>`, or `-w <whitelistfile>`: Use the given whitelist file
+to remove hosts from the generated hosts file.
+
 ## How do I control which sources are unified?

 Add one or more *additional* sources, each in a subfolder of the `data/`
@@ -223,8 +254,7 @@ If you discover sketchy domains you feel should be included here, here are some

 The best way to get new domains included is to submit an issue to any of the data providers whose home pages are [listed here](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts#sources-of-hosts-data-unified-in-this-variant). This is best because once you submit new domains, they will be curated and updated by the dedicated folks who maintain these sources.

-
-### Option 2: add your domains to Steven Black's personal data file
+### Option 2: Fork this repository, add your domains to Steven Black's personal data file, and submit a pull request

 Fork this hosts this repo and add your links to [https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts).

@@ -236,7 +266,6 @@ Then, submit a pull request.

 If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existence of your repo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.

-
 ## What is a hosts file?

 A hosts file, named `hosts` (with no file extension), is a plain-text file
@@ -275,22 +304,69 @@ interfere with a web server that may be running on the local PC.

 We tried that.  Using `0` doesn't work universally.

-
 ## Location of your hosts file

 To modify your current `hosts` file, look for it in the following places and modify it with a text
 editor.

-**macOS (until 10.14.x macOS Mojave), iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.
-
-**macOS Catalina:** `/private/etc/hosts` file.
-
-**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.
+* **macOS (until 10.14.x macOS Mojave), iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.
+* **macOS Catalina:** `/private/etc/hosts` file.
+* **Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.

 ## Gentoo

 Gentoo users may find [`sb-hosts`](https://github.com/PF4Public/gentoo-overlay/tree/master/net-misc/sb-hosts) in [::pf4public](https://github.com/PF4Public/gentoo-overlay) Gentoo overlay

+## NixOS
+
+To install hosts file on your machine add the following into your `configuration.nix`:
+
+```nix
+{
+  networking.extraHosts = let
+    hostsPath = https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts;
+    hostsFile = builtins.fetchurl hostsPath;
+  in builtins.readFile "${hostsFile}";
+}
+```
+
+* NOTE: Change `hostsPath` if you need other versions of hosts file.
+* NOTE: The call to `fetchurl` is impure.
+Use `fetchFromGitHub` with the exact commit if you want to always get the same result.
+
+### Nix Flake
+
+NixOS installations which are managed through *flakes* can use the hosts file like this:
+
+```nix
+{
+  inputs.hosts.url = github:StevenBlack/hosts;
+  outputs = { self, nixpkgs, hosts }: {
+    nixosConfigurations.my-hostname = {
+      system = "<architecture>";
+      modules = [
+        hosts.nixosModule {
+          networking.stevenBlackHosts.enable = true;
+        }
+      ];
+    };
+  };
+}
+```
+
+The hosts extensions are also available with the following options:
+
+```nix
+{
+  networking.stevenBlackHosts = {
+    blockFakenews = true;
+    blockGambling = true;
+    blockPorn = true;
+    blockSocial = true;
+  };
+}
+```
+
 ## Updating hosts file on Windows

 (NOTE: See also some third-party Hosts managers, listed below.)
@@ -309,26 +385,27 @@ saying that for this to work, you must be connected to the internet.

 To open a command prompt as administrator in the repository's directory, do the following:

-**Windows XP**: Start → Run → `cmd`
-
-**Windows Vista, 7**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
-
-**Windows 8**: Start → Swipe Up → All Apps → Windows System → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
-
-**Windows 10**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows XP**: Start → Run → `cmd`
+* **Windows Vista, 7**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows 8**: Start → Swipe Up → All Apps → Windows System → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows 10**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"

 You can also refer to the "Third-Party Hosts Managers" section for further recommended solutions from third parties.

+### Warning: Using this `hosts` file in Windows may require disabling DNS Cache service
+
+Windows has issues with larger hosts files. Recent changes in security within Windows 10 denies
+access to changing services via other tools except registry hacks. Use the `disable-dnscache-service-win.cmd`
+file to make proper changes to the Windows registry. You will need to reboot your device once that's done.
+See the [the comments within the `cmd` file](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/disable-dnscache-service-win.cmd)
+for more details.
+
 ## Reloading hosts file

 Your operating system will cache DNS lookups. You can either reboot or run the following commands to
 manually flush your DNS cache once the new hosts file is in place.

-| The Google Chrome browser may require manually cleaning up its DNS Cache on `chrome://net-internals/#dns` page to thereafter see the changes in your hosts file. See: <https://superuser.com/questions/723703>
-:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+The Google Chrome browser may require manually cleaning up its DNS Cache on `chrome://net-internals/#dns` page to thereafter see the changes in your hosts file. See: <https://superuser.com/questions/723703>

 ### Windows

@@ -338,47 +415,34 @@ Open a command prompt with administrator privileges and run this command:
 ipconfig /flushdns
 ```

-Before flushing the DNS cache, open a command prompt with administrator privileges and run this command:
-
-```bat
-sc config "Dnscache" start=disabled
-sc stop "Dnscache"
-```
-
 ### Linux

 Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

-**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+* **Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+* **Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`
+* **Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`
+* **Fedora Linux**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+* **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Network Manager**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+* **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`
+* **RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
+* **FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`

-**Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`
+  To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:

-**Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`
+  ```sh
+  sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
+  sudo service nscd start
+  ```

-**Fedora Linux**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+  Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:

-**Arch Linux/Manjaro with Network Manager**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+  ```text
+  hosts: cache files dns
+  ```

-**Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`
-
-**RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
-
-**FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`
-
-To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:
-
-```sh
-sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
-sudo service nscd start
-```
-
-Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:
-
-```text
-hosts: cache files dns
-```
-
-**Others**: Consult [this Wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).
+* **NixOS**: The `nscd.service` is automatically restarted when the option `networking.extraHosts` was changed.
+* **Others**: Consult [this Wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).

 ### macOS

@@ -400,11 +464,8 @@ This is why the [package.json](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/
 The goals of this repo are to:

 1. automatically combine high-quality lists of hosts,
-
 2. provide situation-appropriate extensions,
-
 3. de-dupe the resultant combined list,
-
 4. and keep the resultant file reasonably sized.

 A high-quality source is defined here as one that is actively curated.  A
@@ -418,26 +479,24 @@ devices under a variety of operating systems.
 ## Third-Party Hosts Managers

 * [Unified Hosts AutoUpdate](https://github.com/ScriptTiger/Unified-Hosts-AutoUpdate "Unified Hosts AutoUpdate") (for Windows): The Unified Hosts AutoUpdate package is purpose-built for this unified hosts project as well as in active development by community members. You can install and uninstall any blacklist and keep it automatically up to date, and can be placed in a shared network location and deployed across an organization via group policies. And since it is in active development by community members, your bug reports, feature requests, and other feedback are most welcome.
-
 * [ViHoMa](https://github.com/cmabad/ViHoMa) is a Visual Hosts file Manager, written in Java, by Christian Martínez.  Check it out!

 ## Interesting Applications

+* [Hosts-BL](https://github.com/ScriptTiger/Hosts-BL "Hosts-BL") is a simple tool to handle hosts file black lists. It can remove comments, remove duplicates, compress to 9 domains per line, add IPv6 entries. In addition, it can also convert black lists to multiple other black list formats compatible with other software, such as dnsmasq, DualServer, RPZ, Privoxy, and Unbound, to name a few.
+* [Host Minder](https://github.com/jeremehancock/hostminder#readme) is a simple GUI that allows you to easily update your /etc/hosts file to one of four consolidated hosts files from StevenBlack/hosts. It is provided as a deb package and comes pre-installed on [UbuntuCE](https://ubuntuce.com/).
+* [Maza ad blocking](https://github.com/tanrax/maza-ad-blocking) is a bash script that automatically updates host file. You can also update a fresh copy. And each time it generates a dnsmasq-compatible configuration file. Fast installation, compatible with MacOS, Linux and BSD.
 * [Hostile](https://github.com/feross/hostile) is a nifty command line utility to easily add or remove domains from your hosts file.  If our hosts files are too aggressive for you, you can use `hostile` to remove domains, or you can use `hostile` in a bash script to automate a post process each time you download fresh versions of hosts.
-
-* [macOS Scripting for Configuration, Backup and Restore](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config) helps customizing, re-installing and using macOS. It also provides a [script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/hosts_file_generator.sh) to install and update the hosts file using this project on macOS. In combination with a [launchd](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/com.hostsfile.install_update.plist) it updates the hosts file every x days (default is 4). To install both download the GitHub repo and run the [install script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/install_hosts_file_generator_and_launchdservice.sh) from the directory one level up.
-
-* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources. This is a very interesting project to set up yourself, or you can [buy one pre-loaded](https://uk.pi-supply.com/products/pi-hole-poe-edition-the-network-wide-ad-blocker).
-
+* [macOS Scripting for Configuration, Backup and Restore](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config) helps customizing, re-installing and using macOS. It also provides a [script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/hosts_file_generator.sh) to install and update the hosts file using this project on macOS. In combination with a [launchd](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/com.hostsfile.install_update.plist) it updates the hosts file every x days (default is 4). To install both, download the GitHub repo and run the [install script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/install_hosts_file_generator_and_launchdservice.sh) from the directory one level up.
+* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources.
 * [Block ads and malware via local BIND9 DNS server](https://github.com/mueller-ma/block-ads-via-dns "Block ads and malware via local DNS server") (for Debian, Raspbian & Ubuntu): Set up a local DNS server with a `/etc/bind/named.conf.blocked` file, sourced from here.
-
 * [Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server](https://scripttiger.github.io/dualserver/ "Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server") (for BSD, Windows & Linux): Set up a blacklist for everyone on your network using the power of the unified hosts reformatted for DualServer. And if you're on Windows, this project also maintains an update script to make updating DualServer's blacklist even easier.
-
 * [Blocking ads and malwares with unbound](https://deadc0de.re/articles/unbound-blocking-ads.html "Blocking ads and malwares with unbound") – [Unbound](https://www.unbound.net/ "Unbound is a validating, recursive, and caching DNS resolver.") is a validating, recursive, and caching DNS resolver.
+* [dnsmasq conversion script](https://gist.github.com/erlepereira/c11f4f7a3f60cd2071e79018e895fc8a#file-dnsmasq-antimalware) This GitHub gist has a short shell script (bash, will work on any 'nix) and uses `wget` & `awk` present in most distros, to fetch a specified hosts file and convert it to the format required by dnsmasq. Supports IPv4 and IPv6. Designed to be used as either a shell script, or can be dropped into `/etc/cron.weekly` (or wherever suits). The script is short and easily edited, also has a short document attached with notes on dnsmasq setup.
+* [BlackHosts - Command Line Installer/Updater](https://github.com/Lateralus138/blackhosts) This is a cross-platform command line utility to help install/update hosts files found at this repository.
+* [dnscrypt-proxy](https://github.com/DNSCrypt/dnscrypt-proxy/wiki/Combining-Blocklists) provides a tool to build block lists from local and remote lists in common formats.

-* [dnsmasq conversion script](https://gist.github.com/erlepereira/c11f4f7a3f60cd2071e79018e895fc8a#file-dnsmasq-antimalware) This GitHub gist has a short shell script (bash, will work on any 'nix) and uses `wget` & `awk` present in most distros, to fetch a specified hosts file and convert it the format required by dnsmasq. Supports IPv4 and IPv6. Designed to be used as either a shell script, or can be dropped into /etc/cron.weekly (or wherever suits). The script is short and easily edited, also has a short document attached with notes on dnsmasq setup.
-
-## Contribute!
+## Contribute

 Please read our [Contributing Guide](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/contributing.md). Among other things, this explains how we organize files and folders in this repository.

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
----
 **Take Note!**
- This version of the Hosts file generator, and tests, are for Python 3.5+ only.
- With the exception of issues and PRs regarding changes to `hosts/data/StevenBlack/hosts`, all other issues regarding the content of the produced hosts files should be made with the appropriate data source that contributed the content in question. The contact information for all of the data sources can be found in the `hosts/data/` directory.
+
+* With the exception of issues and PRs regarding changes to `hosts/data/StevenBlack/hosts`, all other issues regarding the content of the produced hosts files should be made with the appropriate data source that contributed the content in question. The contact information for all of the data sources can be found in the `hosts/data/` directory.
+
 ----

 ![Logo](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/.github/logo.png)
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 [![license](https://img.shields.io/github/license/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/license.txt)
 [![repo size](https://img.shields.io/github/repo-size/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts)
 [![contributors](https://img.shields.io/github/contributors/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/graphs/contributors)
-[![Build Status](https://img.shields.io/travis/StevenBlack/hosts/master.svg)](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts)
+[![Build Status](https://img.shields.io/github/workflow/status/StevenBlack/hosts/CI/master)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/actions?query=workflow%3ACI+branch%3Amaster)
 [![Code style: black](https://img.shields.io/badge/code%20style-black-000000.svg)](https://github.com/python/black)
 [![commits since last release](https://img.shields.io/github/commits-since/StevenBlack/hosts/latest.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
 [![last commit](https://img.shields.io/github/last-commit/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
@@ -21,37 +21,36 @@
 This repository consolidates several reputable `hosts` files, and merges them
 into a unified hosts file with duplicates removed.  A variety of tailored hosts files are provided.

-* Last updated: **April 07 2020**.
-* Here's the [raw hosts file with fakenews, gambling extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) containing 57,719 entries.
+* Last updated: **May 05 2022**.
+* Here's the [raw hosts file with fakenews, gambling extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) containing 118,231 entries.
 * Logo by [@Tobaloidee](https://github.com/Tobaloidee).

-
 ## List of all hosts file variants

 This repository offers [15 different host file variants](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates), in addition to the base variant.

 The **Non GitHub mirror** is the link to use for some hosts file managers like
-[Hostsman for Windows](http://www.abelhadigital.com/hostsman/) that don't work
+[Hostsman for Windows](https://www.abelhadigital.com/hostsman/) that don't work
 with GitHub download links.

 Host file recipe | Readme | Raw hosts | Unique domains | Non GitHub mirror
 ---------------- |:------:|:---------:|:--------------:|:-------------:
-Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 54,456 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 55,398 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 56,777 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 71,261 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 57,207 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 57,719 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 72,203 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 58,149 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 73,582 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 59,528 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 74,011 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 74,524 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 60,470 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 74,953 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 76,332 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 77,274 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 113,498 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 115,693 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 116,036 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 156,450 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 116,313 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 118,231 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 158,644 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 118,508 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 158,988 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 118,851 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 159,264 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 161,183 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 121,046 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 161,458 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 161,802 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 163,997 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)


 **Expectation**: These unified hosts files should serve all devices, regardless
@@ -65,26 +64,28 @@ included:
 Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License | Issues
 -----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:----------------:|:-------:|:------:
 Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues)
-Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone' | [issues](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/contact.php)
-add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-hostsVN | Hosts block ads of Vietnamese |[link](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/master/option/hosts-VN) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/issues)
-add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org/) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution | [issues](hosts@someonewhocares.org)
-MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com)
-yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org)
+AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | frequently | CC BY 3.0 | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/issues)
+add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+AdguardTeam cname trackers | CNAME-cloaked tracking abuses. |[link](https://github.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers/master/combined_disguised_trackers_justdomains.txt) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers/issues)
 Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/issues)
-URLHaus | A project from [abuse.ch](https://abuse.ch/) with the goal of sharing malicious URLs. |[link](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/) | [raw](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/downloads/hostfile/) | weekly | CC0 | [issues](mailto:cosntacptamem@abuse.ch)
-UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://kadantiscam.netlify.com/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/master/KADhosts_without_controversies.txt) | frequently | CC BY-SA 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/issues)
-AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0 | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/AdAway/issues)
-add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+hostsVN | Hosts block ads of Vietnamese |[link](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/master/option/hosts-VN) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/issues)
+KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://kadantiscam.netlify.app/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | CC BY-SA 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/issues)
+MetaMask eth-phishing-detect | Phishing domains targeting Ethereum users. |[link](https://github.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect/master/src/hosts.txt) | frequent | DON'T BE A DICK PUBLIC LICENSE | [issues](https://github.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect/issues)
+minecraft-hosts | Minecraft related tracker hosts |[link](https://github.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts/master/lists/tracking.txt) | occasionally | CC0-1.0 | [issues](https://github.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts/issues)
+MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](https://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](https://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com)
+shady-hosts | Analytics, ad, and activity monitoring hosts |[link](https://github.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts/main/hosts) | occasionally | CC0-1.0 | [issues](https://github.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts/issues)
+Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org/) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution | [issues](mailto:hosts@someonewhocares.org)
 Tiuxo hostlist - ads | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/ads) | occasional | CC BY 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues)
+UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+URLHaus | A project from [abuse.ch](https://abuse.ch/) with the goal of sharing malicious URLs. |[link](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/) | [raw](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/downloads/hostfile/) | weekly | CC0 | [issues](mailto:contactme@abuse.ch)
+yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org)
 Fake News | An in-progress collection of fake news outlets. |[link](https://github.com/marktron/fakenews) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/marktron/fakenews/master/fakenews) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/marktron/fakenews/issues)
 Sinfonietta's gambling blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/gambling-hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues)


-
 ## Extensions

 The unified hosts file is optionally extensible.  Extensions are used to include domains by category.  Currently, we offer the following categories: `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn`.
@@ -96,7 +97,28 @@ folder tree, where you will find the data for `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`,

 ## Generate your own unified hosts file

-To generate your own unified hosts file you will need Python 3.5 or later.
+You have two options to generate your own hosts file.  You can do it in your own environment, or within a Docker container.  We'll cover Docker first because it's a short section.
+
+### Option 1: Generate in a Docker container
+
+We provide a [Dockerfile](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/Dockerfile) that you can use to create a Docker container with everything you need.
+The container will contain Python 3 and all its dependency requirements, and a copy of the latest version of this repository.
+
+Build the Docker container like this:
+
+```sh
+docker build ./
+```
+
+Access the terminal like this:
+
+```sh
+docker run -it (containerid) bash
+```
+
+### Option 2: Generate it in your own environment
+
+To generate your own amalgamated hosts files you will need Python 3.6 or later.

 First, install the dependencies with:

@@ -106,7 +128,9 @@ pip3 install --user -r requirements.txt

 **Note** we recommend the `--user` flag which installs the required dependencies at the user level. More information about it can be found on pip [documentation](https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip_install/?highlight=--user#cmdoption-user).

-To run unit tests, in the top-level directory, run:
+### Common steps regardless of your development environment
+
+To **run unit tests**, in the top-level directory, run:

 ```sh
 python3 testUpdateHostsFile.py
@@ -117,15 +141,11 @@ local `data/` subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch upd
 (from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each source's folder). Otherwise, it
 will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

-### Usage
-
-#### Using Python 3:
-
 ```sh
 python3 updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]
 ```

-#### Command line options:
+#### Command line options

 `--help`, or `-h`: display help.

@@ -165,6 +185,11 @@ in a subfolder.  If the subfolder does not exist, it will be created.
 section at the top, containing lines like `127.0.0.1 localhost`.  This is
 useful for configuring proximate DNS services on the local network.

+`--nogendata`, or `-g`: `false` (default) or `true`, skip the generation of the
+readmeData.json file used for generating readme.md files.  This is useful if you are
+generating host files with additional whitelists or blacklists and want to keep your
+local checkout of this repo unmodified.
+
 `--compress`, or `-c`: `false` (default) or `true`, *Compress* the hosts file
 ignoring non-necessary lines (empty lines and comments) and putting multiple
 domains in each line. Reducing the number of lines of the hosts file improves
@@ -175,6 +200,12 @@ each domain on a separate line. This is necessary because many implementations
 of URL blockers that rely on `hosts` files do not conform to the standard which
 allows multiple hosts on a single line.

+`--blacklist <blacklistfile>`, or `-x <blacklistfile>`: Append the given blacklist file
+in hosts format to the generated hosts file.
+
+`--whitelist <whitelistfile>`, or `-w <whitelistfile>`: Use the given whitelist file
+to remove hosts from the generated hosts file.
+
 ## How do I control which sources are unified?

 Add one or more *additional* sources, each in a subfolder of the `data/`
@@ -221,8 +252,7 @@ If you discover sketchy domains you feel should be included here, here are some

 The best way to get new domains included is to submit an issue to any of the data providers whose home pages are [listed here](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts#sources-of-hosts-data-unified-in-this-variant). This is best because once you submit new domains, they will be curated and updated by the dedicated folks who maintain these sources.

-
-### Option 2: add your domains to Steven Black's personal data file
+### Option 2: Fork this repository, add your domains to Steven Black's personal data file, and submit a pull request

 Fork this hosts this repo and add your links to [https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts).

@@ -234,7 +264,6 @@ Then, submit a pull request.

 If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existence of your repo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.

-
 ## What is a hosts file?

 A hosts file, named `hosts` (with no file extension), is a plain-text file
@@ -273,22 +302,69 @@ interfere with a web server that may be running on the local PC.

 We tried that.  Using `0` doesn't work universally.

-
 ## Location of your hosts file

 To modify your current `hosts` file, look for it in the following places and modify it with a text
 editor.

-**macOS (until 10.14.x macOS Mojave), iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.
-
-**macOS Catalina:** `/private/etc/hosts` file.
-
-**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.
+* **macOS (until 10.14.x macOS Mojave), iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.
+* **macOS Catalina:** `/private/etc/hosts` file.
+* **Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.

 ## Gentoo

 Gentoo users may find [`sb-hosts`](https://github.com/PF4Public/gentoo-overlay/tree/master/net-misc/sb-hosts) in [::pf4public](https://github.com/PF4Public/gentoo-overlay) Gentoo overlay

+## NixOS
+
+To install hosts file on your machine add the following into your `configuration.nix`:
+
+```nix
+{
+  networking.extraHosts = let
+    hostsPath = https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts;
+    hostsFile = builtins.fetchurl hostsPath;
+  in builtins.readFile "${hostsFile}";
+}
+```
+
+* NOTE: Change `hostsPath` if you need other versions of hosts file.
+* NOTE: The call to `fetchurl` is impure.
+Use `fetchFromGitHub` with the exact commit if you want to always get the same result.
+
+### Nix Flake
+
+NixOS installations which are managed through *flakes* can use the hosts file like this:
+
+```nix
+{
+  inputs.hosts.url = github:StevenBlack/hosts;
+  outputs = { self, nixpkgs, hosts }: {
+    nixosConfigurations.my-hostname = {
+      system = "<architecture>";
+      modules = [
+        hosts.nixosModule {
+          networking.stevenBlackHosts.enable = true;
+        }
+      ];
+    };
+  };
+}
+```
+
+The hosts extensions are also available with the following options:
+
+```nix
+{
+  networking.stevenBlackHosts = {
+    blockFakenews = true;
+    blockGambling = true;
+    blockPorn = true;
+    blockSocial = true;
+  };
+}
+```
+
 ## Updating hosts file on Windows

 (NOTE: See also some third-party Hosts managers, listed below.)
@@ -307,26 +383,27 @@ saying that for this to work, you must be connected to the internet.

 To open a command prompt as administrator in the repository's directory, do the following:

-**Windows XP**: Start → Run → `cmd`
-
-**Windows Vista, 7**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
-
-**Windows 8**: Start → Swipe Up → All Apps → Windows System → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
-
-**Windows 10**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows XP**: Start → Run → `cmd`
+* **Windows Vista, 7**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows 8**: Start → Swipe Up → All Apps → Windows System → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows 10**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"

 You can also refer to the "Third-Party Hosts Managers" section for further recommended solutions from third parties.

+### Warning: Using this `hosts` file in Windows may require disabling DNS Cache service
+
+Windows has issues with larger hosts files. Recent changes in security within Windows 10 denies
+access to changing services via other tools except registry hacks. Use the `disable-dnscache-service-win.cmd`
+file to make proper changes to the Windows registry. You will need to reboot your device once that's done.
+See the [the comments within the `cmd` file](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/disable-dnscache-service-win.cmd)
+for more details.
+
 ## Reloading hosts file

 Your operating system will cache DNS lookups. You can either reboot or run the following commands to
 manually flush your DNS cache once the new hosts file is in place.

-| The Google Chrome browser may require manually cleaning up its DNS Cache on `chrome://net-internals/#dns` page to thereafter see the changes in your hosts file. See: <https://superuser.com/questions/723703>
-:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+The Google Chrome browser may require manually cleaning up its DNS Cache on `chrome://net-internals/#dns` page to thereafter see the changes in your hosts file. See: <https://superuser.com/questions/723703>

 ### Windows

@@ -336,47 +413,34 @@ Open a command prompt with administrator privileges and run this command:
 ipconfig /flushdns
 ```

-Before flushing the DNS cache, open a command prompt with administrator privileges and run this command:
-
-```bat
-sc config "Dnscache" start=disabled
-sc stop "Dnscache"
-```
-
 ### Linux

 Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

-**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+* **Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+* **Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`
+* **Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`
+* **Fedora Linux**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+* **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Network Manager**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+* **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`
+* **RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
+* **FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`

-**Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`
+  To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:

-**Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`
+  ```sh
+  sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
+  sudo service nscd start
+  ```

-**Fedora Linux**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+  Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:

-**Arch Linux/Manjaro with Network Manager**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+  ```text
+  hosts: cache files dns
+  ```

-**Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`
-
-**RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
-
-**FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`
-
-To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:
-
-```sh
-sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
-sudo service nscd start
-```
-
-Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:
-
-```text
-hosts: cache files dns
-```
-
-**Others**: Consult [this Wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).
+* **NixOS**: The `nscd.service` is automatically restarted when the option `networking.extraHosts` was changed.
+* **Others**: Consult [this Wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).

 ### macOS

@@ -398,11 +462,8 @@ This is why the [package.json](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/
 The goals of this repo are to:

 1. automatically combine high-quality lists of hosts,
-
 2. provide situation-appropriate extensions,
-
 3. de-dupe the resultant combined list,
-
 4. and keep the resultant file reasonably sized.

 A high-quality source is defined here as one that is actively curated.  A
@@ -416,26 +477,24 @@ devices under a variety of operating systems.
 ## Third-Party Hosts Managers

 * [Unified Hosts AutoUpdate](https://github.com/ScriptTiger/Unified-Hosts-AutoUpdate "Unified Hosts AutoUpdate") (for Windows): The Unified Hosts AutoUpdate package is purpose-built for this unified hosts project as well as in active development by community members. You can install and uninstall any blacklist and keep it automatically up to date, and can be placed in a shared network location and deployed across an organization via group policies. And since it is in active development by community members, your bug reports, feature requests, and other feedback are most welcome.
-
 * [ViHoMa](https://github.com/cmabad/ViHoMa) is a Visual Hosts file Manager, written in Java, by Christian Martínez.  Check it out!

 ## Interesting Applications

+* [Hosts-BL](https://github.com/ScriptTiger/Hosts-BL "Hosts-BL") is a simple tool to handle hosts file black lists. It can remove comments, remove duplicates, compress to 9 domains per line, add IPv6 entries. In addition, it can also convert black lists to multiple other black list formats compatible with other software, such as dnsmasq, DualServer, RPZ, Privoxy, and Unbound, to name a few.
+* [Host Minder](https://github.com/jeremehancock/hostminder#readme) is a simple GUI that allows you to easily update your /etc/hosts file to one of four consolidated hosts files from StevenBlack/hosts. It is provided as a deb package and comes pre-installed on [UbuntuCE](https://ubuntuce.com/).
+* [Maza ad blocking](https://github.com/tanrax/maza-ad-blocking) is a bash script that automatically updates host file. You can also update a fresh copy. And each time it generates a dnsmasq-compatible configuration file. Fast installation, compatible with MacOS, Linux and BSD.
 * [Hostile](https://github.com/feross/hostile) is a nifty command line utility to easily add or remove domains from your hosts file.  If our hosts files are too aggressive for you, you can use `hostile` to remove domains, or you can use `hostile` in a bash script to automate a post process each time you download fresh versions of hosts.
-
-* [macOS Scripting for Configuration, Backup and Restore](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config) helps customizing, re-installing and using macOS. It also provides a [script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/hosts_file_generator.sh) to install and update the hosts file using this project on macOS. In combination with a [launchd](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/com.hostsfile.install_update.plist) it updates the hosts file every x days (default is 4). To install both download the GitHub repo and run the [install script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/install_hosts_file_generator_and_launchdservice.sh) from the directory one level up.
-
-* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources. This is a very interesting project to set up yourself, or you can [buy one pre-loaded](https://uk.pi-supply.com/products/pi-hole-poe-edition-the-network-wide-ad-blocker).
-
+* [macOS Scripting for Configuration, Backup and Restore](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config) helps customizing, re-installing and using macOS. It also provides a [script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/hosts_file_generator.sh) to install and update the hosts file using this project on macOS. In combination with a [launchd](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/com.hostsfile.install_update.plist) it updates the hosts file every x days (default is 4). To install both, download the GitHub repo and run the [install script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/install_hosts_file_generator_and_launchdservice.sh) from the directory one level up.
+* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources.
 * [Block ads and malware via local BIND9 DNS server](https://github.com/mueller-ma/block-ads-via-dns "Block ads and malware via local DNS server") (for Debian, Raspbian & Ubuntu): Set up a local DNS server with a `/etc/bind/named.conf.blocked` file, sourced from here.
-
 * [Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server](https://scripttiger.github.io/dualserver/ "Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server") (for BSD, Windows & Linux): Set up a blacklist for everyone on your network using the power of the unified hosts reformatted for DualServer. And if you're on Windows, this project also maintains an update script to make updating DualServer's blacklist even easier.
-
 * [Blocking ads and malwares with unbound](https://deadc0de.re/articles/unbound-blocking-ads.html "Blocking ads and malwares with unbound") – [Unbound](https://www.unbound.net/ "Unbound is a validating, recursive, and caching DNS resolver.") is a validating, recursive, and caching DNS resolver.
+* [dnsmasq conversion script](https://gist.github.com/erlepereira/c11f4f7a3f60cd2071e79018e895fc8a#file-dnsmasq-antimalware) This GitHub gist has a short shell script (bash, will work on any 'nix) and uses `wget` & `awk` present in most distros, to fetch a specified hosts file and convert it to the format required by dnsmasq. Supports IPv4 and IPv6. Designed to be used as either a shell script, or can be dropped into `/etc/cron.weekly` (or wherever suits). The script is short and easily edited, also has a short document attached with notes on dnsmasq setup.
+* [BlackHosts - Command Line Installer/Updater](https://github.com/Lateralus138/blackhosts) This is a cross-platform command line utility to help install/update hosts files found at this repository.
+* [dnscrypt-proxy](https://github.com/DNSCrypt/dnscrypt-proxy/wiki/Combining-Blocklists) provides a tool to build block lists from local and remote lists in common formats.

-* [dnsmasq conversion script](https://gist.github.com/erlepereira/c11f4f7a3f60cd2071e79018e895fc8a#file-dnsmasq-antimalware) This GitHub gist has a short shell script (bash, will work on any 'nix) and uses `wget` & `awk` present in most distros, to fetch a specified hosts file and convert it the format required by dnsmasq. Supports IPv4 and IPv6. Designed to be used as either a shell script, or can be dropped into /etc/cron.weekly (or wherever suits). The script is short and easily edited, also has a short document attached with notes on dnsmasq setup.
-
-## Contribute!
+## Contribute

 Please read our [Contributing Guide](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/contributing.md). Among other things, this explains how we organize files and folders in this repository.

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
----
 **Take Note!**
- This version of the Hosts file generator, and tests, are for Python 3.5+ only.
- With the exception of issues and PRs regarding changes to `hosts/data/StevenBlack/hosts`, all other issues regarding the content of the produced hosts files should be made with the appropriate data source that contributed the content in question. The contact information for all of the data sources can be found in the `hosts/data/` directory.
+
+* With the exception of issues and PRs regarding changes to `hosts/data/StevenBlack/hosts`, all other issues regarding the content of the produced hosts files should be made with the appropriate data source that contributed the content in question. The contact information for all of the data sources can be found in the `hosts/data/` directory.
+
 ----

 ![Logo](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/.github/logo.png)
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 [![license](https://img.shields.io/github/license/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/license.txt)
 [![repo size](https://img.shields.io/github/repo-size/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts)
 [![contributors](https://img.shields.io/github/contributors/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/graphs/contributors)
-[![Build Status](https://img.shields.io/travis/StevenBlack/hosts/master.svg)](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts)
+[![Build Status](https://img.shields.io/github/workflow/status/StevenBlack/hosts/CI/master)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/actions?query=workflow%3ACI+branch%3Amaster)
 [![Code style: black](https://img.shields.io/badge/code%20style-black-000000.svg)](https://github.com/python/black)
 [![commits since last release](https://img.shields.io/github/commits-since/StevenBlack/hosts/latest.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
 [![last commit](https://img.shields.io/github/last-commit/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
@@ -21,37 +21,36 @@
 This repository consolidates several reputable `hosts` files, and merges them
 into a unified hosts file with duplicates removed.  A variety of tailored hosts files are provided.

-* Last updated: **April 07 2020**.
-* Here's the [raw hosts file with fakenews, porn, social extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) containing 74,953 entries.
+* Last updated: **May 05 2022**.
+* Here's the [raw hosts file with fakenews, porn, social extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) containing 161,458 entries.
 * Logo by [@Tobaloidee](https://github.com/Tobaloidee).

-
 ## List of all hosts file variants

 This repository offers [15 different host file variants](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates), in addition to the base variant.

 The **Non GitHub mirror** is the link to use for some hosts file managers like
-[Hostsman for Windows](http://www.abelhadigital.com/hostsman/) that don't work
+[Hostsman for Windows](https://www.abelhadigital.com/hostsman/) that don't work
 with GitHub download links.

 Host file recipe | Readme | Raw hosts | Unique domains | Non GitHub mirror
 ---------------- |:------:|:---------:|:--------------:|:-------------:
-Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 54,456 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 55,398 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 56,777 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 71,261 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 57,207 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 57,719 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 72,203 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 58,149 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 73,582 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 59,528 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 74,011 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 74,524 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 60,470 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 74,953 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 76,332 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 77,274 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 113,498 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 115,693 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 116,036 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 156,450 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 116,313 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 118,231 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 158,644 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 118,508 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 158,988 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 118,851 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 159,264 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 161,183 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 121,046 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 161,458 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 161,802 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 163,997 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)


 **Expectation**: These unified hosts files should serve all devices, regardless
@@ -65,31 +64,34 @@ included:
 Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License | Issues
 -----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:----------------:|:-------:|:------:
 Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues)
-Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone' | [issues](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/contact.php)
-add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-hostsVN | Hosts block ads of Vietnamese |[link](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/master/option/hosts-VN) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/issues)
-add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org/) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution | [issues](hosts@someonewhocares.org)
-MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com)
-yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org)
+AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | frequently | CC BY 3.0 | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/issues)
+add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+AdguardTeam cname trackers | CNAME-cloaked tracking abuses. |[link](https://github.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers/master/combined_disguised_trackers_justdomains.txt) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers/issues)
 Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/issues)
-URLHaus | A project from [abuse.ch](https://abuse.ch/) with the goal of sharing malicious URLs. |[link](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/) | [raw](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/downloads/hostfile/) | weekly | CC0 | [issues](mailto:cosntacptamem@abuse.ch)
-UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://kadantiscam.netlify.com/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/master/KADhosts_without_controversies.txt) | frequently | CC BY-SA 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/issues)
-AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0 | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/AdAway/issues)
-add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+hostsVN | Hosts block ads of Vietnamese |[link](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/master/option/hosts-VN) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/issues)
+KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://kadantiscam.netlify.app/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | CC BY-SA 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/issues)
+MetaMask eth-phishing-detect | Phishing domains targeting Ethereum users. |[link](https://github.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect/master/src/hosts.txt) | frequent | DON'T BE A DICK PUBLIC LICENSE | [issues](https://github.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect/issues)
+minecraft-hosts | Minecraft related tracker hosts |[link](https://github.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts/master/lists/tracking.txt) | occasionally | CC0-1.0 | [issues](https://github.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts/issues)
+MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](https://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](https://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com)
+shady-hosts | Analytics, ad, and activity monitoring hosts |[link](https://github.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts/main/hosts) | occasionally | CC0-1.0 | [issues](https://github.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts/issues)
+Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org/) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution | [issues](mailto:hosts@someonewhocares.org)
 Tiuxo hostlist - ads | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/ads) | occasional | CC BY 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues)
+UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+URLHaus | A project from [abuse.ch](https://abuse.ch/) with the goal of sharing malicious URLs. |[link](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/) | [raw](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/downloads/hostfile/) | weekly | CC0 | [issues](mailto:contactme@abuse.ch)
+yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org)
 Fake News | An in-progress collection of fake news outlets. |[link](https://github.com/marktron/fakenews) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/marktron/fakenews/master/fakenews) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/marktron/fakenews/issues)
-Sinfonietta's snuff-site blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/snuff-hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues)
-pornhosts -- a consolidated anti porn hosts file | This is an endeavour to find all porn domains and compile them into a single hosts to allow for easy blocking of porn on your local machine or on a network. |[link](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/master/0.0.0.0/hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/issues)
+brijrajparmar27 - pornography | hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/brijrajparmar27/host-sources) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/brijrajparmar27/host-sources/master/Porn/hosts) | occasional | CC BY 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/brijrajparmar27/host-sources/issues)
+pornhosts -- a consolidated anti porn hosts file | This is an endeavour to find all porn domains and compile them into a single hosts to allow for easy blocking of porn on your local machine or on a network. |[link](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/extensions/porn/clefspeare13/hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/issues)
 Sinfonietta's porn blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/pornography-hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues)
+Sinfonietta's snuff-site blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/snuff-hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues)
 Tiuxo hostlist - pornography | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/porn) | occasional | CC BY 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues)
 Sinfonietta's social media blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/social-hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues)
 Tiuxo hostlist - social | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/social) | occasional | CC BY 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues)


-
 ## Extensions

 The unified hosts file is optionally extensible.  Extensions are used to include domains by category.  Currently, we offer the following categories: `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn`.
@@ -101,7 +103,28 @@ folder tree, where you will find the data for `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`,

 ## Generate your own unified hosts file

-To generate your own unified hosts file you will need Python 3.5 or later.
+You have two options to generate your own hosts file.  You can do it in your own environment, or within a Docker container.  We'll cover Docker first because it's a short section.
+
+### Option 1: Generate in a Docker container
+
+We provide a [Dockerfile](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/Dockerfile) that you can use to create a Docker container with everything you need.
+The container will contain Python 3 and all its dependency requirements, and a copy of the latest version of this repository.
+
+Build the Docker container like this:
+
+```sh
+docker build ./
+```
+
+Access the terminal like this:
+
+```sh
+docker run -it (containerid) bash
+```
+
+### Option 2: Generate it in your own environment
+
+To generate your own amalgamated hosts files you will need Python 3.6 or later.

 First, install the dependencies with:

@@ -111,7 +134,9 @@ pip3 install --user -r requirements.txt

 **Note** we recommend the `--user` flag which installs the required dependencies at the user level. More information about it can be found on pip [documentation](https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip_install/?highlight=--user#cmdoption-user).

-To run unit tests, in the top-level directory, run:
+### Common steps regardless of your development environment
+
+To **run unit tests**, in the top-level directory, run:

 ```sh
 python3 testUpdateHostsFile.py
@@ -122,15 +147,11 @@ local `data/` subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch upd
 (from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each source's folder). Otherwise, it
 will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

-### Usage
-
-#### Using Python 3:
-
 ```sh
 python3 updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]
 ```

-#### Command line options:
+#### Command line options

 `--help`, or `-h`: display help.

@@ -170,6 +191,11 @@ in a subfolder.  If the subfolder does not exist, it will be created.
 section at the top, containing lines like `127.0.0.1 localhost`.  This is
 useful for configuring proximate DNS services on the local network.

+`--nogendata`, or `-g`: `false` (default) or `true`, skip the generation of the
+readmeData.json file used for generating readme.md files.  This is useful if you are
+generating host files with additional whitelists or blacklists and want to keep your
+local checkout of this repo unmodified.
+
 `--compress`, or `-c`: `false` (default) or `true`, *Compress* the hosts file
 ignoring non-necessary lines (empty lines and comments) and putting multiple
 domains in each line. Reducing the number of lines of the hosts file improves
@@ -180,6 +206,12 @@ each domain on a separate line. This is necessary because many implementations
 of URL blockers that rely on `hosts` files do not conform to the standard which
 allows multiple hosts on a single line.

+`--blacklist <blacklistfile>`, or `-x <blacklistfile>`: Append the given blacklist file
+in hosts format to the generated hosts file.
+
+`--whitelist <whitelistfile>`, or `-w <whitelistfile>`: Use the given whitelist file
+to remove hosts from the generated hosts file.
+
 ## How do I control which sources are unified?

 Add one or more *additional* sources, each in a subfolder of the `data/`
@@ -226,8 +258,7 @@ If you discover sketchy domains you feel should be included here, here are some

 The best way to get new domains included is to submit an issue to any of the data providers whose home pages are [listed here](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts#sources-of-hosts-data-unified-in-this-variant). This is best because once you submit new domains, they will be curated and updated by the dedicated folks who maintain these sources.

-
-### Option 2: add your domains to Steven Black's personal data file
+### Option 2: Fork this repository, add your domains to Steven Black's personal data file, and submit a pull request

 Fork this hosts this repo and add your links to [https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts).

@@ -239,7 +270,6 @@ Then, submit a pull request.

 If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existence of your repo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.

-
 ## What is a hosts file?

 A hosts file, named `hosts` (with no file extension), is a plain-text file
@@ -278,22 +308,69 @@ interfere with a web server that may be running on the local PC.

 We tried that.  Using `0` doesn't work universally.

-
 ## Location of your hosts file

 To modify your current `hosts` file, look for it in the following places and modify it with a text
 editor.

-**macOS (until 10.14.x macOS Mojave), iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.
-
-**macOS Catalina:** `/private/etc/hosts` file.
-
-**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.
+* **macOS (until 10.14.x macOS Mojave), iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.
+* **macOS Catalina:** `/private/etc/hosts` file.
+* **Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.

 ## Gentoo

 Gentoo users may find [`sb-hosts`](https://github.com/PF4Public/gentoo-overlay/tree/master/net-misc/sb-hosts) in [::pf4public](https://github.com/PF4Public/gentoo-overlay) Gentoo overlay

+## NixOS
+
+To install hosts file on your machine add the following into your `configuration.nix`:
+
+```nix
+{
+  networking.extraHosts = let
+    hostsPath = https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts;
+    hostsFile = builtins.fetchurl hostsPath;
+  in builtins.readFile "${hostsFile}";
+}
+```
+
+* NOTE: Change `hostsPath` if you need other versions of hosts file.
+* NOTE: The call to `fetchurl` is impure.
+Use `fetchFromGitHub` with the exact commit if you want to always get the same result.
+
+### Nix Flake
+
+NixOS installations which are managed through *flakes* can use the hosts file like this:
+
+```nix
+{
+  inputs.hosts.url = github:StevenBlack/hosts;
+  outputs = { self, nixpkgs, hosts }: {
+    nixosConfigurations.my-hostname = {
+      system = "<architecture>";
+      modules = [
+        hosts.nixosModule {
+          networking.stevenBlackHosts.enable = true;
+        }
+      ];
+    };
+  };
+}
+```
+
+The hosts extensions are also available with the following options:
+
+```nix
+{
+  networking.stevenBlackHosts = {
+    blockFakenews = true;
+    blockGambling = true;
+    blockPorn = true;
+    blockSocial = true;
+  };
+}
+```
+
 ## Updating hosts file on Windows

 (NOTE: See also some third-party Hosts managers, listed below.)
@@ -312,26 +389,27 @@ saying that for this to work, you must be connected to the internet.

 To open a command prompt as administrator in the repository's directory, do the following:

-**Windows XP**: Start → Run → `cmd`
-
-**Windows Vista, 7**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
-
-**Windows 8**: Start → Swipe Up → All Apps → Windows System → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
-
-**Windows 10**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows XP**: Start → Run → `cmd`
+* **Windows Vista, 7**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows 8**: Start → Swipe Up → All Apps → Windows System → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows 10**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"

 You can also refer to the "Third-Party Hosts Managers" section for further recommended solutions from third parties.

+### Warning: Using this `hosts` file in Windows may require disabling DNS Cache service
+
+Windows has issues with larger hosts files. Recent changes in security within Windows 10 denies
+access to changing services via other tools except registry hacks. Use the `disable-dnscache-service-win.cmd`
+file to make proper changes to the Windows registry. You will need to reboot your device once that's done.
+See the [the comments within the `cmd` file](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/disable-dnscache-service-win.cmd)
+for more details.
+
 ## Reloading hosts file

 Your operating system will cache DNS lookups. You can either reboot or run the following commands to
 manually flush your DNS cache once the new hosts file is in place.

-| The Google Chrome browser may require manually cleaning up its DNS Cache on `chrome://net-internals/#dns` page to thereafter see the changes in your hosts file. See: <https://superuser.com/questions/723703>
-:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+The Google Chrome browser may require manually cleaning up its DNS Cache on `chrome://net-internals/#dns` page to thereafter see the changes in your hosts file. See: <https://superuser.com/questions/723703>

 ### Windows

@@ -341,47 +419,34 @@ Open a command prompt with administrator privileges and run this command:
 ipconfig /flushdns
 ```

-Before flushing the DNS cache, open a command prompt with administrator privileges and run this command:
-
-```bat
-sc config "Dnscache" start=disabled
-sc stop "Dnscache"
-```
-
 ### Linux

 Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

-**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+* **Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+* **Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`
+* **Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`
+* **Fedora Linux**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+* **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Network Manager**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+* **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`
+* **RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
+* **FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`

-**Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`
+  To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:

-**Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`
+  ```sh
+  sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
+  sudo service nscd start
+  ```

-**Fedora Linux**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+  Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:

-**Arch Linux/Manjaro with Network Manager**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+  ```text
+  hosts: cache files dns
+  ```

-**Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`
-
-**RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
-
-**FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`
-
-To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:
-
-```sh
-sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
-sudo service nscd start
-```
-
-Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:
-
-```text
-hosts: cache files dns
-```
-
-**Others**: Consult [this Wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).
+* **NixOS**: The `nscd.service` is automatically restarted when the option `networking.extraHosts` was changed.
+* **Others**: Consult [this Wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).

 ### macOS

@@ -403,11 +468,8 @@ This is why the [package.json](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/
 The goals of this repo are to:

 1. automatically combine high-quality lists of hosts,
-
 2. provide situation-appropriate extensions,
-
 3. de-dupe the resultant combined list,
-
 4. and keep the resultant file reasonably sized.

 A high-quality source is defined here as one that is actively curated.  A
@@ -421,26 +483,24 @@ devices under a variety of operating systems.
 ## Third-Party Hosts Managers

 * [Unified Hosts AutoUpdate](https://github.com/ScriptTiger/Unified-Hosts-AutoUpdate "Unified Hosts AutoUpdate") (for Windows): The Unified Hosts AutoUpdate package is purpose-built for this unified hosts project as well as in active development by community members. You can install and uninstall any blacklist and keep it automatically up to date, and can be placed in a shared network location and deployed across an organization via group policies. And since it is in active development by community members, your bug reports, feature requests, and other feedback are most welcome.
-
 * [ViHoMa](https://github.com/cmabad/ViHoMa) is a Visual Hosts file Manager, written in Java, by Christian Martínez.  Check it out!

 ## Interesting Applications

+* [Hosts-BL](https://github.com/ScriptTiger/Hosts-BL "Hosts-BL") is a simple tool to handle hosts file black lists. It can remove comments, remove duplicates, compress to 9 domains per line, add IPv6 entries. In addition, it can also convert black lists to multiple other black list formats compatible with other software, such as dnsmasq, DualServer, RPZ, Privoxy, and Unbound, to name a few.
+* [Host Minder](https://github.com/jeremehancock/hostminder#readme) is a simple GUI that allows you to easily update your /etc/hosts file to one of four consolidated hosts files from StevenBlack/hosts. It is provided as a deb package and comes pre-installed on [UbuntuCE](https://ubuntuce.com/).
+* [Maza ad blocking](https://github.com/tanrax/maza-ad-blocking) is a bash script that automatically updates host file. You can also update a fresh copy. And each time it generates a dnsmasq-compatible configuration file. Fast installation, compatible with MacOS, Linux and BSD.
 * [Hostile](https://github.com/feross/hostile) is a nifty command line utility to easily add or remove domains from your hosts file.  If our hosts files are too aggressive for you, you can use `hostile` to remove domains, or you can use `hostile` in a bash script to automate a post process each time you download fresh versions of hosts.
-
-* [macOS Scripting for Configuration, Backup and Restore](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config) helps customizing, re-installing and using macOS. It also provides a [script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/hosts_file_generator.sh) to install and update the hosts file using this project on macOS. In combination with a [launchd](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/com.hostsfile.install_update.plist) it updates the hosts file every x days (default is 4). To install both download the GitHub repo and run the [install script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/install_hosts_file_generator_and_launchdservice.sh) from the directory one level up.
-
-* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources. This is a very interesting project to set up yourself, or you can [buy one pre-loaded](https://uk.pi-supply.com/products/pi-hole-poe-edition-the-network-wide-ad-blocker).
-
+* [macOS Scripting for Configuration, Backup and Restore](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config) helps customizing, re-installing and using macOS. It also provides a [script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/hosts_file_generator.sh) to install and update the hosts file using this project on macOS. In combination with a [launchd](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/com.hostsfile.install_update.plist) it updates the hosts file every x days (default is 4). To install both, download the GitHub repo and run the [install script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/install_hosts_file_generator_and_launchdservice.sh) from the directory one level up.
+* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources.
 * [Block ads and malware via local BIND9 DNS server](https://github.com/mueller-ma/block-ads-via-dns "Block ads and malware via local DNS server") (for Debian, Raspbian & Ubuntu): Set up a local DNS server with a `/etc/bind/named.conf.blocked` file, sourced from here.
-
 * [Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server](https://scripttiger.github.io/dualserver/ "Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server") (for BSD, Windows & Linux): Set up a blacklist for everyone on your network using the power of the unified hosts reformatted for DualServer. And if you're on Windows, this project also maintains an update script to make updating DualServer's blacklist even easier.
-
 * [Blocking ads and malwares with unbound](https://deadc0de.re/articles/unbound-blocking-ads.html "Blocking ads and malwares with unbound") – [Unbound](https://www.unbound.net/ "Unbound is a validating, recursive, and caching DNS resolver.") is a validating, recursive, and caching DNS resolver.
+* [dnsmasq conversion script](https://gist.github.com/erlepereira/c11f4f7a3f60cd2071e79018e895fc8a#file-dnsmasq-antimalware) This GitHub gist has a short shell script (bash, will work on any 'nix) and uses `wget` & `awk` present in most distros, to fetch a specified hosts file and convert it to the format required by dnsmasq. Supports IPv4 and IPv6. Designed to be used as either a shell script, or can be dropped into `/etc/cron.weekly` (or wherever suits). The script is short and easily edited, also has a short document attached with notes on dnsmasq setup.
+* [BlackHosts - Command Line Installer/Updater](https://github.com/Lateralus138/blackhosts) This is a cross-platform command line utility to help install/update hosts files found at this repository.
+* [dnscrypt-proxy](https://github.com/DNSCrypt/dnscrypt-proxy/wiki/Combining-Blocklists) provides a tool to build block lists from local and remote lists in common formats.

-* [dnsmasq conversion script](https://gist.github.com/erlepereira/c11f4f7a3f60cd2071e79018e895fc8a#file-dnsmasq-antimalware) This GitHub gist has a short shell script (bash, will work on any 'nix) and uses `wget` & `awk` present in most distros, to fetch a specified hosts file and convert it the format required by dnsmasq. Supports IPv4 and IPv6. Designed to be used as either a shell script, or can be dropped into /etc/cron.weekly (or wherever suits). The script is short and easily edited, also has a short document attached with notes on dnsmasq setup.
-
-## Contribute!
+## Contribute

 Please read our [Contributing Guide](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/contributing.md). Among other things, this explains how we organize files and folders in this repository.

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
----
 **Take Note!**
- This version of the Hosts file generator, and tests, are for Python 3.5+ only.
- With the exception of issues and PRs regarding changes to `hosts/data/StevenBlack/hosts`, all other issues regarding the content of the produced hosts files should be made with the appropriate data source that contributed the content in question. The contact information for all of the data sources can be found in the `hosts/data/` directory.
+
+* With the exception of issues and PRs regarding changes to `hosts/data/StevenBlack/hosts`, all other issues regarding the content of the produced hosts files should be made with the appropriate data source that contributed the content in question. The contact information for all of the data sources can be found in the `hosts/data/` directory.
+
 ----

 ![Logo](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/.github/logo.png)
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 [![license](https://img.shields.io/github/license/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/license.txt)
 [![repo size](https://img.shields.io/github/repo-size/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts)
 [![contributors](https://img.shields.io/github/contributors/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/graphs/contributors)
-[![Build Status](https://img.shields.io/travis/StevenBlack/hosts/master.svg)](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts)
+[![Build Status](https://img.shields.io/github/workflow/status/StevenBlack/hosts/CI/master)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/actions?query=workflow%3ACI+branch%3Amaster)
 [![Code style: black](https://img.shields.io/badge/code%20style-black-000000.svg)](https://github.com/python/black)
 [![commits since last release](https://img.shields.io/github/commits-since/StevenBlack/hosts/latest.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
 [![last commit](https://img.shields.io/github/last-commit/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
@@ -21,37 +21,36 @@
 This repository consolidates several reputable `hosts` files, and merges them
 into a unified hosts file with duplicates removed.  A variety of tailored hosts files are provided.

-* Last updated: **April 07 2020**.
-* Here's the [raw hosts file with fakenews, porn extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) containing 72,203 entries.
+* Last updated: **May 05 2022**.
+* Here's the [raw hosts file with fakenews, porn extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) containing 158,644 entries.
 * Logo by [@Tobaloidee](https://github.com/Tobaloidee).

-
 ## List of all hosts file variants

 This repository offers [15 different host file variants](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates), in addition to the base variant.

 The **Non GitHub mirror** is the link to use for some hosts file managers like
-[Hostsman for Windows](http://www.abelhadigital.com/hostsman/) that don't work
+[Hostsman for Windows](https://www.abelhadigital.com/hostsman/) that don't work
 with GitHub download links.

 Host file recipe | Readme | Raw hosts | Unique domains | Non GitHub mirror
 ---------------- |:------:|:---------:|:--------------:|:-------------:
-Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 54,456 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 55,398 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 56,777 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 71,261 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 57,207 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 57,719 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 72,203 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 58,149 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 73,582 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 59,528 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 74,011 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 74,524 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 60,470 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 74,953 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 76,332 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 77,274 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 113,498 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 115,693 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 116,036 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 156,450 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 116,313 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 118,231 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 158,644 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 118,508 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 158,988 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 118,851 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 159,264 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 161,183 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 121,046 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 161,458 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 161,802 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 163,997 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)


 **Expectation**: These unified hosts files should serve all devices, regardless
@@ -65,29 +64,32 @@ included:
 Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License | Issues
 -----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:----------------:|:-------:|:------:
 Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues)
-Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone' | [issues](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/contact.php)
-add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-hostsVN | Hosts block ads of Vietnamese |[link](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/master/option/hosts-VN) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/issues)
-add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org/) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution | [issues](hosts@someonewhocares.org)
-MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com)
-yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org)
+AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | frequently | CC BY 3.0 | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/issues)
+add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+AdguardTeam cname trackers | CNAME-cloaked tracking abuses. |[link](https://github.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers/master/combined_disguised_trackers_justdomains.txt) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers/issues)
 Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/issues)
-URLHaus | A project from [abuse.ch](https://abuse.ch/) with the goal of sharing malicious URLs. |[link](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/) | [raw](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/downloads/hostfile/) | weekly | CC0 | [issues](mailto:cosntacptamem@abuse.ch)
-UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://kadantiscam.netlify.com/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/master/KADhosts_without_controversies.txt) | frequently | CC BY-SA 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/issues)
-AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0 | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/AdAway/issues)
-add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+hostsVN | Hosts block ads of Vietnamese |[link](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/master/option/hosts-VN) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/issues)
+KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://kadantiscam.netlify.app/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | CC BY-SA 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/issues)
+MetaMask eth-phishing-detect | Phishing domains targeting Ethereum users. |[link](https://github.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect/master/src/hosts.txt) | frequent | DON'T BE A DICK PUBLIC LICENSE | [issues](https://github.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect/issues)
+minecraft-hosts | Minecraft related tracker hosts |[link](https://github.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts/master/lists/tracking.txt) | occasionally | CC0-1.0 | [issues](https://github.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts/issues)
+MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](https://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](https://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com)
+shady-hosts | Analytics, ad, and activity monitoring hosts |[link](https://github.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts/main/hosts) | occasionally | CC0-1.0 | [issues](https://github.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts/issues)
+Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org/) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution | [issues](mailto:hosts@someonewhocares.org)
 Tiuxo hostlist - ads | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/ads) | occasional | CC BY 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues)
+UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+URLHaus | A project from [abuse.ch](https://abuse.ch/) with the goal of sharing malicious URLs. |[link](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/) | [raw](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/downloads/hostfile/) | weekly | CC0 | [issues](mailto:contactme@abuse.ch)
+yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org)
 Fake News | An in-progress collection of fake news outlets. |[link](https://github.com/marktron/fakenews) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/marktron/fakenews/master/fakenews) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/marktron/fakenews/issues)
-Sinfonietta's snuff-site blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/snuff-hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues)
-pornhosts -- a consolidated anti porn hosts file | This is an endeavour to find all porn domains and compile them into a single hosts to allow for easy blocking of porn on your local machine or on a network. |[link](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/master/0.0.0.0/hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/issues)
+brijrajparmar27 - pornography | hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/brijrajparmar27/host-sources) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/brijrajparmar27/host-sources/master/Porn/hosts) | occasional | CC BY 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/brijrajparmar27/host-sources/issues)
+pornhosts -- a consolidated anti porn hosts file | This is an endeavour to find all porn domains and compile them into a single hosts to allow for easy blocking of porn on your local machine or on a network. |[link](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/extensions/porn/clefspeare13/hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/issues)
 Sinfonietta's porn blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/pornography-hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues)
+Sinfonietta's snuff-site blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/snuff-hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues)
 Tiuxo hostlist - pornography | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/porn) | occasional | CC BY 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues)


-
 ## Extensions

 The unified hosts file is optionally extensible.  Extensions are used to include domains by category.  Currently, we offer the following categories: `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn`.
@@ -99,7 +101,28 @@ folder tree, where you will find the data for `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`,

 ## Generate your own unified hosts file

-To generate your own unified hosts file you will need Python 3.5 or later.
+You have two options to generate your own hosts file.  You can do it in your own environment, or within a Docker container.  We'll cover Docker first because it's a short section.
+
+### Option 1: Generate in a Docker container
+
+We provide a [Dockerfile](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/Dockerfile) that you can use to create a Docker container with everything you need.
+The container will contain Python 3 and all its dependency requirements, and a copy of the latest version of this repository.
+
+Build the Docker container like this:
+
+```sh
+docker build ./
+```
+
+Access the terminal like this:
+
+```sh
+docker run -it (containerid) bash
+```
+
+### Option 2: Generate it in your own environment
+
+To generate your own amalgamated hosts files you will need Python 3.6 or later.

 First, install the dependencies with:

@@ -109,7 +132,9 @@ pip3 install --user -r requirements.txt

 **Note** we recommend the `--user` flag which installs the required dependencies at the user level. More information about it can be found on pip [documentation](https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip_install/?highlight=--user#cmdoption-user).

-To run unit tests, in the top-level directory, run:
+### Common steps regardless of your development environment
+
+To **run unit tests**, in the top-level directory, run:

 ```sh
 python3 testUpdateHostsFile.py
@@ -120,15 +145,11 @@ local `data/` subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch upd
 (from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each source's folder). Otherwise, it
 will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

-### Usage
-
-#### Using Python 3:
-
 ```sh
 python3 updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]
 ```

-#### Command line options:
+#### Command line options

 `--help`, or `-h`: display help.

@@ -168,6 +189,11 @@ in a subfolder.  If the subfolder does not exist, it will be created.
 section at the top, containing lines like `127.0.0.1 localhost`.  This is
 useful for configuring proximate DNS services on the local network.

+`--nogendata`, or `-g`: `false` (default) or `true`, skip the generation of the
+readmeData.json file used for generating readme.md files.  This is useful if you are
+generating host files with additional whitelists or blacklists and want to keep your
+local checkout of this repo unmodified.
+
 `--compress`, or `-c`: `false` (default) or `true`, *Compress* the hosts file
 ignoring non-necessary lines (empty lines and comments) and putting multiple
 domains in each line. Reducing the number of lines of the hosts file improves
@@ -178,6 +204,12 @@ each domain on a separate line. This is necessary because many implementations
 of URL blockers that rely on `hosts` files do not conform to the standard which
 allows multiple hosts on a single line.

+`--blacklist <blacklistfile>`, or `-x <blacklistfile>`: Append the given blacklist file
+in hosts format to the generated hosts file.
+
+`--whitelist <whitelistfile>`, or `-w <whitelistfile>`: Use the given whitelist file
+to remove hosts from the generated hosts file.
+
 ## How do I control which sources are unified?

 Add one or more *additional* sources, each in a subfolder of the `data/`
@@ -224,8 +256,7 @@ If you discover sketchy domains you feel should be included here, here are some

 The best way to get new domains included is to submit an issue to any of the data providers whose home pages are [listed here](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts#sources-of-hosts-data-unified-in-this-variant). This is best because once you submit new domains, they will be curated and updated by the dedicated folks who maintain these sources.

-
-### Option 2: add your domains to Steven Black's personal data file
+### Option 2: Fork this repository, add your domains to Steven Black's personal data file, and submit a pull request

 Fork this hosts this repo and add your links to [https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts).

@@ -237,7 +268,6 @@ Then, submit a pull request.

 If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existence of your repo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.

-
 ## What is a hosts file?

 A hosts file, named `hosts` (with no file extension), is a plain-text file
@@ -276,22 +306,69 @@ interfere with a web server that may be running on the local PC.

 We tried that.  Using `0` doesn't work universally.

-
 ## Location of your hosts file

 To modify your current `hosts` file, look for it in the following places and modify it with a text
 editor.

-**macOS (until 10.14.x macOS Mojave), iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.
-
-**macOS Catalina:** `/private/etc/hosts` file.
-
-**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.
+* **macOS (until 10.14.x macOS Mojave), iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.
+* **macOS Catalina:** `/private/etc/hosts` file.
+* **Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.

 ## Gentoo

 Gentoo users may find [`sb-hosts`](https://github.com/PF4Public/gentoo-overlay/tree/master/net-misc/sb-hosts) in [::pf4public](https://github.com/PF4Public/gentoo-overlay) Gentoo overlay

+## NixOS
+
+To install hosts file on your machine add the following into your `configuration.nix`:
+
+```nix
+{
+  networking.extraHosts = let
+    hostsPath = https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts;
+    hostsFile = builtins.fetchurl hostsPath;
+  in builtins.readFile "${hostsFile}";
+}
+```
+
+* NOTE: Change `hostsPath` if you need other versions of hosts file.
+* NOTE: The call to `fetchurl` is impure.
+Use `fetchFromGitHub` with the exact commit if you want to always get the same result.
+
+### Nix Flake
+
+NixOS installations which are managed through *flakes* can use the hosts file like this:
+
+```nix
+{
+  inputs.hosts.url = github:StevenBlack/hosts;
+  outputs = { self, nixpkgs, hosts }: {
+    nixosConfigurations.my-hostname = {
+      system = "<architecture>";
+      modules = [
+        hosts.nixosModule {
+          networking.stevenBlackHosts.enable = true;
+        }
+      ];
+    };
+  };
+}
+```
+
+The hosts extensions are also available with the following options:
+
+```nix
+{
+  networking.stevenBlackHosts = {
+    blockFakenews = true;
+    blockGambling = true;
+    blockPorn = true;
+    blockSocial = true;
+  };
+}
+```
+
 ## Updating hosts file on Windows

 (NOTE: See also some third-party Hosts managers, listed below.)
@@ -310,26 +387,27 @@ saying that for this to work, you must be connected to the internet.

 To open a command prompt as administrator in the repository's directory, do the following:

-**Windows XP**: Start → Run → `cmd`
-
-**Windows Vista, 7**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
-
-**Windows 8**: Start → Swipe Up → All Apps → Windows System → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
-
-**Windows 10**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows XP**: Start → Run → `cmd`
+* **Windows Vista, 7**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows 8**: Start → Swipe Up → All Apps → Windows System → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows 10**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"

 You can also refer to the "Third-Party Hosts Managers" section for further recommended solutions from third parties.

+### Warning: Using this `hosts` file in Windows may require disabling DNS Cache service
+
+Windows has issues with larger hosts files. Recent changes in security within Windows 10 denies
+access to changing services via other tools except registry hacks. Use the `disable-dnscache-service-win.cmd`
+file to make proper changes to the Windows registry. You will need to reboot your device once that's done.
+See the [the comments within the `cmd` file](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/disable-dnscache-service-win.cmd)
+for more details.
+
 ## Reloading hosts file

 Your operating system will cache DNS lookups. You can either reboot or run the following commands to
 manually flush your DNS cache once the new hosts file is in place.

-| The Google Chrome browser may require manually cleaning up its DNS Cache on `chrome://net-internals/#dns` page to thereafter see the changes in your hosts file. See: <https://superuser.com/questions/723703>
-:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+The Google Chrome browser may require manually cleaning up its DNS Cache on `chrome://net-internals/#dns` page to thereafter see the changes in your hosts file. See: <https://superuser.com/questions/723703>

 ### Windows

@@ -339,47 +417,34 @@ Open a command prompt with administrator privileges and run this command:
 ipconfig /flushdns
 ```

-Before flushing the DNS cache, open a command prompt with administrator privileges and run this command:
-
-```bat
-sc config "Dnscache" start=disabled
-sc stop "Dnscache"
-```
-
 ### Linux

 Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

-**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+* **Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+* **Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`
+* **Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`
+* **Fedora Linux**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+* **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Network Manager**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+* **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`
+* **RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
+* **FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`

-**Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`
+  To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:

-**Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`
+  ```sh
+  sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
+  sudo service nscd start
+  ```

-**Fedora Linux**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+  Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:

-**Arch Linux/Manjaro with Network Manager**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+  ```text
+  hosts: cache files dns
+  ```

-**Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`
-
-**RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
-
-**FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`
-
-To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:
-
-```sh
-sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
-sudo service nscd start
-```
-
-Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:
-
-```text
-hosts: cache files dns
-```
-
-**Others**: Consult [this Wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).
+* **NixOS**: The `nscd.service` is automatically restarted when the option `networking.extraHosts` was changed.
+* **Others**: Consult [this Wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).

 ### macOS

@@ -401,11 +466,8 @@ This is why the [package.json](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/
 The goals of this repo are to:

 1. automatically combine high-quality lists of hosts,
-
 2. provide situation-appropriate extensions,
-
 3. de-dupe the resultant combined list,
-
 4. and keep the resultant file reasonably sized.

 A high-quality source is defined here as one that is actively curated.  A
@@ -419,26 +481,24 @@ devices under a variety of operating systems.
 ## Third-Party Hosts Managers

 * [Unified Hosts AutoUpdate](https://github.com/ScriptTiger/Unified-Hosts-AutoUpdate "Unified Hosts AutoUpdate") (for Windows): The Unified Hosts AutoUpdate package is purpose-built for this unified hosts project as well as in active development by community members. You can install and uninstall any blacklist and keep it automatically up to date, and can be placed in a shared network location and deployed across an organization via group policies. And since it is in active development by community members, your bug reports, feature requests, and other feedback are most welcome.
-
 * [ViHoMa](https://github.com/cmabad/ViHoMa) is a Visual Hosts file Manager, written in Java, by Christian Martínez.  Check it out!

 ## Interesting Applications

+* [Hosts-BL](https://github.com/ScriptTiger/Hosts-BL "Hosts-BL") is a simple tool to handle hosts file black lists. It can remove comments, remove duplicates, compress to 9 domains per line, add IPv6 entries. In addition, it can also convert black lists to multiple other black list formats compatible with other software, such as dnsmasq, DualServer, RPZ, Privoxy, and Unbound, to name a few.
+* [Host Minder](https://github.com/jeremehancock/hostminder#readme) is a simple GUI that allows you to easily update your /etc/hosts file to one of four consolidated hosts files from StevenBlack/hosts. It is provided as a deb package and comes pre-installed on [UbuntuCE](https://ubuntuce.com/).
+* [Maza ad blocking](https://github.com/tanrax/maza-ad-blocking) is a bash script that automatically updates host file. You can also update a fresh copy. And each time it generates a dnsmasq-compatible configuration file. Fast installation, compatible with MacOS, Linux and BSD.
 * [Hostile](https://github.com/feross/hostile) is a nifty command line utility to easily add or remove domains from your hosts file.  If our hosts files are too aggressive for you, you can use `hostile` to remove domains, or you can use `hostile` in a bash script to automate a post process each time you download fresh versions of hosts.
-
-* [macOS Scripting for Configuration, Backup and Restore](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config) helps customizing, re-installing and using macOS. It also provides a [script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/hosts_file_generator.sh) to install and update the hosts file using this project on macOS. In combination with a [launchd](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/com.hostsfile.install_update.plist) it updates the hosts file every x days (default is 4). To install both download the GitHub repo and run the [install script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/install_hosts_file_generator_and_launchdservice.sh) from the directory one level up.
-
-* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources. This is a very interesting project to set up yourself, or you can [buy one pre-loaded](https://uk.pi-supply.com/products/pi-hole-poe-edition-the-network-wide-ad-blocker).
-
+* [macOS Scripting for Configuration, Backup and Restore](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config) helps customizing, re-installing and using macOS. It also provides a [script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/hosts_file_generator.sh) to install and update the hosts file using this project on macOS. In combination with a [launchd](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/com.hostsfile.install_update.plist) it updates the hosts file every x days (default is 4). To install both, download the GitHub repo and run the [install script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/install_hosts_file_generator_and_launchdservice.sh) from the directory one level up.
+* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources.
 * [Block ads and malware via local BIND9 DNS server](https://github.com/mueller-ma/block-ads-via-dns "Block ads and malware via local DNS server") (for Debian, Raspbian & Ubuntu): Set up a local DNS server with a `/etc/bind/named.conf.blocked` file, sourced from here.
-
 * [Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server](https://scripttiger.github.io/dualserver/ "Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server") (for BSD, Windows & Linux): Set up a blacklist for everyone on your network using the power of the unified hosts reformatted for DualServer. And if you're on Windows, this project also maintains an update script to make updating DualServer's blacklist even easier.
-
 * [Blocking ads and malwares with unbound](https://deadc0de.re/articles/unbound-blocking-ads.html "Blocking ads and malwares with unbound") – [Unbound](https://www.unbound.net/ "Unbound is a validating, recursive, and caching DNS resolver.") is a validating, recursive, and caching DNS resolver.
+* [dnsmasq conversion script](https://gist.github.com/erlepereira/c11f4f7a3f60cd2071e79018e895fc8a#file-dnsmasq-antimalware) This GitHub gist has a short shell script (bash, will work on any 'nix) and uses `wget` & `awk` present in most distros, to fetch a specified hosts file and convert it to the format required by dnsmasq. Supports IPv4 and IPv6. Designed to be used as either a shell script, or can be dropped into `/etc/cron.weekly` (or wherever suits). The script is short and easily edited, also has a short document attached with notes on dnsmasq setup.
+* [BlackHosts - Command Line Installer/Updater](https://github.com/Lateralus138/blackhosts) This is a cross-platform command line utility to help install/update hosts files found at this repository.
+* [dnscrypt-proxy](https://github.com/DNSCrypt/dnscrypt-proxy/wiki/Combining-Blocklists) provides a tool to build block lists from local and remote lists in common formats.

-* [dnsmasq conversion script](https://gist.github.com/erlepereira/c11f4f7a3f60cd2071e79018e895fc8a#file-dnsmasq-antimalware) This GitHub gist has a short shell script (bash, will work on any 'nix) and uses `wget` & `awk` present in most distros, to fetch a specified hosts file and convert it the format required by dnsmasq. Supports IPv4 and IPv6. Designed to be used as either a shell script, or can be dropped into /etc/cron.weekly (or wherever suits). The script is short and easily edited, also has a short document attached with notes on dnsmasq setup.
-
-## Contribute!
+## Contribute

 Please read our [Contributing Guide](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/contributing.md). Among other things, this explains how we organize files and folders in this repository.

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
----
 **Take Note!**
- This version of the Hosts file generator, and tests, are for Python 3.5+ only.
- With the exception of issues and PRs regarding changes to `hosts/data/StevenBlack/hosts`, all other issues regarding the content of the produced hosts files should be made with the appropriate data source that contributed the content in question. The contact information for all of the data sources can be found in the `hosts/data/` directory.
+
+* With the exception of issues and PRs regarding changes to `hosts/data/StevenBlack/hosts`, all other issues regarding the content of the produced hosts files should be made with the appropriate data source that contributed the content in question. The contact information for all of the data sources can be found in the `hosts/data/` directory.
+
 ----

 ![Logo](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/.github/logo.png)
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 [![license](https://img.shields.io/github/license/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/license.txt)
 [![repo size](https://img.shields.io/github/repo-size/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts)
 [![contributors](https://img.shields.io/github/contributors/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/graphs/contributors)
-[![Build Status](https://img.shields.io/travis/StevenBlack/hosts/master.svg)](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts)
+[![Build Status](https://img.shields.io/github/workflow/status/StevenBlack/hosts/CI/master)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/actions?query=workflow%3ACI+branch%3Amaster)
 [![Code style: black](https://img.shields.io/badge/code%20style-black-000000.svg)](https://github.com/python/black)
 [![commits since last release](https://img.shields.io/github/commits-since/StevenBlack/hosts/latest.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
 [![last commit](https://img.shields.io/github/last-commit/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
@@ -21,37 +21,36 @@
 This repository consolidates several reputable `hosts` files, and merges them
 into a unified hosts file with duplicates removed.  A variety of tailored hosts files are provided.

-* Last updated: **April 07 2020**.
-* Here's the [raw hosts file with fakenews, social extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) containing 58,149 entries.
+* Last updated: **May 05 2022**.
+* Here's the [raw hosts file with fakenews, social extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) containing 118,508 entries.
 * Logo by [@Tobaloidee](https://github.com/Tobaloidee).

-
 ## List of all hosts file variants

 This repository offers [15 different host file variants](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates), in addition to the base variant.

 The **Non GitHub mirror** is the link to use for some hosts file managers like
-[Hostsman for Windows](http://www.abelhadigital.com/hostsman/) that don't work
+[Hostsman for Windows](https://www.abelhadigital.com/hostsman/) that don't work
 with GitHub download links.

 Host file recipe | Readme | Raw hosts | Unique domains | Non GitHub mirror
 ---------------- |:------:|:---------:|:--------------:|:-------------:
-Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 54,456 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 55,398 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 56,777 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 71,261 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 57,207 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 57,719 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 72,203 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 58,149 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 73,582 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 59,528 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 74,011 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 74,524 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 60,470 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 74,953 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 76,332 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 77,274 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 113,498 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 115,693 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 116,036 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 156,450 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 116,313 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 118,231 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 158,644 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 118,508 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 158,988 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 118,851 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 159,264 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 161,183 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 121,046 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 161,458 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 161,802 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 163,997 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)


 **Expectation**: These unified hosts files should serve all devices, regardless
@@ -65,27 +64,29 @@ included:
 Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License | Issues
 -----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:----------------:|:-------:|:------:
 Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues)
-Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone' | [issues](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/contact.php)
-add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-hostsVN | Hosts block ads of Vietnamese |[link](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/master/option/hosts-VN) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/issues)
-add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org/) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution | [issues](hosts@someonewhocares.org)
-MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com)
-yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org)
+AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | frequently | CC BY 3.0 | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/issues)
+add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+AdguardTeam cname trackers | CNAME-cloaked tracking abuses. |[link](https://github.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers/master/combined_disguised_trackers_justdomains.txt) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers/issues)
 Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/issues)
-URLHaus | A project from [abuse.ch](https://abuse.ch/) with the goal of sharing malicious URLs. |[link](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/) | [raw](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/downloads/hostfile/) | weekly | CC0 | [issues](mailto:cosntacptamem@abuse.ch)
-UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://kadantiscam.netlify.com/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/master/KADhosts_without_controversies.txt) | frequently | CC BY-SA 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/issues)
-AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0 | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/AdAway/issues)
-add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+hostsVN | Hosts block ads of Vietnamese |[link](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/master/option/hosts-VN) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/issues)
+KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://kadantiscam.netlify.app/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | CC BY-SA 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/issues)
+MetaMask eth-phishing-detect | Phishing domains targeting Ethereum users. |[link](https://github.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect/master/src/hosts.txt) | frequent | DON'T BE A DICK PUBLIC LICENSE | [issues](https://github.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect/issues)
+minecraft-hosts | Minecraft related tracker hosts |[link](https://github.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts/master/lists/tracking.txt) | occasionally | CC0-1.0 | [issues](https://github.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts/issues)
+MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](https://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](https://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com)
+shady-hosts | Analytics, ad, and activity monitoring hosts |[link](https://github.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts/main/hosts) | occasionally | CC0-1.0 | [issues](https://github.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts/issues)
+Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org/) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution | [issues](mailto:hosts@someonewhocares.org)
 Tiuxo hostlist - ads | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/ads) | occasional | CC BY 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues)
+UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+URLHaus | A project from [abuse.ch](https://abuse.ch/) with the goal of sharing malicious URLs. |[link](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/) | [raw](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/downloads/hostfile/) | weekly | CC0 | [issues](mailto:contactme@abuse.ch)
+yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org)
 Fake News | An in-progress collection of fake news outlets. |[link](https://github.com/marktron/fakenews) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/marktron/fakenews/master/fakenews) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/marktron/fakenews/issues)
 Sinfonietta's social media blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/social-hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues)
 Tiuxo hostlist - social | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/social) | occasional | CC BY 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues)


-
 ## Extensions

 The unified hosts file is optionally extensible.  Extensions are used to include domains by category.  Currently, we offer the following categories: `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn`.
@@ -97,7 +98,28 @@ folder tree, where you will find the data for `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`,

 ## Generate your own unified hosts file

-To generate your own unified hosts file you will need Python 3.5 or later.
+You have two options to generate your own hosts file.  You can do it in your own environment, or within a Docker container.  We'll cover Docker first because it's a short section.
+
+### Option 1: Generate in a Docker container
+
+We provide a [Dockerfile](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/Dockerfile) that you can use to create a Docker container with everything you need.
+The container will contain Python 3 and all its dependency requirements, and a copy of the latest version of this repository.
+
+Build the Docker container like this:
+
+```sh
+docker build ./
+```
+
+Access the terminal like this:
+
+```sh
+docker run -it (containerid) bash
+```
+
+### Option 2: Generate it in your own environment
+
+To generate your own amalgamated hosts files you will need Python 3.6 or later.

 First, install the dependencies with:

@@ -107,7 +129,9 @@ pip3 install --user -r requirements.txt

 **Note** we recommend the `--user` flag which installs the required dependencies at the user level. More information about it can be found on pip [documentation](https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip_install/?highlight=--user#cmdoption-user).

-To run unit tests, in the top-level directory, run:
+### Common steps regardless of your development environment
+
+To **run unit tests**, in the top-level directory, run:

 ```sh
 python3 testUpdateHostsFile.py
@@ -118,15 +142,11 @@ local `data/` subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch upd
 (from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each source's folder). Otherwise, it
 will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

-### Usage
-
-#### Using Python 3:
-
 ```sh
 python3 updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]
 ```

-#### Command line options:
+#### Command line options

 `--help`, or `-h`: display help.

@@ -166,6 +186,11 @@ in a subfolder.  If the subfolder does not exist, it will be created.
 section at the top, containing lines like `127.0.0.1 localhost`.  This is
 useful for configuring proximate DNS services on the local network.

+`--nogendata`, or `-g`: `false` (default) or `true`, skip the generation of the
+readmeData.json file used for generating readme.md files.  This is useful if you are
+generating host files with additional whitelists or blacklists and want to keep your
+local checkout of this repo unmodified.
+
 `--compress`, or `-c`: `false` (default) or `true`, *Compress* the hosts file
 ignoring non-necessary lines (empty lines and comments) and putting multiple
 domains in each line. Reducing the number of lines of the hosts file improves
@@ -176,6 +201,12 @@ each domain on a separate line. This is necessary because many implementations
 of URL blockers that rely on `hosts` files do not conform to the standard which
 allows multiple hosts on a single line.

+`--blacklist <blacklistfile>`, or `-x <blacklistfile>`: Append the given blacklist file
+in hosts format to the generated hosts file.
+
+`--whitelist <whitelistfile>`, or `-w <whitelistfile>`: Use the given whitelist file
+to remove hosts from the generated hosts file.
+
 ## How do I control which sources are unified?

 Add one or more *additional* sources, each in a subfolder of the `data/`
@@ -222,8 +253,7 @@ If you discover sketchy domains you feel should be included here, here are some

 The best way to get new domains included is to submit an issue to any of the data providers whose home pages are [listed here](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts#sources-of-hosts-data-unified-in-this-variant). This is best because once you submit new domains, they will be curated and updated by the dedicated folks who maintain these sources.

-
-### Option 2: add your domains to Steven Black's personal data file
+### Option 2: Fork this repository, add your domains to Steven Black's personal data file, and submit a pull request

 Fork this hosts this repo and add your links to [https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts).

@@ -235,7 +265,6 @@ Then, submit a pull request.

 If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existence of your repo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.

-
 ## What is a hosts file?

 A hosts file, named `hosts` (with no file extension), is a plain-text file
@@ -274,22 +303,69 @@ interfere with a web server that may be running on the local PC.

 We tried that.  Using `0` doesn't work universally.

-
 ## Location of your hosts file

 To modify your current `hosts` file, look for it in the following places and modify it with a text
 editor.

-**macOS (until 10.14.x macOS Mojave), iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.
-
-**macOS Catalina:** `/private/etc/hosts` file.
-
-**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.
+* **macOS (until 10.14.x macOS Mojave), iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.
+* **macOS Catalina:** `/private/etc/hosts` file.
+* **Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.

 ## Gentoo

 Gentoo users may find [`sb-hosts`](https://github.com/PF4Public/gentoo-overlay/tree/master/net-misc/sb-hosts) in [::pf4public](https://github.com/PF4Public/gentoo-overlay) Gentoo overlay

+## NixOS
+
+To install hosts file on your machine add the following into your `configuration.nix`:
+
+```nix
+{
+  networking.extraHosts = let
+    hostsPath = https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts;
+    hostsFile = builtins.fetchurl hostsPath;
+  in builtins.readFile "${hostsFile}";
+}
+```
+
+* NOTE: Change `hostsPath` if you need other versions of hosts file.
+* NOTE: The call to `fetchurl` is impure.
+Use `fetchFromGitHub` with the exact commit if you want to always get the same result.
+
+### Nix Flake
+
+NixOS installations which are managed through *flakes* can use the hosts file like this:
+
+```nix
+{
+  inputs.hosts.url = github:StevenBlack/hosts;
+  outputs = { self, nixpkgs, hosts }: {
+    nixosConfigurations.my-hostname = {
+      system = "<architecture>";
+      modules = [
+        hosts.nixosModule {
+          networking.stevenBlackHosts.enable = true;
+        }
+      ];
+    };
+  };
+}
+```
+
+The hosts extensions are also available with the following options:
+
+```nix
+{
+  networking.stevenBlackHosts = {
+    blockFakenews = true;
+    blockGambling = true;
+    blockPorn = true;
+    blockSocial = true;
+  };
+}
+```
+
 ## Updating hosts file on Windows

 (NOTE: See also some third-party Hosts managers, listed below.)
@@ -308,26 +384,27 @@ saying that for this to work, you must be connected to the internet.

 To open a command prompt as administrator in the repository's directory, do the following:

-**Windows XP**: Start → Run → `cmd`
-
-**Windows Vista, 7**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
-
-**Windows 8**: Start → Swipe Up → All Apps → Windows System → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
-
-**Windows 10**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows XP**: Start → Run → `cmd`
+* **Windows Vista, 7**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows 8**: Start → Swipe Up → All Apps → Windows System → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows 10**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"

 You can also refer to the "Third-Party Hosts Managers" section for further recommended solutions from third parties.

+### Warning: Using this `hosts` file in Windows may require disabling DNS Cache service
+
+Windows has issues with larger hosts files. Recent changes in security within Windows 10 denies
+access to changing services via other tools except registry hacks. Use the `disable-dnscache-service-win.cmd`
+file to make proper changes to the Windows registry. You will need to reboot your device once that's done.
+See the [the comments within the `cmd` file](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/disable-dnscache-service-win.cmd)
+for more details.
+
 ## Reloading hosts file

 Your operating system will cache DNS lookups. You can either reboot or run the following commands to
 manually flush your DNS cache once the new hosts file is in place.

-| The Google Chrome browser may require manually cleaning up its DNS Cache on `chrome://net-internals/#dns` page to thereafter see the changes in your hosts file. See: <https://superuser.com/questions/723703>
-:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+The Google Chrome browser may require manually cleaning up its DNS Cache on `chrome://net-internals/#dns` page to thereafter see the changes in your hosts file. See: <https://superuser.com/questions/723703>

 ### Windows

@@ -337,47 +414,34 @@ Open a command prompt with administrator privileges and run this command:
 ipconfig /flushdns
 ```

-Before flushing the DNS cache, open a command prompt with administrator privileges and run this command:
-
-```bat
-sc config "Dnscache" start=disabled
-sc stop "Dnscache"
-```
-
 ### Linux

 Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

-**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+* **Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+* **Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`
+* **Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`
+* **Fedora Linux**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+* **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Network Manager**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+* **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`
+* **RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
+* **FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`

-**Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`
+  To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:

-**Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`
+  ```sh
+  sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
+  sudo service nscd start
+  ```

-**Fedora Linux**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+  Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:

-**Arch Linux/Manjaro with Network Manager**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+  ```text
+  hosts: cache files dns
+  ```

-**Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`
-
-**RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
-
-**FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`
-
-To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:
-
-```sh
-sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
-sudo service nscd start
-```
-
-Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:
-
-```text
-hosts: cache files dns
-```
-
-**Others**: Consult [this Wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).
+* **NixOS**: The `nscd.service` is automatically restarted when the option `networking.extraHosts` was changed.
+* **Others**: Consult [this Wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).

 ### macOS

@@ -399,11 +463,8 @@ This is why the [package.json](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/
 The goals of this repo are to:

 1. automatically combine high-quality lists of hosts,
-
 2. provide situation-appropriate extensions,
-
 3. de-dupe the resultant combined list,
-
 4. and keep the resultant file reasonably sized.

 A high-quality source is defined here as one that is actively curated.  A
@@ -417,26 +478,24 @@ devices under a variety of operating systems.
 ## Third-Party Hosts Managers

 * [Unified Hosts AutoUpdate](https://github.com/ScriptTiger/Unified-Hosts-AutoUpdate "Unified Hosts AutoUpdate") (for Windows): The Unified Hosts AutoUpdate package is purpose-built for this unified hosts project as well as in active development by community members. You can install and uninstall any blacklist and keep it automatically up to date, and can be placed in a shared network location and deployed across an organization via group policies. And since it is in active development by community members, your bug reports, feature requests, and other feedback are most welcome.
-
 * [ViHoMa](https://github.com/cmabad/ViHoMa) is a Visual Hosts file Manager, written in Java, by Christian Martínez.  Check it out!

 ## Interesting Applications

+* [Hosts-BL](https://github.com/ScriptTiger/Hosts-BL "Hosts-BL") is a simple tool to handle hosts file black lists. It can remove comments, remove duplicates, compress to 9 domains per line, add IPv6 entries. In addition, it can also convert black lists to multiple other black list formats compatible with other software, such as dnsmasq, DualServer, RPZ, Privoxy, and Unbound, to name a few.
+* [Host Minder](https://github.com/jeremehancock/hostminder#readme) is a simple GUI that allows you to easily update your /etc/hosts file to one of four consolidated hosts files from StevenBlack/hosts. It is provided as a deb package and comes pre-installed on [UbuntuCE](https://ubuntuce.com/).
+* [Maza ad blocking](https://github.com/tanrax/maza-ad-blocking) is a bash script that automatically updates host file. You can also update a fresh copy. And each time it generates a dnsmasq-compatible configuration file. Fast installation, compatible with MacOS, Linux and BSD.
 * [Hostile](https://github.com/feross/hostile) is a nifty command line utility to easily add or remove domains from your hosts file.  If our hosts files are too aggressive for you, you can use `hostile` to remove domains, or you can use `hostile` in a bash script to automate a post process each time you download fresh versions of hosts.
-
-* [macOS Scripting for Configuration, Backup and Restore](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config) helps customizing, re-installing and using macOS. It also provides a [script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/hosts_file_generator.sh) to install and update the hosts file using this project on macOS. In combination with a [launchd](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/com.hostsfile.install_update.plist) it updates the hosts file every x days (default is 4). To install both download the GitHub repo and run the [install script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/install_hosts_file_generator_and_launchdservice.sh) from the directory one level up.
-
-* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources. This is a very interesting project to set up yourself, or you can [buy one pre-loaded](https://uk.pi-supply.com/products/pi-hole-poe-edition-the-network-wide-ad-blocker).
-
+* [macOS Scripting for Configuration, Backup and Restore](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config) helps customizing, re-installing and using macOS. It also provides a [script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/hosts_file_generator.sh) to install and update the hosts file using this project on macOS. In combination with a [launchd](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/com.hostsfile.install_update.plist) it updates the hosts file every x days (default is 4). To install both, download the GitHub repo and run the [install script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/install_hosts_file_generator_and_launchdservice.sh) from the directory one level up.
+* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources.
 * [Block ads and malware via local BIND9 DNS server](https://github.com/mueller-ma/block-ads-via-dns "Block ads and malware via local DNS server") (for Debian, Raspbian & Ubuntu): Set up a local DNS server with a `/etc/bind/named.conf.blocked` file, sourced from here.
-
 * [Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server](https://scripttiger.github.io/dualserver/ "Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server") (for BSD, Windows & Linux): Set up a blacklist for everyone on your network using the power of the unified hosts reformatted for DualServer. And if you're on Windows, this project also maintains an update script to make updating DualServer's blacklist even easier.
-
 * [Blocking ads and malwares with unbound](https://deadc0de.re/articles/unbound-blocking-ads.html "Blocking ads and malwares with unbound") – [Unbound](https://www.unbound.net/ "Unbound is a validating, recursive, and caching DNS resolver.") is a validating, recursive, and caching DNS resolver.
+* [dnsmasq conversion script](https://gist.github.com/erlepereira/c11f4f7a3f60cd2071e79018e895fc8a#file-dnsmasq-antimalware) This GitHub gist has a short shell script (bash, will work on any 'nix) and uses `wget` & `awk` present in most distros, to fetch a specified hosts file and convert it to the format required by dnsmasq. Supports IPv4 and IPv6. Designed to be used as either a shell script, or can be dropped into `/etc/cron.weekly` (or wherever suits). The script is short and easily edited, also has a short document attached with notes on dnsmasq setup.
+* [BlackHosts - Command Line Installer/Updater](https://github.com/Lateralus138/blackhosts) This is a cross-platform command line utility to help install/update hosts files found at this repository.
+* [dnscrypt-proxy](https://github.com/DNSCrypt/dnscrypt-proxy/wiki/Combining-Blocklists) provides a tool to build block lists from local and remote lists in common formats.

-* [dnsmasq conversion script](https://gist.github.com/erlepereira/c11f4f7a3f60cd2071e79018e895fc8a#file-dnsmasq-antimalware) This GitHub gist has a short shell script (bash, will work on any 'nix) and uses `wget` & `awk` present in most distros, to fetch a specified hosts file and convert it the format required by dnsmasq. Supports IPv4 and IPv6. Designed to be used as either a shell script, or can be dropped into /etc/cron.weekly (or wherever suits). The script is short and easily edited, also has a short document attached with notes on dnsmasq setup.
-
-## Contribute!
+## Contribute

 Please read our [Contributing Guide](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/contributing.md). Among other things, this explains how we organize files and folders in this repository.

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
----
 **Take Note!**
- This version of the Hosts file generator, and tests, are for Python 3.5+ only.
- With the exception of issues and PRs regarding changes to `hosts/data/StevenBlack/hosts`, all other issues regarding the content of the produced hosts files should be made with the appropriate data source that contributed the content in question. The contact information for all of the data sources can be found in the `hosts/data/` directory.
+
+* With the exception of issues and PRs regarding changes to `hosts/data/StevenBlack/hosts`, all other issues regarding the content of the produced hosts files should be made with the appropriate data source that contributed the content in question. The contact information for all of the data sources can be found in the `hosts/data/` directory.
+
 ----

 ![Logo](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/.github/logo.png)
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 [![license](https://img.shields.io/github/license/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/license.txt)
 [![repo size](https://img.shields.io/github/repo-size/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts)
 [![contributors](https://img.shields.io/github/contributors/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/graphs/contributors)
-[![Build Status](https://img.shields.io/travis/StevenBlack/hosts/master.svg)](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts)
+[![Build Status](https://img.shields.io/github/workflow/status/StevenBlack/hosts/CI/master)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/actions?query=workflow%3ACI+branch%3Amaster)
 [![Code style: black](https://img.shields.io/badge/code%20style-black-000000.svg)](https://github.com/python/black)
 [![commits since last release](https://img.shields.io/github/commits-since/StevenBlack/hosts/latest.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
 [![last commit](https://img.shields.io/github/last-commit/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
@@ -21,37 +21,36 @@
 This repository consolidates several reputable `hosts` files, and merges them
 into a unified hosts file with duplicates removed.  A variety of tailored hosts files are provided.

-* Last updated: **April 07 2020**.
-* Here's the [raw hosts file with fakenews extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) containing 55,398 entries.
+* Last updated: **May 05 2022**.
+* Here's the [raw hosts file with fakenews extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) containing 115,693 entries.
 * Logo by [@Tobaloidee](https://github.com/Tobaloidee).

-
 ## List of all hosts file variants

 This repository offers [15 different host file variants](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates), in addition to the base variant.

 The **Non GitHub mirror** is the link to use for some hosts file managers like
-[Hostsman for Windows](http://www.abelhadigital.com/hostsman/) that don't work
+[Hostsman for Windows](https://www.abelhadigital.com/hostsman/) that don't work
 with GitHub download links.

 Host file recipe | Readme | Raw hosts | Unique domains | Non GitHub mirror
 ---------------- |:------:|:---------:|:--------------:|:-------------:
-Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 54,456 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 55,398 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 56,777 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 71,261 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 57,207 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 57,719 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 72,203 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 58,149 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 73,582 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 59,528 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 74,011 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 74,524 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 60,470 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 74,953 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 76,332 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 77,274 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 113,498 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 115,693 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 116,036 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 156,450 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 116,313 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 118,231 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 158,644 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 118,508 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 158,988 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 118,851 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 159,264 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 161,183 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 121,046 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 161,458 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 161,802 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 163,997 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)


 **Expectation**: These unified hosts files should serve all devices, regardless
@@ -65,25 +64,27 @@ included:
 Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License | Issues
 -----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:----------------:|:-------:|:------:
 Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues)
-Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone' | [issues](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/contact.php)
-add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-hostsVN | Hosts block ads of Vietnamese |[link](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/master/option/hosts-VN) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/issues)
-add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org/) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution | [issues](hosts@someonewhocares.org)
-MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com)
-yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org)
+AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | frequently | CC BY 3.0 | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/issues)
+add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+AdguardTeam cname trackers | CNAME-cloaked tracking abuses. |[link](https://github.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers/master/combined_disguised_trackers_justdomains.txt) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers/issues)
 Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/issues)
-URLHaus | A project from [abuse.ch](https://abuse.ch/) with the goal of sharing malicious URLs. |[link](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/) | [raw](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/downloads/hostfile/) | weekly | CC0 | [issues](mailto:cosntacptamem@abuse.ch)
-UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://kadantiscam.netlify.com/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/master/KADhosts_without_controversies.txt) | frequently | CC BY-SA 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/issues)
-AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0 | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/AdAway/issues)
-add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+hostsVN | Hosts block ads of Vietnamese |[link](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/master/option/hosts-VN) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/issues)
+KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://kadantiscam.netlify.app/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | CC BY-SA 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/issues)
+MetaMask eth-phishing-detect | Phishing domains targeting Ethereum users. |[link](https://github.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect/master/src/hosts.txt) | frequent | DON'T BE A DICK PUBLIC LICENSE | [issues](https://github.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect/issues)
+minecraft-hosts | Minecraft related tracker hosts |[link](https://github.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts/master/lists/tracking.txt) | occasionally | CC0-1.0 | [issues](https://github.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts/issues)
+MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](https://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](https://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com)
+shady-hosts | Analytics, ad, and activity monitoring hosts |[link](https://github.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts/main/hosts) | occasionally | CC0-1.0 | [issues](https://github.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts/issues)
+Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org/) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution | [issues](mailto:hosts@someonewhocares.org)
 Tiuxo hostlist - ads | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/ads) | occasional | CC BY 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues)
+UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+URLHaus | A project from [abuse.ch](https://abuse.ch/) with the goal of sharing malicious URLs. |[link](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/) | [raw](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/downloads/hostfile/) | weekly | CC0 | [issues](mailto:contactme@abuse.ch)
+yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org)
 Fake News | An in-progress collection of fake news outlets. |[link](https://github.com/marktron/fakenews) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/marktron/fakenews/master/fakenews) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/marktron/fakenews/issues)


-
 ## Extensions

 The unified hosts file is optionally extensible.  Extensions are used to include domains by category.  Currently, we offer the following categories: `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn`.
@@ -95,7 +96,28 @@ folder tree, where you will find the data for `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`,

 ## Generate your own unified hosts file

-To generate your own unified hosts file you will need Python 3.5 or later.
+You have two options to generate your own hosts file.  You can do it in your own environment, or within a Docker container.  We'll cover Docker first because it's a short section.
+
+### Option 1: Generate in a Docker container
+
+We provide a [Dockerfile](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/Dockerfile) that you can use to create a Docker container with everything you need.
+The container will contain Python 3 and all its dependency requirements, and a copy of the latest version of this repository.
+
+Build the Docker container like this:
+
+```sh
+docker build ./
+```
+
+Access the terminal like this:
+
+```sh
+docker run -it (containerid) bash
+```
+
+### Option 2: Generate it in your own environment
+
+To generate your own amalgamated hosts files you will need Python 3.6 or later.

 First, install the dependencies with:

@@ -105,7 +127,9 @@ pip3 install --user -r requirements.txt

 **Note** we recommend the `--user` flag which installs the required dependencies at the user level. More information about it can be found on pip [documentation](https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip_install/?highlight=--user#cmdoption-user).

-To run unit tests, in the top-level directory, run:
+### Common steps regardless of your development environment
+
+To **run unit tests**, in the top-level directory, run:

 ```sh
 python3 testUpdateHostsFile.py
@@ -116,15 +140,11 @@ local `data/` subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch upd
 (from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each source's folder). Otherwise, it
 will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

-### Usage
-
-#### Using Python 3:
-
 ```sh
 python3 updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]
 ```

-#### Command line options:
+#### Command line options

 `--help`, or `-h`: display help.

@@ -164,6 +184,11 @@ in a subfolder.  If the subfolder does not exist, it will be created.
 section at the top, containing lines like `127.0.0.1 localhost`.  This is
 useful for configuring proximate DNS services on the local network.

+`--nogendata`, or `-g`: `false` (default) or `true`, skip the generation of the
+readmeData.json file used for generating readme.md files.  This is useful if you are
+generating host files with additional whitelists or blacklists and want to keep your
+local checkout of this repo unmodified.
+
 `--compress`, or `-c`: `false` (default) or `true`, *Compress* the hosts file
 ignoring non-necessary lines (empty lines and comments) and putting multiple
 domains in each line. Reducing the number of lines of the hosts file improves
@@ -174,6 +199,12 @@ each domain on a separate line. This is necessary because many implementations
 of URL blockers that rely on `hosts` files do not conform to the standard which
 allows multiple hosts on a single line.

+`--blacklist <blacklistfile>`, or `-x <blacklistfile>`: Append the given blacklist file
+in hosts format to the generated hosts file.
+
+`--whitelist <whitelistfile>`, or `-w <whitelistfile>`: Use the given whitelist file
+to remove hosts from the generated hosts file.
+
 ## How do I control which sources are unified?

 Add one or more *additional* sources, each in a subfolder of the `data/`
@@ -220,8 +251,7 @@ If you discover sketchy domains you feel should be included here, here are some

 The best way to get new domains included is to submit an issue to any of the data providers whose home pages are [listed here](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts#sources-of-hosts-data-unified-in-this-variant). This is best because once you submit new domains, they will be curated and updated by the dedicated folks who maintain these sources.

-
-### Option 2: add your domains to Steven Black's personal data file
+### Option 2: Fork this repository, add your domains to Steven Black's personal data file, and submit a pull request

 Fork this hosts this repo and add your links to [https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts).

@@ -233,7 +263,6 @@ Then, submit a pull request.

 If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existence of your repo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.

-
 ## What is a hosts file?

 A hosts file, named `hosts` (with no file extension), is a plain-text file
@@ -272,22 +301,69 @@ interfere with a web server that may be running on the local PC.

 We tried that.  Using `0` doesn't work universally.

-
 ## Location of your hosts file

 To modify your current `hosts` file, look for it in the following places and modify it with a text
 editor.

-**macOS (until 10.14.x macOS Mojave), iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.
-
-**macOS Catalina:** `/private/etc/hosts` file.
-
-**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.
+* **macOS (until 10.14.x macOS Mojave), iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.
+* **macOS Catalina:** `/private/etc/hosts` file.
+* **Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.

 ## Gentoo

 Gentoo users may find [`sb-hosts`](https://github.com/PF4Public/gentoo-overlay/tree/master/net-misc/sb-hosts) in [::pf4public](https://github.com/PF4Public/gentoo-overlay) Gentoo overlay

+## NixOS
+
+To install hosts file on your machine add the following into your `configuration.nix`:
+
+```nix
+{
+  networking.extraHosts = let
+    hostsPath = https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts;
+    hostsFile = builtins.fetchurl hostsPath;
+  in builtins.readFile "${hostsFile}";
+}
+```
+
+* NOTE: Change `hostsPath` if you need other versions of hosts file.
+* NOTE: The call to `fetchurl` is impure.
+Use `fetchFromGitHub` with the exact commit if you want to always get the same result.
+
+### Nix Flake
+
+NixOS installations which are managed through *flakes* can use the hosts file like this:
+
+```nix
+{
+  inputs.hosts.url = github:StevenBlack/hosts;
+  outputs = { self, nixpkgs, hosts }: {
+    nixosConfigurations.my-hostname = {
+      system = "<architecture>";
+      modules = [
+        hosts.nixosModule {
+          networking.stevenBlackHosts.enable = true;
+        }
+      ];
+    };
+  };
+}
+```
+
+The hosts extensions are also available with the following options:
+
+```nix
+{
+  networking.stevenBlackHosts = {
+    blockFakenews = true;
+    blockGambling = true;
+    blockPorn = true;
+    blockSocial = true;
+  };
+}
+```
+
 ## Updating hosts file on Windows

 (NOTE: See also some third-party Hosts managers, listed below.)
@@ -306,26 +382,27 @@ saying that for this to work, you must be connected to the internet.

 To open a command prompt as administrator in the repository's directory, do the following:

-**Windows XP**: Start → Run → `cmd`
-
-**Windows Vista, 7**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
-
-**Windows 8**: Start → Swipe Up → All Apps → Windows System → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
-
-**Windows 10**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows XP**: Start → Run → `cmd`
+* **Windows Vista, 7**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows 8**: Start → Swipe Up → All Apps → Windows System → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows 10**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"

 You can also refer to the "Third-Party Hosts Managers" section for further recommended solutions from third parties.

+### Warning: Using this `hosts` file in Windows may require disabling DNS Cache service
+
+Windows has issues with larger hosts files. Recent changes in security within Windows 10 denies
+access to changing services via other tools except registry hacks. Use the `disable-dnscache-service-win.cmd`
+file to make proper changes to the Windows registry. You will need to reboot your device once that's done.
+See the [the comments within the `cmd` file](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/disable-dnscache-service-win.cmd)
+for more details.
+
 ## Reloading hosts file

 Your operating system will cache DNS lookups. You can either reboot or run the following commands to
 manually flush your DNS cache once the new hosts file is in place.

-| The Google Chrome browser may require manually cleaning up its DNS Cache on `chrome://net-internals/#dns` page to thereafter see the changes in your hosts file. See: <https://superuser.com/questions/723703>
-:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+The Google Chrome browser may require manually cleaning up its DNS Cache on `chrome://net-internals/#dns` page to thereafter see the changes in your hosts file. See: <https://superuser.com/questions/723703>

 ### Windows

@@ -335,47 +412,34 @@ Open a command prompt with administrator privileges and run this command:
 ipconfig /flushdns
 ```

-Before flushing the DNS cache, open a command prompt with administrator privileges and run this command:
-
-```bat
-sc config "Dnscache" start=disabled
-sc stop "Dnscache"
-```
-
 ### Linux

 Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

-**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+* **Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+* **Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`
+* **Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`
+* **Fedora Linux**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+* **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Network Manager**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+* **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`
+* **RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
+* **FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`

-**Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`
+  To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:

-**Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`
+  ```sh
+  sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
+  sudo service nscd start
+  ```

-**Fedora Linux**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+  Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:

-**Arch Linux/Manjaro with Network Manager**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+  ```text
+  hosts: cache files dns
+  ```

-**Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`
-
-**RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
-
-**FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`
-
-To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:
-
-```sh
-sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
-sudo service nscd start
-```
-
-Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:
-
-```text
-hosts: cache files dns
-```
-
-**Others**: Consult [this Wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).
+* **NixOS**: The `nscd.service` is automatically restarted when the option `networking.extraHosts` was changed.
+* **Others**: Consult [this Wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).

 ### macOS

@@ -397,11 +461,8 @@ This is why the [package.json](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/
 The goals of this repo are to:

 1. automatically combine high-quality lists of hosts,
-
 2. provide situation-appropriate extensions,
-
 3. de-dupe the resultant combined list,
-
 4. and keep the resultant file reasonably sized.

 A high-quality source is defined here as one that is actively curated.  A
@@ -415,26 +476,24 @@ devices under a variety of operating systems.
 ## Third-Party Hosts Managers

 * [Unified Hosts AutoUpdate](https://github.com/ScriptTiger/Unified-Hosts-AutoUpdate "Unified Hosts AutoUpdate") (for Windows): The Unified Hosts AutoUpdate package is purpose-built for this unified hosts project as well as in active development by community members. You can install and uninstall any blacklist and keep it automatically up to date, and can be placed in a shared network location and deployed across an organization via group policies. And since it is in active development by community members, your bug reports, feature requests, and other feedback are most welcome.
-
 * [ViHoMa](https://github.com/cmabad/ViHoMa) is a Visual Hosts file Manager, written in Java, by Christian Martínez.  Check it out!

 ## Interesting Applications

+* [Hosts-BL](https://github.com/ScriptTiger/Hosts-BL "Hosts-BL") is a simple tool to handle hosts file black lists. It can remove comments, remove duplicates, compress to 9 domains per line, add IPv6 entries. In addition, it can also convert black lists to multiple other black list formats compatible with other software, such as dnsmasq, DualServer, RPZ, Privoxy, and Unbound, to name a few.
+* [Host Minder](https://github.com/jeremehancock/hostminder#readme) is a simple GUI that allows you to easily update your /etc/hosts file to one of four consolidated hosts files from StevenBlack/hosts. It is provided as a deb package and comes pre-installed on [UbuntuCE](https://ubuntuce.com/).
+* [Maza ad blocking](https://github.com/tanrax/maza-ad-blocking) is a bash script that automatically updates host file. You can also update a fresh copy. And each time it generates a dnsmasq-compatible configuration file. Fast installation, compatible with MacOS, Linux and BSD.
 * [Hostile](https://github.com/feross/hostile) is a nifty command line utility to easily add or remove domains from your hosts file.  If our hosts files are too aggressive for you, you can use `hostile` to remove domains, or you can use `hostile` in a bash script to automate a post process each time you download fresh versions of hosts.
-
-* [macOS Scripting for Configuration, Backup and Restore](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config) helps customizing, re-installing and using macOS. It also provides a [script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/hosts_file_generator.sh) to install and update the hosts file using this project on macOS. In combination with a [launchd](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/com.hostsfile.install_update.plist) it updates the hosts file every x days (default is 4). To install both download the GitHub repo and run the [install script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/install_hosts_file_generator_and_launchdservice.sh) from the directory one level up.
-
-* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources. This is a very interesting project to set up yourself, or you can [buy one pre-loaded](https://uk.pi-supply.com/products/pi-hole-poe-edition-the-network-wide-ad-blocker).
-
+* [macOS Scripting for Configuration, Backup and Restore](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config) helps customizing, re-installing and using macOS. It also provides a [script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/hosts_file_generator.sh) to install and update the hosts file using this project on macOS. In combination with a [launchd](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/com.hostsfile.install_update.plist) it updates the hosts file every x days (default is 4). To install both, download the GitHub repo and run the [install script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/install_hosts_file_generator_and_launchdservice.sh) from the directory one level up.
+* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources.
 * [Block ads and malware via local BIND9 DNS server](https://github.com/mueller-ma/block-ads-via-dns "Block ads and malware via local DNS server") (for Debian, Raspbian & Ubuntu): Set up a local DNS server with a `/etc/bind/named.conf.blocked` file, sourced from here.
-
 * [Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server](https://scripttiger.github.io/dualserver/ "Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server") (for BSD, Windows & Linux): Set up a blacklist for everyone on your network using the power of the unified hosts reformatted for DualServer. And if you're on Windows, this project also maintains an update script to make updating DualServer's blacklist even easier.
-
 * [Blocking ads and malwares with unbound](https://deadc0de.re/articles/unbound-blocking-ads.html "Blocking ads and malwares with unbound") – [Unbound](https://www.unbound.net/ "Unbound is a validating, recursive, and caching DNS resolver.") is a validating, recursive, and caching DNS resolver.
+* [dnsmasq conversion script](https://gist.github.com/erlepereira/c11f4f7a3f60cd2071e79018e895fc8a#file-dnsmasq-antimalware) This GitHub gist has a short shell script (bash, will work on any 'nix) and uses `wget` & `awk` present in most distros, to fetch a specified hosts file and convert it to the format required by dnsmasq. Supports IPv4 and IPv6. Designed to be used as either a shell script, or can be dropped into `/etc/cron.weekly` (or wherever suits). The script is short and easily edited, also has a short document attached with notes on dnsmasq setup.
+* [BlackHosts - Command Line Installer/Updater](https://github.com/Lateralus138/blackhosts) This is a cross-platform command line utility to help install/update hosts files found at this repository.
+* [dnscrypt-proxy](https://github.com/DNSCrypt/dnscrypt-proxy/wiki/Combining-Blocklists) provides a tool to build block lists from local and remote lists in common formats.

-* [dnsmasq conversion script](https://gist.github.com/erlepereira/c11f4f7a3f60cd2071e79018e895fc8a#file-dnsmasq-antimalware) This GitHub gist has a short shell script (bash, will work on any 'nix) and uses `wget` & `awk` present in most distros, to fetch a specified hosts file and convert it the format required by dnsmasq. Supports IPv4 and IPv6. Designed to be used as either a shell script, or can be dropped into /etc/cron.weekly (or wherever suits). The script is short and easily edited, also has a short document attached with notes on dnsmasq setup.
-
-## Contribute!
+## Contribute

 Please read our [Contributing Guide](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/contributing.md). Among other things, this explains how we organize files and folders in this repository.

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
----
 **Take Note!**
- This version of the Hosts file generator, and tests, are for Python 3.5+ only.
- With the exception of issues and PRs regarding changes to `hosts/data/StevenBlack/hosts`, all other issues regarding the content of the produced hosts files should be made with the appropriate data source that contributed the content in question. The contact information for all of the data sources can be found in the `hosts/data/` directory.
+
+* With the exception of issues and PRs regarding changes to `hosts/data/StevenBlack/hosts`, all other issues regarding the content of the produced hosts files should be made with the appropriate data source that contributed the content in question. The contact information for all of the data sources can be found in the `hosts/data/` directory.
+
 ----

 ![Logo](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/.github/logo.png)
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 [![license](https://img.shields.io/github/license/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/license.txt)
 [![repo size](https://img.shields.io/github/repo-size/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts)
 [![contributors](https://img.shields.io/github/contributors/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/graphs/contributors)
-[![Build Status](https://img.shields.io/travis/StevenBlack/hosts/master.svg)](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts)
+[![Build Status](https://img.shields.io/github/workflow/status/StevenBlack/hosts/CI/master)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/actions?query=workflow%3ACI+branch%3Amaster)
 [![Code style: black](https://img.shields.io/badge/code%20style-black-000000.svg)](https://github.com/python/black)
 [![commits since last release](https://img.shields.io/github/commits-since/StevenBlack/hosts/latest.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
 [![last commit](https://img.shields.io/github/last-commit/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
@@ -21,37 +21,36 @@
 This repository consolidates several reputable `hosts` files, and merges them
 into a unified hosts file with duplicates removed.  A variety of tailored hosts files are provided.

-* Last updated: **April 07 2020**.
-* Here's the [raw hosts file with gambling, porn, social extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) containing 76,332 entries.
+* Last updated: **May 05 2022**.
+* Here's the [raw hosts file with gambling, porn, social extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) containing 161,802 entries.
 * Logo by [@Tobaloidee](https://github.com/Tobaloidee).

-
 ## List of all hosts file variants

 This repository offers [15 different host file variants](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates), in addition to the base variant.

 The **Non GitHub mirror** is the link to use for some hosts file managers like
-[Hostsman for Windows](http://www.abelhadigital.com/hostsman/) that don't work
+[Hostsman for Windows](https://www.abelhadigital.com/hostsman/) that don't work
 with GitHub download links.

 Host file recipe | Readme | Raw hosts | Unique domains | Non GitHub mirror
 ---------------- |:------:|:---------:|:--------------:|:-------------:
-Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 54,456 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 55,398 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 56,777 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 71,261 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 57,207 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 57,719 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 72,203 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 58,149 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 73,582 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 59,528 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 74,011 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 74,524 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 60,470 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 74,953 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 76,332 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 77,274 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 113,498 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 115,693 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 116,036 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 156,450 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 116,313 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 118,231 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 158,644 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 118,508 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 158,988 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 118,851 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 159,264 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 161,183 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 121,046 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 161,458 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 161,802 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 163,997 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)


 **Expectation**: These unified hosts files should serve all devices, regardless
@@ -65,31 +64,34 @@ included:
 Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License | Issues
 -----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:----------------:|:-------:|:------:
 Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues)
-Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone' | [issues](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/contact.php)
-add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-hostsVN | Hosts block ads of Vietnamese |[link](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/master/option/hosts-VN) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/issues)
-add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org/) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution | [issues](hosts@someonewhocares.org)
-MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com)
-yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org)
+AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | frequently | CC BY 3.0 | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/issues)
+add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+AdguardTeam cname trackers | CNAME-cloaked tracking abuses. |[link](https://github.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers/master/combined_disguised_trackers_justdomains.txt) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers/issues)
 Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/issues)
-URLHaus | A project from [abuse.ch](https://abuse.ch/) with the goal of sharing malicious URLs. |[link](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/) | [raw](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/downloads/hostfile/) | weekly | CC0 | [issues](mailto:cosntacptamem@abuse.ch)
-UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://kadantiscam.netlify.com/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/master/KADhosts_without_controversies.txt) | frequently | CC BY-SA 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/issues)
-AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0 | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/AdAway/issues)
-add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+hostsVN | Hosts block ads of Vietnamese |[link](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/master/option/hosts-VN) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/issues)
+KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://kadantiscam.netlify.app/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | CC BY-SA 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/issues)
+MetaMask eth-phishing-detect | Phishing domains targeting Ethereum users. |[link](https://github.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect/master/src/hosts.txt) | frequent | DON'T BE A DICK PUBLIC LICENSE | [issues](https://github.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect/issues)
+minecraft-hosts | Minecraft related tracker hosts |[link](https://github.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts/master/lists/tracking.txt) | occasionally | CC0-1.0 | [issues](https://github.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts/issues)
+MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](https://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](https://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com)
+shady-hosts | Analytics, ad, and activity monitoring hosts |[link](https://github.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts/main/hosts) | occasionally | CC0-1.0 | [issues](https://github.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts/issues)
+Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org/) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution | [issues](mailto:hosts@someonewhocares.org)
 Tiuxo hostlist - ads | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/ads) | occasional | CC BY 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues)
+UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+URLHaus | A project from [abuse.ch](https://abuse.ch/) with the goal of sharing malicious URLs. |[link](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/) | [raw](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/downloads/hostfile/) | weekly | CC0 | [issues](mailto:contactme@abuse.ch)
+yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org)
 Sinfonietta's gambling blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/gambling-hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues)
-Sinfonietta's snuff-site blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/snuff-hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues)
-pornhosts -- a consolidated anti porn hosts file | This is an endeavour to find all porn domains and compile them into a single hosts to allow for easy blocking of porn on your local machine or on a network. |[link](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/master/0.0.0.0/hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/issues)
+brijrajparmar27 - pornography | hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/brijrajparmar27/host-sources) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/brijrajparmar27/host-sources/master/Porn/hosts) | occasional | CC BY 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/brijrajparmar27/host-sources/issues)
+pornhosts -- a consolidated anti porn hosts file | This is an endeavour to find all porn domains and compile them into a single hosts to allow for easy blocking of porn on your local machine or on a network. |[link](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/extensions/porn/clefspeare13/hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/issues)
 Sinfonietta's porn blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/pornography-hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues)
+Sinfonietta's snuff-site blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/snuff-hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues)
 Tiuxo hostlist - pornography | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/porn) | occasional | CC BY 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues)
 Sinfonietta's social media blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/social-hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues)
 Tiuxo hostlist - social | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/social) | occasional | CC BY 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues)


-
 ## Extensions

 The unified hosts file is optionally extensible.  Extensions are used to include domains by category.  Currently, we offer the following categories: `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn`.
@@ -101,7 +103,28 @@ folder tree, where you will find the data for `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`,

 ## Generate your own unified hosts file

-To generate your own unified hosts file you will need Python 3.5 or later.
+You have two options to generate your own hosts file.  You can do it in your own environment, or within a Docker container.  We'll cover Docker first because it's a short section.
+
+### Option 1: Generate in a Docker container
+
+We provide a [Dockerfile](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/Dockerfile) that you can use to create a Docker container with everything you need.
+The container will contain Python 3 and all its dependency requirements, and a copy of the latest version of this repository.
+
+Build the Docker container like this:
+
+```sh
+docker build ./
+```
+
+Access the terminal like this:
+
+```sh
+docker run -it (containerid) bash
+```
+
+### Option 2: Generate it in your own environment
+
+To generate your own amalgamated hosts files you will need Python 3.6 or later.

 First, install the dependencies with:

@@ -111,7 +134,9 @@ pip3 install --user -r requirements.txt

 **Note** we recommend the `--user` flag which installs the required dependencies at the user level. More information about it can be found on pip [documentation](https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip_install/?highlight=--user#cmdoption-user).

-To run unit tests, in the top-level directory, run:
+### Common steps regardless of your development environment
+
+To **run unit tests**, in the top-level directory, run:

 ```sh
 python3 testUpdateHostsFile.py
@@ -122,15 +147,11 @@ local `data/` subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch upd
 (from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each source's folder). Otherwise, it
 will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

-### Usage
-
-#### Using Python 3:
-
 ```sh
 python3 updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]
 ```

-#### Command line options:
+#### Command line options

 `--help`, or `-h`: display help.

@@ -170,6 +191,11 @@ in a subfolder.  If the subfolder does not exist, it will be created.
 section at the top, containing lines like `127.0.0.1 localhost`.  This is
 useful for configuring proximate DNS services on the local network.

+`--nogendata`, or `-g`: `false` (default) or `true`, skip the generation of the
+readmeData.json file used for generating readme.md files.  This is useful if you are
+generating host files with additional whitelists or blacklists and want to keep your
+local checkout of this repo unmodified.
+
 `--compress`, or `-c`: `false` (default) or `true`, *Compress* the hosts file
 ignoring non-necessary lines (empty lines and comments) and putting multiple
 domains in each line. Reducing the number of lines of the hosts file improves
@@ -180,6 +206,12 @@ each domain on a separate line. This is necessary because many implementations
 of URL blockers that rely on `hosts` files do not conform to the standard which
 allows multiple hosts on a single line.

+`--blacklist <blacklistfile>`, or `-x <blacklistfile>`: Append the given blacklist file
+in hosts format to the generated hosts file.
+
+`--whitelist <whitelistfile>`, or `-w <whitelistfile>`: Use the given whitelist file
+to remove hosts from the generated hosts file.
+
 ## How do I control which sources are unified?

 Add one or more *additional* sources, each in a subfolder of the `data/`
@@ -226,8 +258,7 @@ If you discover sketchy domains you feel should be included here, here are some

 The best way to get new domains included is to submit an issue to any of the data providers whose home pages are [listed here](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts#sources-of-hosts-data-unified-in-this-variant). This is best because once you submit new domains, they will be curated and updated by the dedicated folks who maintain these sources.

-
-### Option 2: add your domains to Steven Black's personal data file
+### Option 2: Fork this repository, add your domains to Steven Black's personal data file, and submit a pull request

 Fork this hosts this repo and add your links to [https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts).

@@ -239,7 +270,6 @@ Then, submit a pull request.

 If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existence of your repo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.

-
 ## What is a hosts file?

 A hosts file, named `hosts` (with no file extension), is a plain-text file
@@ -278,22 +308,69 @@ interfere with a web server that may be running on the local PC.

 We tried that.  Using `0` doesn't work universally.

-
 ## Location of your hosts file

 To modify your current `hosts` file, look for it in the following places and modify it with a text
 editor.

-**macOS (until 10.14.x macOS Mojave), iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.
-
-**macOS Catalina:** `/private/etc/hosts` file.
-
-**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.
+* **macOS (until 10.14.x macOS Mojave), iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.
+* **macOS Catalina:** `/private/etc/hosts` file.
+* **Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.

 ## Gentoo

 Gentoo users may find [`sb-hosts`](https://github.com/PF4Public/gentoo-overlay/tree/master/net-misc/sb-hosts) in [::pf4public](https://github.com/PF4Public/gentoo-overlay) Gentoo overlay

+## NixOS
+
+To install hosts file on your machine add the following into your `configuration.nix`:
+
+```nix
+{
+  networking.extraHosts = let
+    hostsPath = https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts;
+    hostsFile = builtins.fetchurl hostsPath;
+  in builtins.readFile "${hostsFile}";
+}
+```
+
+* NOTE: Change `hostsPath` if you need other versions of hosts file.
+* NOTE: The call to `fetchurl` is impure.
+Use `fetchFromGitHub` with the exact commit if you want to always get the same result.
+
+### Nix Flake
+
+NixOS installations which are managed through *flakes* can use the hosts file like this:
+
+```nix
+{
+  inputs.hosts.url = github:StevenBlack/hosts;
+  outputs = { self, nixpkgs, hosts }: {
+    nixosConfigurations.my-hostname = {
+      system = "<architecture>";
+      modules = [
+        hosts.nixosModule {
+          networking.stevenBlackHosts.enable = true;
+        }
+      ];
+    };
+  };
+}
+```
+
+The hosts extensions are also available with the following options:
+
+```nix
+{
+  networking.stevenBlackHosts = {
+    blockFakenews = true;
+    blockGambling = true;
+    blockPorn = true;
+    blockSocial = true;
+  };
+}
+```
+
 ## Updating hosts file on Windows

 (NOTE: See also some third-party Hosts managers, listed below.)
@@ -312,26 +389,27 @@ saying that for this to work, you must be connected to the internet.

 To open a command prompt as administrator in the repository's directory, do the following:

-**Windows XP**: Start → Run → `cmd`
-
-**Windows Vista, 7**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
-
-**Windows 8**: Start → Swipe Up → All Apps → Windows System → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
-
-**Windows 10**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows XP**: Start → Run → `cmd`
+* **Windows Vista, 7**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows 8**: Start → Swipe Up → All Apps → Windows System → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows 10**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"

 You can also refer to the "Third-Party Hosts Managers" section for further recommended solutions from third parties.

+### Warning: Using this `hosts` file in Windows may require disabling DNS Cache service
+
+Windows has issues with larger hosts files. Recent changes in security within Windows 10 denies
+access to changing services via other tools except registry hacks. Use the `disable-dnscache-service-win.cmd`
+file to make proper changes to the Windows registry. You will need to reboot your device once that's done.
+See the [the comments within the `cmd` file](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/disable-dnscache-service-win.cmd)
+for more details.
+
 ## Reloading hosts file

 Your operating system will cache DNS lookups. You can either reboot or run the following commands to
 manually flush your DNS cache once the new hosts file is in place.

-| The Google Chrome browser may require manually cleaning up its DNS Cache on `chrome://net-internals/#dns` page to thereafter see the changes in your hosts file. See: <https://superuser.com/questions/723703>
-:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+The Google Chrome browser may require manually cleaning up its DNS Cache on `chrome://net-internals/#dns` page to thereafter see the changes in your hosts file. See: <https://superuser.com/questions/723703>

 ### Windows

@@ -341,47 +419,34 @@ Open a command prompt with administrator privileges and run this command:
 ipconfig /flushdns
 ```

-Before flushing the DNS cache, open a command prompt with administrator privileges and run this command:
-
-```bat
-sc config "Dnscache" start=disabled
-sc stop "Dnscache"
-```
-
 ### Linux

 Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

-**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+* **Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+* **Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`
+* **Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`
+* **Fedora Linux**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+* **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Network Manager**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+* **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`
+* **RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
+* **FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`

-**Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`
+  To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:

-**Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`
+  ```sh
+  sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
+  sudo service nscd start
+  ```

-**Fedora Linux**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+  Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:

-**Arch Linux/Manjaro with Network Manager**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+  ```text
+  hosts: cache files dns
+  ```

-**Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`
-
-**RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
-
-**FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`
-
-To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:
-
-```sh
-sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
-sudo service nscd start
-```
-
-Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:
-
-```text
-hosts: cache files dns
-```
-
-**Others**: Consult [this Wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).
+* **NixOS**: The `nscd.service` is automatically restarted when the option `networking.extraHosts` was changed.
+* **Others**: Consult [this Wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).

 ### macOS

@@ -403,11 +468,8 @@ This is why the [package.json](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/
 The goals of this repo are to:

 1. automatically combine high-quality lists of hosts,
-
 2. provide situation-appropriate extensions,
-
 3. de-dupe the resultant combined list,
-
 4. and keep the resultant file reasonably sized.

 A high-quality source is defined here as one that is actively curated.  A
@@ -421,26 +483,24 @@ devices under a variety of operating systems.
 ## Third-Party Hosts Managers

 * [Unified Hosts AutoUpdate](https://github.com/ScriptTiger/Unified-Hosts-AutoUpdate "Unified Hosts AutoUpdate") (for Windows): The Unified Hosts AutoUpdate package is purpose-built for this unified hosts project as well as in active development by community members. You can install and uninstall any blacklist and keep it automatically up to date, and can be placed in a shared network location and deployed across an organization via group policies. And since it is in active development by community members, your bug reports, feature requests, and other feedback are most welcome.
-
 * [ViHoMa](https://github.com/cmabad/ViHoMa) is a Visual Hosts file Manager, written in Java, by Christian Martínez.  Check it out!

 ## Interesting Applications

+* [Hosts-BL](https://github.com/ScriptTiger/Hosts-BL "Hosts-BL") is a simple tool to handle hosts file black lists. It can remove comments, remove duplicates, compress to 9 domains per line, add IPv6 entries. In addition, it can also convert black lists to multiple other black list formats compatible with other software, such as dnsmasq, DualServer, RPZ, Privoxy, and Unbound, to name a few.
+* [Host Minder](https://github.com/jeremehancock/hostminder#readme) is a simple GUI that allows you to easily update your /etc/hosts file to one of four consolidated hosts files from StevenBlack/hosts. It is provided as a deb package and comes pre-installed on [UbuntuCE](https://ubuntuce.com/).
+* [Maza ad blocking](https://github.com/tanrax/maza-ad-blocking) is a bash script that automatically updates host file. You can also update a fresh copy. And each time it generates a dnsmasq-compatible configuration file. Fast installation, compatible with MacOS, Linux and BSD.
 * [Hostile](https://github.com/feross/hostile) is a nifty command line utility to easily add or remove domains from your hosts file.  If our hosts files are too aggressive for you, you can use `hostile` to remove domains, or you can use `hostile` in a bash script to automate a post process each time you download fresh versions of hosts.
-
-* [macOS Scripting for Configuration, Backup and Restore](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config) helps customizing, re-installing and using macOS. It also provides a [script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/hosts_file_generator.sh) to install and update the hosts file using this project on macOS. In combination with a [launchd](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/com.hostsfile.install_update.plist) it updates the hosts file every x days (default is 4). To install both download the GitHub repo and run the [install script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/install_hosts_file_generator_and_launchdservice.sh) from the directory one level up.
-
-* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources. This is a very interesting project to set up yourself, or you can [buy one pre-loaded](https://uk.pi-supply.com/products/pi-hole-poe-edition-the-network-wide-ad-blocker).
-
+* [macOS Scripting for Configuration, Backup and Restore](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config) helps customizing, re-installing and using macOS. It also provides a [script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/hosts_file_generator.sh) to install and update the hosts file using this project on macOS. In combination with a [launchd](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/com.hostsfile.install_update.plist) it updates the hosts file every x days (default is 4). To install both, download the GitHub repo and run the [install script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/install_hosts_file_generator_and_launchdservice.sh) from the directory one level up.
+* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources.
 * [Block ads and malware via local BIND9 DNS server](https://github.com/mueller-ma/block-ads-via-dns "Block ads and malware via local DNS server") (for Debian, Raspbian & Ubuntu): Set up a local DNS server with a `/etc/bind/named.conf.blocked` file, sourced from here.
-
 * [Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server](https://scripttiger.github.io/dualserver/ "Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server") (for BSD, Windows & Linux): Set up a blacklist for everyone on your network using the power of the unified hosts reformatted for DualServer. And if you're on Windows, this project also maintains an update script to make updating DualServer's blacklist even easier.
-
 * [Blocking ads and malwares with unbound](https://deadc0de.re/articles/unbound-blocking-ads.html "Blocking ads and malwares with unbound") – [Unbound](https://www.unbound.net/ "Unbound is a validating, recursive, and caching DNS resolver.") is a validating, recursive, and caching DNS resolver.
+* [dnsmasq conversion script](https://gist.github.com/erlepereira/c11f4f7a3f60cd2071e79018e895fc8a#file-dnsmasq-antimalware) This GitHub gist has a short shell script (bash, will work on any 'nix) and uses `wget` & `awk` present in most distros, to fetch a specified hosts file and convert it to the format required by dnsmasq. Supports IPv4 and IPv6. Designed to be used as either a shell script, or can be dropped into `/etc/cron.weekly` (or wherever suits). The script is short and easily edited, also has a short document attached with notes on dnsmasq setup.
+* [BlackHosts - Command Line Installer/Updater](https://github.com/Lateralus138/blackhosts) This is a cross-platform command line utility to help install/update hosts files found at this repository.
+* [dnscrypt-proxy](https://github.com/DNSCrypt/dnscrypt-proxy/wiki/Combining-Blocklists) provides a tool to build block lists from local and remote lists in common formats.

-* [dnsmasq conversion script](https://gist.github.com/erlepereira/c11f4f7a3f60cd2071e79018e895fc8a#file-dnsmasq-antimalware) This GitHub gist has a short shell script (bash, will work on any 'nix) and uses `wget` & `awk` present in most distros, to fetch a specified hosts file and convert it the format required by dnsmasq. Supports IPv4 and IPv6. Designed to be used as either a shell script, or can be dropped into /etc/cron.weekly (or wherever suits). The script is short and easily edited, also has a short document attached with notes on dnsmasq setup.
-
-## Contribute!
+## Contribute

 Please read our [Contributing Guide](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/contributing.md). Among other things, this explains how we organize files and folders in this repository.

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
----
 **Take Note!**
- This version of the Hosts file generator, and tests, are for Python 3.5+ only.
- With the exception of issues and PRs regarding changes to `hosts/data/StevenBlack/hosts`, all other issues regarding the content of the produced hosts files should be made with the appropriate data source that contributed the content in question. The contact information for all of the data sources can be found in the `hosts/data/` directory.
+
+* With the exception of issues and PRs regarding changes to `hosts/data/StevenBlack/hosts`, all other issues regarding the content of the produced hosts files should be made with the appropriate data source that contributed the content in question. The contact information for all of the data sources can be found in the `hosts/data/` directory.
+
 ----

 ![Logo](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/.github/logo.png)
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 [![license](https://img.shields.io/github/license/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/license.txt)
 [![repo size](https://img.shields.io/github/repo-size/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts)
 [![contributors](https://img.shields.io/github/contributors/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/graphs/contributors)
-[![Build Status](https://img.shields.io/travis/StevenBlack/hosts/master.svg)](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts)
+[![Build Status](https://img.shields.io/github/workflow/status/StevenBlack/hosts/CI/master)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/actions?query=workflow%3ACI+branch%3Amaster)
 [![Code style: black](https://img.shields.io/badge/code%20style-black-000000.svg)](https://github.com/python/black)
 [![commits since last release](https://img.shields.io/github/commits-since/StevenBlack/hosts/latest.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
 [![last commit](https://img.shields.io/github/last-commit/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
@@ -21,37 +21,36 @@
 This repository consolidates several reputable `hosts` files, and merges them
 into a unified hosts file with duplicates removed.  A variety of tailored hosts files are provided.

-* Last updated: **April 07 2020**.
-* Here's the [raw hosts file with gambling, porn extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) containing 73,582 entries.
+* Last updated: **May 05 2022**.
+* Here's the [raw hosts file with gambling, porn extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) containing 158,988 entries.
 * Logo by [@Tobaloidee](https://github.com/Tobaloidee).

-
 ## List of all hosts file variants

 This repository offers [15 different host file variants](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates), in addition to the base variant.

 The **Non GitHub mirror** is the link to use for some hosts file managers like
-[Hostsman for Windows](http://www.abelhadigital.com/hostsman/) that don't work
+[Hostsman for Windows](https://www.abelhadigital.com/hostsman/) that don't work
 with GitHub download links.

 Host file recipe | Readme | Raw hosts | Unique domains | Non GitHub mirror
 ---------------- |:------:|:---------:|:--------------:|:-------------:
-Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 54,456 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 55,398 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 56,777 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 71,261 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 57,207 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 57,719 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 72,203 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 58,149 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 73,582 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 59,528 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 74,011 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 74,524 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 60,470 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 74,953 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 76,332 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 77,274 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 113,498 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 115,693 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 116,036 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 156,450 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 116,313 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 118,231 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 158,644 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 118,508 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 158,988 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 118,851 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 159,264 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 161,183 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 121,046 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 161,458 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 161,802 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 163,997 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)


 **Expectation**: These unified hosts files should serve all devices, regardless
@@ -65,29 +64,32 @@ included:
 Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License | Issues
 -----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:----------------:|:-------:|:------:
 Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues)
-Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone' | [issues](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/contact.php)
-add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-hostsVN | Hosts block ads of Vietnamese |[link](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/master/option/hosts-VN) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/issues)
-add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org/) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution | [issues](hosts@someonewhocares.org)
-MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com)
-yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org)
+AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | frequently | CC BY 3.0 | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/issues)
+add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+AdguardTeam cname trackers | CNAME-cloaked tracking abuses. |[link](https://github.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers/master/combined_disguised_trackers_justdomains.txt) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers/issues)
 Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/issues)
-URLHaus | A project from [abuse.ch](https://abuse.ch/) with the goal of sharing malicious URLs. |[link](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/) | [raw](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/downloads/hostfile/) | weekly | CC0 | [issues](mailto:cosntacptamem@abuse.ch)
-UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://kadantiscam.netlify.com/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/master/KADhosts_without_controversies.txt) | frequently | CC BY-SA 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/issues)
-AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0 | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/AdAway/issues)
-add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+hostsVN | Hosts block ads of Vietnamese |[link](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/master/option/hosts-VN) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/issues)
+KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://kadantiscam.netlify.app/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | CC BY-SA 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/issues)
+MetaMask eth-phishing-detect | Phishing domains targeting Ethereum users. |[link](https://github.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect/master/src/hosts.txt) | frequent | DON'T BE A DICK PUBLIC LICENSE | [issues](https://github.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect/issues)
+minecraft-hosts | Minecraft related tracker hosts |[link](https://github.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts/master/lists/tracking.txt) | occasionally | CC0-1.0 | [issues](https://github.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts/issues)
+MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](https://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](https://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com)
+shady-hosts | Analytics, ad, and activity monitoring hosts |[link](https://github.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts/main/hosts) | occasionally | CC0-1.0 | [issues](https://github.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts/issues)
+Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org/) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution | [issues](mailto:hosts@someonewhocares.org)
 Tiuxo hostlist - ads | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/ads) | occasional | CC BY 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues)
+UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+URLHaus | A project from [abuse.ch](https://abuse.ch/) with the goal of sharing malicious URLs. |[link](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/) | [raw](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/downloads/hostfile/) | weekly | CC0 | [issues](mailto:contactme@abuse.ch)
+yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org)
 Sinfonietta's gambling blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/gambling-hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues)
-Sinfonietta's snuff-site blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/snuff-hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues)
-pornhosts -- a consolidated anti porn hosts file | This is an endeavour to find all porn domains and compile them into a single hosts to allow for easy blocking of porn on your local machine or on a network. |[link](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/master/0.0.0.0/hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/issues)
+brijrajparmar27 - pornography | hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/brijrajparmar27/host-sources) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/brijrajparmar27/host-sources/master/Porn/hosts) | occasional | CC BY 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/brijrajparmar27/host-sources/issues)
+pornhosts -- a consolidated anti porn hosts file | This is an endeavour to find all porn domains and compile them into a single hosts to allow for easy blocking of porn on your local machine or on a network. |[link](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/extensions/porn/clefspeare13/hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/issues)
 Sinfonietta's porn blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/pornography-hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues)
+Sinfonietta's snuff-site blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/snuff-hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues)
 Tiuxo hostlist - pornography | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/porn) | occasional | CC BY 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues)


-
 ## Extensions

 The unified hosts file is optionally extensible.  Extensions are used to include domains by category.  Currently, we offer the following categories: `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn`.
@@ -99,7 +101,28 @@ folder tree, where you will find the data for `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`,

 ## Generate your own unified hosts file

-To generate your own unified hosts file you will need Python 3.5 or later.
+You have two options to generate your own hosts file.  You can do it in your own environment, or within a Docker container.  We'll cover Docker first because it's a short section.
+
+### Option 1: Generate in a Docker container
+
+We provide a [Dockerfile](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/Dockerfile) that you can use to create a Docker container with everything you need.
+The container will contain Python 3 and all its dependency requirements, and a copy of the latest version of this repository.
+
+Build the Docker container like this:
+
+```sh
+docker build ./
+```
+
+Access the terminal like this:
+
+```sh
+docker run -it (containerid) bash
+```
+
+### Option 2: Generate it in your own environment
+
+To generate your own amalgamated hosts files you will need Python 3.6 or later.

 First, install the dependencies with:

@@ -109,7 +132,9 @@ pip3 install --user -r requirements.txt

 **Note** we recommend the `--user` flag which installs the required dependencies at the user level. More information about it can be found on pip [documentation](https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip_install/?highlight=--user#cmdoption-user).

-To run unit tests, in the top-level directory, run:
+### Common steps regardless of your development environment
+
+To **run unit tests**, in the top-level directory, run:

 ```sh
 python3 testUpdateHostsFile.py
@@ -120,15 +145,11 @@ local `data/` subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch upd
 (from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each source's folder). Otherwise, it
 will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

-### Usage
-
-#### Using Python 3:
-
 ```sh
 python3 updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]
 ```

-#### Command line options:
+#### Command line options

 `--help`, or `-h`: display help.

@@ -168,6 +189,11 @@ in a subfolder.  If the subfolder does not exist, it will be created.
 section at the top, containing lines like `127.0.0.1 localhost`.  This is
 useful for configuring proximate DNS services on the local network.

+`--nogendata`, or `-g`: `false` (default) or `true`, skip the generation of the
+readmeData.json file used for generating readme.md files.  This is useful if you are
+generating host files with additional whitelists or blacklists and want to keep your
+local checkout of this repo unmodified.
+
 `--compress`, or `-c`: `false` (default) or `true`, *Compress* the hosts file
 ignoring non-necessary lines (empty lines and comments) and putting multiple
 domains in each line. Reducing the number of lines of the hosts file improves
@@ -178,6 +204,12 @@ each domain on a separate line. This is necessary because many implementations
 of URL blockers that rely on `hosts` files do not conform to the standard which
 allows multiple hosts on a single line.

+`--blacklist <blacklistfile>`, or `-x <blacklistfile>`: Append the given blacklist file
+in hosts format to the generated hosts file.
+
+`--whitelist <whitelistfile>`, or `-w <whitelistfile>`: Use the given whitelist file
+to remove hosts from the generated hosts file.
+
 ## How do I control which sources are unified?

 Add one or more *additional* sources, each in a subfolder of the `data/`
@@ -224,8 +256,7 @@ If you discover sketchy domains you feel should be included here, here are some

 The best way to get new domains included is to submit an issue to any of the data providers whose home pages are [listed here](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts#sources-of-hosts-data-unified-in-this-variant). This is best because once you submit new domains, they will be curated and updated by the dedicated folks who maintain these sources.

-
-### Option 2: add your domains to Steven Black's personal data file
+### Option 2: Fork this repository, add your domains to Steven Black's personal data file, and submit a pull request

 Fork this hosts this repo and add your links to [https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts).

@@ -237,7 +268,6 @@ Then, submit a pull request.

 If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existence of your repo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.

-
 ## What is a hosts file?

 A hosts file, named `hosts` (with no file extension), is a plain-text file
@@ -276,22 +306,69 @@ interfere with a web server that may be running on the local PC.

 We tried that.  Using `0` doesn't work universally.

-
 ## Location of your hosts file

 To modify your current `hosts` file, look for it in the following places and modify it with a text
 editor.

-**macOS (until 10.14.x macOS Mojave), iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.
-
-**macOS Catalina:** `/private/etc/hosts` file.
-
-**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.
+* **macOS (until 10.14.x macOS Mojave), iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.
+* **macOS Catalina:** `/private/etc/hosts` file.
+* **Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.

 ## Gentoo

 Gentoo users may find [`sb-hosts`](https://github.com/PF4Public/gentoo-overlay/tree/master/net-misc/sb-hosts) in [::pf4public](https://github.com/PF4Public/gentoo-overlay) Gentoo overlay

+## NixOS
+
+To install hosts file on your machine add the following into your `configuration.nix`:
+
+```nix
+{
+  networking.extraHosts = let
+    hostsPath = https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts;
+    hostsFile = builtins.fetchurl hostsPath;
+  in builtins.readFile "${hostsFile}";
+}
+```
+
+* NOTE: Change `hostsPath` if you need other versions of hosts file.
+* NOTE: The call to `fetchurl` is impure.
+Use `fetchFromGitHub` with the exact commit if you want to always get the same result.
+
+### Nix Flake
+
+NixOS installations which are managed through *flakes* can use the hosts file like this:
+
+```nix
+{
+  inputs.hosts.url = github:StevenBlack/hosts;
+  outputs = { self, nixpkgs, hosts }: {
+    nixosConfigurations.my-hostname = {
+      system = "<architecture>";
+      modules = [
+        hosts.nixosModule {
+          networking.stevenBlackHosts.enable = true;
+        }
+      ];
+    };
+  };
+}
+```
+
+The hosts extensions are also available with the following options:
+
+```nix
+{
+  networking.stevenBlackHosts = {
+    blockFakenews = true;
+    blockGambling = true;
+    blockPorn = true;
+    blockSocial = true;
+  };
+}
+```
+
 ## Updating hosts file on Windows

 (NOTE: See also some third-party Hosts managers, listed below.)
@@ -310,26 +387,27 @@ saying that for this to work, you must be connected to the internet.

 To open a command prompt as administrator in the repository's directory, do the following:

-**Windows XP**: Start → Run → `cmd`
-
-**Windows Vista, 7**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
-
-**Windows 8**: Start → Swipe Up → All Apps → Windows System → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
-
-**Windows 10**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows XP**: Start → Run → `cmd`
+* **Windows Vista, 7**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows 8**: Start → Swipe Up → All Apps → Windows System → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows 10**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"

 You can also refer to the "Third-Party Hosts Managers" section for further recommended solutions from third parties.

+### Warning: Using this `hosts` file in Windows may require disabling DNS Cache service
+
+Windows has issues with larger hosts files. Recent changes in security within Windows 10 denies
+access to changing services via other tools except registry hacks. Use the `disable-dnscache-service-win.cmd`
+file to make proper changes to the Windows registry. You will need to reboot your device once that's done.
+See the [the comments within the `cmd` file](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/disable-dnscache-service-win.cmd)
+for more details.
+
 ## Reloading hosts file

 Your operating system will cache DNS lookups. You can either reboot or run the following commands to
 manually flush your DNS cache once the new hosts file is in place.

-| The Google Chrome browser may require manually cleaning up its DNS Cache on `chrome://net-internals/#dns` page to thereafter see the changes in your hosts file. See: <https://superuser.com/questions/723703>
-:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+The Google Chrome browser may require manually cleaning up its DNS Cache on `chrome://net-internals/#dns` page to thereafter see the changes in your hosts file. See: <https://superuser.com/questions/723703>

 ### Windows

@@ -339,47 +417,34 @@ Open a command prompt with administrator privileges and run this command:
 ipconfig /flushdns
 ```

-Before flushing the DNS cache, open a command prompt with administrator privileges and run this command:
-
-```bat
-sc config "Dnscache" start=disabled
-sc stop "Dnscache"
-```
-
 ### Linux

 Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

-**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+* **Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+* **Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`
+* **Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`
+* **Fedora Linux**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+* **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Network Manager**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+* **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`
+* **RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
+* **FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`

-**Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`
+  To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:

-**Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`
+  ```sh
+  sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
+  sudo service nscd start
+  ```

-**Fedora Linux**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+  Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:

-**Arch Linux/Manjaro with Network Manager**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+  ```text
+  hosts: cache files dns
+  ```

-**Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`
-
-**RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
-
-**FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`
-
-To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:
-
-```sh
-sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
-sudo service nscd start
-```
-
-Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:
-
-```text
-hosts: cache files dns
-```
-
-**Others**: Consult [this Wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).
+* **NixOS**: The `nscd.service` is automatically restarted when the option `networking.extraHosts` was changed.
+* **Others**: Consult [this Wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).

 ### macOS

@@ -401,11 +466,8 @@ This is why the [package.json](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/
 The goals of this repo are to:

 1. automatically combine high-quality lists of hosts,
-
 2. provide situation-appropriate extensions,
-
 3. de-dupe the resultant combined list,
-
 4. and keep the resultant file reasonably sized.

 A high-quality source is defined here as one that is actively curated.  A
@@ -419,26 +481,24 @@ devices under a variety of operating systems.
 ## Third-Party Hosts Managers

 * [Unified Hosts AutoUpdate](https://github.com/ScriptTiger/Unified-Hosts-AutoUpdate "Unified Hosts AutoUpdate") (for Windows): The Unified Hosts AutoUpdate package is purpose-built for this unified hosts project as well as in active development by community members. You can install and uninstall any blacklist and keep it automatically up to date, and can be placed in a shared network location and deployed across an organization via group policies. And since it is in active development by community members, your bug reports, feature requests, and other feedback are most welcome.
-
 * [ViHoMa](https://github.com/cmabad/ViHoMa) is a Visual Hosts file Manager, written in Java, by Christian Martínez.  Check it out!

 ## Interesting Applications

+* [Hosts-BL](https://github.com/ScriptTiger/Hosts-BL "Hosts-BL") is a simple tool to handle hosts file black lists. It can remove comments, remove duplicates, compress to 9 domains per line, add IPv6 entries. In addition, it can also convert black lists to multiple other black list formats compatible with other software, such as dnsmasq, DualServer, RPZ, Privoxy, and Unbound, to name a few.
+* [Host Minder](https://github.com/jeremehancock/hostminder#readme) is a simple GUI that allows you to easily update your /etc/hosts file to one of four consolidated hosts files from StevenBlack/hosts. It is provided as a deb package and comes pre-installed on [UbuntuCE](https://ubuntuce.com/).
+* [Maza ad blocking](https://github.com/tanrax/maza-ad-blocking) is a bash script that automatically updates host file. You can also update a fresh copy. And each time it generates a dnsmasq-compatible configuration file. Fast installation, compatible with MacOS, Linux and BSD.
 * [Hostile](https://github.com/feross/hostile) is a nifty command line utility to easily add or remove domains from your hosts file.  If our hosts files are too aggressive for you, you can use `hostile` to remove domains, or you can use `hostile` in a bash script to automate a post process each time you download fresh versions of hosts.
-
-* [macOS Scripting for Configuration, Backup and Restore](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config) helps customizing, re-installing and using macOS. It also provides a [script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/hosts_file_generator.sh) to install and update the hosts file using this project on macOS. In combination with a [launchd](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/com.hostsfile.install_update.plist) it updates the hosts file every x days (default is 4). To install both download the GitHub repo and run the [install script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/install_hosts_file_generator_and_launchdservice.sh) from the directory one level up.
-
-* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources. This is a very interesting project to set up yourself, or you can [buy one pre-loaded](https://uk.pi-supply.com/products/pi-hole-poe-edition-the-network-wide-ad-blocker).
-
+* [macOS Scripting for Configuration, Backup and Restore](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config) helps customizing, re-installing and using macOS. It also provides a [script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/hosts_file_generator.sh) to install and update the hosts file using this project on macOS. In combination with a [launchd](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/com.hostsfile.install_update.plist) it updates the hosts file every x days (default is 4). To install both, download the GitHub repo and run the [install script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/install_hosts_file_generator_and_launchdservice.sh) from the directory one level up.
+* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources.
 * [Block ads and malware via local BIND9 DNS server](https://github.com/mueller-ma/block-ads-via-dns "Block ads and malware via local DNS server") (for Debian, Raspbian & Ubuntu): Set up a local DNS server with a `/etc/bind/named.conf.blocked` file, sourced from here.
-
 * [Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server](https://scripttiger.github.io/dualserver/ "Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server") (for BSD, Windows & Linux): Set up a blacklist for everyone on your network using the power of the unified hosts reformatted for DualServer. And if you're on Windows, this project also maintains an update script to make updating DualServer's blacklist even easier.
-
 * [Blocking ads and malwares with unbound](https://deadc0de.re/articles/unbound-blocking-ads.html "Blocking ads and malwares with unbound") – [Unbound](https://www.unbound.net/ "Unbound is a validating, recursive, and caching DNS resolver.") is a validating, recursive, and caching DNS resolver.
+* [dnsmasq conversion script](https://gist.github.com/erlepereira/c11f4f7a3f60cd2071e79018e895fc8a#file-dnsmasq-antimalware) This GitHub gist has a short shell script (bash, will work on any 'nix) and uses `wget` & `awk` present in most distros, to fetch a specified hosts file and convert it to the format required by dnsmasq. Supports IPv4 and IPv6. Designed to be used as either a shell script, or can be dropped into `/etc/cron.weekly` (or wherever suits). The script is short and easily edited, also has a short document attached with notes on dnsmasq setup.
+* [BlackHosts - Command Line Installer/Updater](https://github.com/Lateralus138/blackhosts) This is a cross-platform command line utility to help install/update hosts files found at this repository.
+* [dnscrypt-proxy](https://github.com/DNSCrypt/dnscrypt-proxy/wiki/Combining-Blocklists) provides a tool to build block lists from local and remote lists in common formats.

-* [dnsmasq conversion script](https://gist.github.com/erlepereira/c11f4f7a3f60cd2071e79018e895fc8a#file-dnsmasq-antimalware) This GitHub gist has a short shell script (bash, will work on any 'nix) and uses `wget` & `awk` present in most distros, to fetch a specified hosts file and convert it the format required by dnsmasq. Supports IPv4 and IPv6. Designed to be used as either a shell script, or can be dropped into /etc/cron.weekly (or wherever suits). The script is short and easily edited, also has a short document attached with notes on dnsmasq setup.
-
-## Contribute!
+## Contribute

 Please read our [Contributing Guide](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/contributing.md). Among other things, this explains how we organize files and folders in this repository.

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
----
 **Take Note!**
- This version of the Hosts file generator, and tests, are for Python 3.5+ only.
- With the exception of issues and PRs regarding changes to `hosts/data/StevenBlack/hosts`, all other issues regarding the content of the produced hosts files should be made with the appropriate data source that contributed the content in question. The contact information for all of the data sources can be found in the `hosts/data/` directory.
+
+* With the exception of issues and PRs regarding changes to `hosts/data/StevenBlack/hosts`, all other issues regarding the content of the produced hosts files should be made with the appropriate data source that contributed the content in question. The contact information for all of the data sources can be found in the `hosts/data/` directory.
+
 ----

 ![Logo](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/.github/logo.png)
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 [![license](https://img.shields.io/github/license/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/license.txt)
 [![repo size](https://img.shields.io/github/repo-size/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts)
 [![contributors](https://img.shields.io/github/contributors/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/graphs/contributors)
-[![Build Status](https://img.shields.io/travis/StevenBlack/hosts/master.svg)](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts)
+[![Build Status](https://img.shields.io/github/workflow/status/StevenBlack/hosts/CI/master)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/actions?query=workflow%3ACI+branch%3Amaster)
 [![Code style: black](https://img.shields.io/badge/code%20style-black-000000.svg)](https://github.com/python/black)
 [![commits since last release](https://img.shields.io/github/commits-since/StevenBlack/hosts/latest.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
 [![last commit](https://img.shields.io/github/last-commit/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
@@ -21,37 +21,36 @@
 This repository consolidates several reputable `hosts` files, and merges them
 into a unified hosts file with duplicates removed.  A variety of tailored hosts files are provided.

-* Last updated: **April 07 2020**.
-* Here's the [raw hosts file with gambling, social extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) containing 59,528 entries.
+* Last updated: **May 05 2022**.
+* Here's the [raw hosts file with gambling, social extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) containing 118,851 entries.
 * Logo by [@Tobaloidee](https://github.com/Tobaloidee).

-
 ## List of all hosts file variants

 This repository offers [15 different host file variants](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates), in addition to the base variant.

 The **Non GitHub mirror** is the link to use for some hosts file managers like
-[Hostsman for Windows](http://www.abelhadigital.com/hostsman/) that don't work
+[Hostsman for Windows](https://www.abelhadigital.com/hostsman/) that don't work
 with GitHub download links.

 Host file recipe | Readme | Raw hosts | Unique domains | Non GitHub mirror
 ---------------- |:------:|:---------:|:--------------:|:-------------:
-Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 54,456 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 55,398 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 56,777 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 71,261 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 57,207 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 57,719 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 72,203 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 58,149 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 73,582 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 59,528 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 74,011 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 74,524 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 60,470 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 74,953 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 76,332 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 77,274 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 113,498 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 115,693 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 116,036 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 156,450 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 116,313 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 118,231 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 158,644 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 118,508 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 158,988 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 118,851 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 159,264 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 161,183 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 121,046 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 161,458 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 161,802 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 163,997 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)


 **Expectation**: These unified hosts files should serve all devices, regardless
@@ -65,27 +64,29 @@ included:
 Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License | Issues
 -----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:----------------:|:-------:|:------:
 Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues)
-Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone' | [issues](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/contact.php)
-add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-hostsVN | Hosts block ads of Vietnamese |[link](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/master/option/hosts-VN) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/issues)
-add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org/) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution | [issues](hosts@someonewhocares.org)
-MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com)
-yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org)
+AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | frequently | CC BY 3.0 | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/issues)
+add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+AdguardTeam cname trackers | CNAME-cloaked tracking abuses. |[link](https://github.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers/master/combined_disguised_trackers_justdomains.txt) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers/issues)
 Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/issues)
-URLHaus | A project from [abuse.ch](https://abuse.ch/) with the goal of sharing malicious URLs. |[link](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/) | [raw](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/downloads/hostfile/) | weekly | CC0 | [issues](mailto:cosntacptamem@abuse.ch)
-UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://kadantiscam.netlify.com/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/master/KADhosts_without_controversies.txt) | frequently | CC BY-SA 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/issues)
-AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0 | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/AdAway/issues)
-add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+hostsVN | Hosts block ads of Vietnamese |[link](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/master/option/hosts-VN) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/issues)
+KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://kadantiscam.netlify.app/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | CC BY-SA 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/issues)
+MetaMask eth-phishing-detect | Phishing domains targeting Ethereum users. |[link](https://github.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect/master/src/hosts.txt) | frequent | DON'T BE A DICK PUBLIC LICENSE | [issues](https://github.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect/issues)
+minecraft-hosts | Minecraft related tracker hosts |[link](https://github.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts/master/lists/tracking.txt) | occasionally | CC0-1.0 | [issues](https://github.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts/issues)
+MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](https://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](https://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com)
+shady-hosts | Analytics, ad, and activity monitoring hosts |[link](https://github.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts/main/hosts) | occasionally | CC0-1.0 | [issues](https://github.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts/issues)
+Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org/) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution | [issues](mailto:hosts@someonewhocares.org)
 Tiuxo hostlist - ads | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/ads) | occasional | CC BY 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues)
+UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+URLHaus | A project from [abuse.ch](https://abuse.ch/) with the goal of sharing malicious URLs. |[link](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/) | [raw](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/downloads/hostfile/) | weekly | CC0 | [issues](mailto:contactme@abuse.ch)
+yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org)
 Sinfonietta's gambling blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/gambling-hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues)
 Sinfonietta's social media blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/social-hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues)
 Tiuxo hostlist - social | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/social) | occasional | CC BY 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues)


-
 ## Extensions

 The unified hosts file is optionally extensible.  Extensions are used to include domains by category.  Currently, we offer the following categories: `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn`.
@@ -97,7 +98,28 @@ folder tree, where you will find the data for `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`,

 ## Generate your own unified hosts file

-To generate your own unified hosts file you will need Python 3.5 or later.
+You have two options to generate your own hosts file.  You can do it in your own environment, or within a Docker container.  We'll cover Docker first because it's a short section.
+
+### Option 1: Generate in a Docker container
+
+We provide a [Dockerfile](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/Dockerfile) that you can use to create a Docker container with everything you need.
+The container will contain Python 3 and all its dependency requirements, and a copy of the latest version of this repository.
+
+Build the Docker container like this:
+
+```sh
+docker build ./
+```
+
+Access the terminal like this:
+
+```sh
+docker run -it (containerid) bash
+```
+
+### Option 2: Generate it in your own environment
+
+To generate your own amalgamated hosts files you will need Python 3.6 or later.

 First, install the dependencies with:

@@ -107,7 +129,9 @@ pip3 install --user -r requirements.txt

 **Note** we recommend the `--user` flag which installs the required dependencies at the user level. More information about it can be found on pip [documentation](https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip_install/?highlight=--user#cmdoption-user).

-To run unit tests, in the top-level directory, run:
+### Common steps regardless of your development environment
+
+To **run unit tests**, in the top-level directory, run:

 ```sh
 python3 testUpdateHostsFile.py
@@ -118,15 +142,11 @@ local `data/` subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch upd
 (from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each source's folder). Otherwise, it
 will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

-### Usage
-
-#### Using Python 3:
-
 ```sh
 python3 updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]
 ```

-#### Command line options:
+#### Command line options

 `--help`, or `-h`: display help.

@@ -166,6 +186,11 @@ in a subfolder.  If the subfolder does not exist, it will be created.
 section at the top, containing lines like `127.0.0.1 localhost`.  This is
 useful for configuring proximate DNS services on the local network.

+`--nogendata`, or `-g`: `false` (default) or `true`, skip the generation of the
+readmeData.json file used for generating readme.md files.  This is useful if you are
+generating host files with additional whitelists or blacklists and want to keep your
+local checkout of this repo unmodified.
+
 `--compress`, or `-c`: `false` (default) or `true`, *Compress* the hosts file
 ignoring non-necessary lines (empty lines and comments) and putting multiple
 domains in each line. Reducing the number of lines of the hosts file improves
@@ -176,6 +201,12 @@ each domain on a separate line. This is necessary because many implementations
 of URL blockers that rely on `hosts` files do not conform to the standard which
 allows multiple hosts on a single line.

+`--blacklist <blacklistfile>`, or `-x <blacklistfile>`: Append the given blacklist file
+in hosts format to the generated hosts file.
+
+`--whitelist <whitelistfile>`, or `-w <whitelistfile>`: Use the given whitelist file
+to remove hosts from the generated hosts file.
+
 ## How do I control which sources are unified?

 Add one or more *additional* sources, each in a subfolder of the `data/`
@@ -222,8 +253,7 @@ If you discover sketchy domains you feel should be included here, here are some

 The best way to get new domains included is to submit an issue to any of the data providers whose home pages are [listed here](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts#sources-of-hosts-data-unified-in-this-variant). This is best because once you submit new domains, they will be curated and updated by the dedicated folks who maintain these sources.

-
-### Option 2: add your domains to Steven Black's personal data file
+### Option 2: Fork this repository, add your domains to Steven Black's personal data file, and submit a pull request

 Fork this hosts this repo and add your links to [https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts).

@@ -235,7 +265,6 @@ Then, submit a pull request.

 If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existence of your repo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.

-
 ## What is a hosts file?

 A hosts file, named `hosts` (with no file extension), is a plain-text file
@@ -274,22 +303,69 @@ interfere with a web server that may be running on the local PC.

 We tried that.  Using `0` doesn't work universally.

-
 ## Location of your hosts file

 To modify your current `hosts` file, look for it in the following places and modify it with a text
 editor.

-**macOS (until 10.14.x macOS Mojave), iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.
-
-**macOS Catalina:** `/private/etc/hosts` file.
-
-**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.
+* **macOS (until 10.14.x macOS Mojave), iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.
+* **macOS Catalina:** `/private/etc/hosts` file.
+* **Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.

 ## Gentoo

 Gentoo users may find [`sb-hosts`](https://github.com/PF4Public/gentoo-overlay/tree/master/net-misc/sb-hosts) in [::pf4public](https://github.com/PF4Public/gentoo-overlay) Gentoo overlay

+## NixOS
+
+To install hosts file on your machine add the following into your `configuration.nix`:
+
+```nix
+{
+  networking.extraHosts = let
+    hostsPath = https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts;
+    hostsFile = builtins.fetchurl hostsPath;
+  in builtins.readFile "${hostsFile}";
+}
+```
+
+* NOTE: Change `hostsPath` if you need other versions of hosts file.
+* NOTE: The call to `fetchurl` is impure.
+Use `fetchFromGitHub` with the exact commit if you want to always get the same result.
+
+### Nix Flake
+
+NixOS installations which are managed through *flakes* can use the hosts file like this:
+
+```nix
+{
+  inputs.hosts.url = github:StevenBlack/hosts;
+  outputs = { self, nixpkgs, hosts }: {
+    nixosConfigurations.my-hostname = {
+      system = "<architecture>";
+      modules = [
+        hosts.nixosModule {
+          networking.stevenBlackHosts.enable = true;
+        }
+      ];
+    };
+  };
+}
+```
+
+The hosts extensions are also available with the following options:
+
+```nix
+{
+  networking.stevenBlackHosts = {
+    blockFakenews = true;
+    blockGambling = true;
+    blockPorn = true;
+    blockSocial = true;
+  };
+}
+```
+
 ## Updating hosts file on Windows

 (NOTE: See also some third-party Hosts managers, listed below.)
@@ -308,26 +384,27 @@ saying that for this to work, you must be connected to the internet.

 To open a command prompt as administrator in the repository's directory, do the following:

-**Windows XP**: Start → Run → `cmd`
-
-**Windows Vista, 7**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
-
-**Windows 8**: Start → Swipe Up → All Apps → Windows System → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
-
-**Windows 10**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows XP**: Start → Run → `cmd`
+* **Windows Vista, 7**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows 8**: Start → Swipe Up → All Apps → Windows System → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows 10**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"

 You can also refer to the "Third-Party Hosts Managers" section for further recommended solutions from third parties.

+### Warning: Using this `hosts` file in Windows may require disabling DNS Cache service
+
+Windows has issues with larger hosts files. Recent changes in security within Windows 10 denies
+access to changing services via other tools except registry hacks. Use the `disable-dnscache-service-win.cmd`
+file to make proper changes to the Windows registry. You will need to reboot your device once that's done.
+See the [the comments within the `cmd` file](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/disable-dnscache-service-win.cmd)
+for more details.
+
 ## Reloading hosts file

 Your operating system will cache DNS lookups. You can either reboot or run the following commands to
 manually flush your DNS cache once the new hosts file is in place.

-| The Google Chrome browser may require manually cleaning up its DNS Cache on `chrome://net-internals/#dns` page to thereafter see the changes in your hosts file. See: <https://superuser.com/questions/723703>
-:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+The Google Chrome browser may require manually cleaning up its DNS Cache on `chrome://net-internals/#dns` page to thereafter see the changes in your hosts file. See: <https://superuser.com/questions/723703>

 ### Windows

@@ -337,47 +414,34 @@ Open a command prompt with administrator privileges and run this command:
 ipconfig /flushdns
 ```

-Before flushing the DNS cache, open a command prompt with administrator privileges and run this command:
-
-```bat
-sc config "Dnscache" start=disabled
-sc stop "Dnscache"
-```
-
 ### Linux

 Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

-**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+* **Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+* **Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`
+* **Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`
+* **Fedora Linux**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+* **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Network Manager**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+* **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`
+* **RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
+* **FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`

-**Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`
+  To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:

-**Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`
+  ```sh
+  sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
+  sudo service nscd start
+  ```

-**Fedora Linux**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+  Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:

-**Arch Linux/Manjaro with Network Manager**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+  ```text
+  hosts: cache files dns
+  ```

-**Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`
-
-**RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
-
-**FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`
-
-To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:
-
-```sh
-sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
-sudo service nscd start
-```
-
-Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:
-
-```text
-hosts: cache files dns
-```
-
-**Others**: Consult [this Wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).
+* **NixOS**: The `nscd.service` is automatically restarted when the option `networking.extraHosts` was changed.
+* **Others**: Consult [this Wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).

 ### macOS

@@ -399,11 +463,8 @@ This is why the [package.json](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/
 The goals of this repo are to:

 1. automatically combine high-quality lists of hosts,
-
 2. provide situation-appropriate extensions,
-
 3. de-dupe the resultant combined list,
-
 4. and keep the resultant file reasonably sized.

 A high-quality source is defined here as one that is actively curated.  A
@@ -417,26 +478,24 @@ devices under a variety of operating systems.
 ## Third-Party Hosts Managers

 * [Unified Hosts AutoUpdate](https://github.com/ScriptTiger/Unified-Hosts-AutoUpdate "Unified Hosts AutoUpdate") (for Windows): The Unified Hosts AutoUpdate package is purpose-built for this unified hosts project as well as in active development by community members. You can install and uninstall any blacklist and keep it automatically up to date, and can be placed in a shared network location and deployed across an organization via group policies. And since it is in active development by community members, your bug reports, feature requests, and other feedback are most welcome.
-
 * [ViHoMa](https://github.com/cmabad/ViHoMa) is a Visual Hosts file Manager, written in Java, by Christian Martínez.  Check it out!

 ## Interesting Applications

+* [Hosts-BL](https://github.com/ScriptTiger/Hosts-BL "Hosts-BL") is a simple tool to handle hosts file black lists. It can remove comments, remove duplicates, compress to 9 domains per line, add IPv6 entries. In addition, it can also convert black lists to multiple other black list formats compatible with other software, such as dnsmasq, DualServer, RPZ, Privoxy, and Unbound, to name a few.
+* [Host Minder](https://github.com/jeremehancock/hostminder#readme) is a simple GUI that allows you to easily update your /etc/hosts file to one of four consolidated hosts files from StevenBlack/hosts. It is provided as a deb package and comes pre-installed on [UbuntuCE](https://ubuntuce.com/).
+* [Maza ad blocking](https://github.com/tanrax/maza-ad-blocking) is a bash script that automatically updates host file. You can also update a fresh copy. And each time it generates a dnsmasq-compatible configuration file. Fast installation, compatible with MacOS, Linux and BSD.
 * [Hostile](https://github.com/feross/hostile) is a nifty command line utility to easily add or remove domains from your hosts file.  If our hosts files are too aggressive for you, you can use `hostile` to remove domains, or you can use `hostile` in a bash script to automate a post process each time you download fresh versions of hosts.
-
-* [macOS Scripting for Configuration, Backup and Restore](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config) helps customizing, re-installing and using macOS. It also provides a [script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/hosts_file_generator.sh) to install and update the hosts file using this project on macOS. In combination with a [launchd](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/com.hostsfile.install_update.plist) it updates the hosts file every x days (default is 4). To install both download the GitHub repo and run the [install script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/install_hosts_file_generator_and_launchdservice.sh) from the directory one level up.
-
-* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources. This is a very interesting project to set up yourself, or you can [buy one pre-loaded](https://uk.pi-supply.com/products/pi-hole-poe-edition-the-network-wide-ad-blocker).
-
+* [macOS Scripting for Configuration, Backup and Restore](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config) helps customizing, re-installing and using macOS. It also provides a [script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/hosts_file_generator.sh) to install and update the hosts file using this project on macOS. In combination with a [launchd](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/com.hostsfile.install_update.plist) it updates the hosts file every x days (default is 4). To install both, download the GitHub repo and run the [install script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/install_hosts_file_generator_and_launchdservice.sh) from the directory one level up.
+* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources.
 * [Block ads and malware via local BIND9 DNS server](https://github.com/mueller-ma/block-ads-via-dns "Block ads and malware via local DNS server") (for Debian, Raspbian & Ubuntu): Set up a local DNS server with a `/etc/bind/named.conf.blocked` file, sourced from here.
-
 * [Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server](https://scripttiger.github.io/dualserver/ "Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server") (for BSD, Windows & Linux): Set up a blacklist for everyone on your network using the power of the unified hosts reformatted for DualServer. And if you're on Windows, this project also maintains an update script to make updating DualServer's blacklist even easier.
-
 * [Blocking ads and malwares with unbound](https://deadc0de.re/articles/unbound-blocking-ads.html "Blocking ads and malwares with unbound") – [Unbound](https://www.unbound.net/ "Unbound is a validating, recursive, and caching DNS resolver.") is a validating, recursive, and caching DNS resolver.
+* [dnsmasq conversion script](https://gist.github.com/erlepereira/c11f4f7a3f60cd2071e79018e895fc8a#file-dnsmasq-antimalware) This GitHub gist has a short shell script (bash, will work on any 'nix) and uses `wget` & `awk` present in most distros, to fetch a specified hosts file and convert it to the format required by dnsmasq. Supports IPv4 and IPv6. Designed to be used as either a shell script, or can be dropped into `/etc/cron.weekly` (or wherever suits). The script is short and easily edited, also has a short document attached with notes on dnsmasq setup.
+* [BlackHosts - Command Line Installer/Updater](https://github.com/Lateralus138/blackhosts) This is a cross-platform command line utility to help install/update hosts files found at this repository.
+* [dnscrypt-proxy](https://github.com/DNSCrypt/dnscrypt-proxy/wiki/Combining-Blocklists) provides a tool to build block lists from local and remote lists in common formats.

-* [dnsmasq conversion script](https://gist.github.com/erlepereira/c11f4f7a3f60cd2071e79018e895fc8a#file-dnsmasq-antimalware) This GitHub gist has a short shell script (bash, will work on any 'nix) and uses `wget` & `awk` present in most distros, to fetch a specified hosts file and convert it the format required by dnsmasq. Supports IPv4 and IPv6. Designed to be used as either a shell script, or can be dropped into /etc/cron.weekly (or wherever suits). The script is short and easily edited, also has a short document attached with notes on dnsmasq setup.
-
-## Contribute!
+## Contribute

 Please read our [Contributing Guide](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/contributing.md). Among other things, this explains how we organize files and folders in this repository.

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
----
 **Take Note!**
- This version of the Hosts file generator, and tests, are for Python 3.5+ only.
- With the exception of issues and PRs regarding changes to `hosts/data/StevenBlack/hosts`, all other issues regarding the content of the produced hosts files should be made with the appropriate data source that contributed the content in question. The contact information for all of the data sources can be found in the `hosts/data/` directory.
+
+* With the exception of issues and PRs regarding changes to `hosts/data/StevenBlack/hosts`, all other issues regarding the content of the produced hosts files should be made with the appropriate data source that contributed the content in question. The contact information for all of the data sources can be found in the `hosts/data/` directory.
+
 ----

 ![Logo](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/.github/logo.png)
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 [![license](https://img.shields.io/github/license/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/license.txt)
 [![repo size](https://img.shields.io/github/repo-size/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts)
 [![contributors](https://img.shields.io/github/contributors/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/graphs/contributors)
-[![Build Status](https://img.shields.io/travis/StevenBlack/hosts/master.svg)](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts)
+[![Build Status](https://img.shields.io/github/workflow/status/StevenBlack/hosts/CI/master)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/actions?query=workflow%3ACI+branch%3Amaster)
 [![Code style: black](https://img.shields.io/badge/code%20style-black-000000.svg)](https://github.com/python/black)
 [![commits since last release](https://img.shields.io/github/commits-since/StevenBlack/hosts/latest.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
 [![last commit](https://img.shields.io/github/last-commit/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
@@ -21,37 +21,36 @@
 This repository consolidates several reputable `hosts` files, and merges them
 into a unified hosts file with duplicates removed.  A variety of tailored hosts files are provided.

-* Last updated: **April 07 2020**.
-* Here's the [raw hosts file with gambling extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) containing 56,777 entries.
+* Last updated: **May 05 2022**.
+* Here's the [raw hosts file with gambling extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) containing 116,036 entries.
 * Logo by [@Tobaloidee](https://github.com/Tobaloidee).

-
 ## List of all hosts file variants

 This repository offers [15 different host file variants](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates), in addition to the base variant.

 The **Non GitHub mirror** is the link to use for some hosts file managers like
-[Hostsman for Windows](http://www.abelhadigital.com/hostsman/) that don't work
+[Hostsman for Windows](https://www.abelhadigital.com/hostsman/) that don't work
 with GitHub download links.

 Host file recipe | Readme | Raw hosts | Unique domains | Non GitHub mirror
 ---------------- |:------:|:---------:|:--------------:|:-------------:
-Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 54,456 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 55,398 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 56,777 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 71,261 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 57,207 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 57,719 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 72,203 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 58,149 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 73,582 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 59,528 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 74,011 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 74,524 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 60,470 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 74,953 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 76,332 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 77,274 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 113,498 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 115,693 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 116,036 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 156,450 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 116,313 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 118,231 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 158,644 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 118,508 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 158,988 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 118,851 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 159,264 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 161,183 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 121,046 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 161,458 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 161,802 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 163,997 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)


 **Expectation**: These unified hosts files should serve all devices, regardless
@@ -65,25 +64,27 @@ included:
 Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License | Issues
 -----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:----------------:|:-------:|:------:
 Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues)
-Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone' | [issues](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/contact.php)
-add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-hostsVN | Hosts block ads of Vietnamese |[link](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/master/option/hosts-VN) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/issues)
-add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org/) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution | [issues](hosts@someonewhocares.org)
-MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com)
-yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org)
+AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | frequently | CC BY 3.0 | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/issues)
+add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+AdguardTeam cname trackers | CNAME-cloaked tracking abuses. |[link](https://github.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers/master/combined_disguised_trackers_justdomains.txt) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers/issues)
 Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/issues)
-URLHaus | A project from [abuse.ch](https://abuse.ch/) with the goal of sharing malicious URLs. |[link](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/) | [raw](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/downloads/hostfile/) | weekly | CC0 | [issues](mailto:cosntacptamem@abuse.ch)
-UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://kadantiscam.netlify.com/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/master/KADhosts_without_controversies.txt) | frequently | CC BY-SA 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/issues)
-AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0 | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/AdAway/issues)
-add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+hostsVN | Hosts block ads of Vietnamese |[link](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/master/option/hosts-VN) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/issues)
+KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://kadantiscam.netlify.app/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | CC BY-SA 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/issues)
+MetaMask eth-phishing-detect | Phishing domains targeting Ethereum users. |[link](https://github.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect/master/src/hosts.txt) | frequent | DON'T BE A DICK PUBLIC LICENSE | [issues](https://github.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect/issues)
+minecraft-hosts | Minecraft related tracker hosts |[link](https://github.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts/master/lists/tracking.txt) | occasionally | CC0-1.0 | [issues](https://github.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts/issues)
+MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](https://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](https://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com)
+shady-hosts | Analytics, ad, and activity monitoring hosts |[link](https://github.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts/main/hosts) | occasionally | CC0-1.0 | [issues](https://github.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts/issues)
+Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org/) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution | [issues](mailto:hosts@someonewhocares.org)
 Tiuxo hostlist - ads | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/ads) | occasional | CC BY 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues)
+UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+URLHaus | A project from [abuse.ch](https://abuse.ch/) with the goal of sharing malicious URLs. |[link](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/) | [raw](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/downloads/hostfile/) | weekly | CC0 | [issues](mailto:contactme@abuse.ch)
+yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org)
 Sinfonietta's gambling blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/gambling-hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues)


-
 ## Extensions

 The unified hosts file is optionally extensible.  Extensions are used to include domains by category.  Currently, we offer the following categories: `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn`.
@@ -95,7 +96,28 @@ folder tree, where you will find the data for `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`,

 ## Generate your own unified hosts file

-To generate your own unified hosts file you will need Python 3.5 or later.
+You have two options to generate your own hosts file.  You can do it in your own environment, or within a Docker container.  We'll cover Docker first because it's a short section.
+
+### Option 1: Generate in a Docker container
+
+We provide a [Dockerfile](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/Dockerfile) that you can use to create a Docker container with everything you need.
+The container will contain Python 3 and all its dependency requirements, and a copy of the latest version of this repository.
+
+Build the Docker container like this:
+
+```sh
+docker build ./
+```
+
+Access the terminal like this:
+
+```sh
+docker run -it (containerid) bash
+```
+
+### Option 2: Generate it in your own environment
+
+To generate your own amalgamated hosts files you will need Python 3.6 or later.

 First, install the dependencies with:

@@ -105,7 +127,9 @@ pip3 install --user -r requirements.txt

 **Note** we recommend the `--user` flag which installs the required dependencies at the user level. More information about it can be found on pip [documentation](https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip_install/?highlight=--user#cmdoption-user).

-To run unit tests, in the top-level directory, run:
+### Common steps regardless of your development environment
+
+To **run unit tests**, in the top-level directory, run:

 ```sh
 python3 testUpdateHostsFile.py
@@ -116,15 +140,11 @@ local `data/` subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch upd
 (from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each source's folder). Otherwise, it
 will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

-### Usage
-
-#### Using Python 3:
-
 ```sh
 python3 updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]
 ```

-#### Command line options:
+#### Command line options

 `--help`, or `-h`: display help.

@@ -164,6 +184,11 @@ in a subfolder.  If the subfolder does not exist, it will be created.
 section at the top, containing lines like `127.0.0.1 localhost`.  This is
 useful for configuring proximate DNS services on the local network.

+`--nogendata`, or `-g`: `false` (default) or `true`, skip the generation of the
+readmeData.json file used for generating readme.md files.  This is useful if you are
+generating host files with additional whitelists or blacklists and want to keep your
+local checkout of this repo unmodified.
+
 `--compress`, or `-c`: `false` (default) or `true`, *Compress* the hosts file
 ignoring non-necessary lines (empty lines and comments) and putting multiple
 domains in each line. Reducing the number of lines of the hosts file improves
@@ -174,6 +199,12 @@ each domain on a separate line. This is necessary because many implementations
 of URL blockers that rely on `hosts` files do not conform to the standard which
 allows multiple hosts on a single line.

+`--blacklist <blacklistfile>`, or `-x <blacklistfile>`: Append the given blacklist file
+in hosts format to the generated hosts file.
+
+`--whitelist <whitelistfile>`, or `-w <whitelistfile>`: Use the given whitelist file
+to remove hosts from the generated hosts file.
+
 ## How do I control which sources are unified?

 Add one or more *additional* sources, each in a subfolder of the `data/`
@@ -220,8 +251,7 @@ If you discover sketchy domains you feel should be included here, here are some

 The best way to get new domains included is to submit an issue to any of the data providers whose home pages are [listed here](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts#sources-of-hosts-data-unified-in-this-variant). This is best because once you submit new domains, they will be curated and updated by the dedicated folks who maintain these sources.

-
-### Option 2: add your domains to Steven Black's personal data file
+### Option 2: Fork this repository, add your domains to Steven Black's personal data file, and submit a pull request

 Fork this hosts this repo and add your links to [https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts).

@@ -233,7 +263,6 @@ Then, submit a pull request.

 If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existence of your repo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.

-
 ## What is a hosts file?

 A hosts file, named `hosts` (with no file extension), is a plain-text file
@@ -272,22 +301,69 @@ interfere with a web server that may be running on the local PC.

 We tried that.  Using `0` doesn't work universally.

-
 ## Location of your hosts file

 To modify your current `hosts` file, look for it in the following places and modify it with a text
 editor.

-**macOS (until 10.14.x macOS Mojave), iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.
-
-**macOS Catalina:** `/private/etc/hosts` file.
-
-**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.
+* **macOS (until 10.14.x macOS Mojave), iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.
+* **macOS Catalina:** `/private/etc/hosts` file.
+* **Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.

 ## Gentoo

 Gentoo users may find [`sb-hosts`](https://github.com/PF4Public/gentoo-overlay/tree/master/net-misc/sb-hosts) in [::pf4public](https://github.com/PF4Public/gentoo-overlay) Gentoo overlay

+## NixOS
+
+To install hosts file on your machine add the following into your `configuration.nix`:
+
+```nix
+{
+  networking.extraHosts = let
+    hostsPath = https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts;
+    hostsFile = builtins.fetchurl hostsPath;
+  in builtins.readFile "${hostsFile}";
+}
+```
+
+* NOTE: Change `hostsPath` if you need other versions of hosts file.
+* NOTE: The call to `fetchurl` is impure.
+Use `fetchFromGitHub` with the exact commit if you want to always get the same result.
+
+### Nix Flake
+
+NixOS installations which are managed through *flakes* can use the hosts file like this:
+
+```nix
+{
+  inputs.hosts.url = github:StevenBlack/hosts;
+  outputs = { self, nixpkgs, hosts }: {
+    nixosConfigurations.my-hostname = {
+      system = "<architecture>";
+      modules = [
+        hosts.nixosModule {
+          networking.stevenBlackHosts.enable = true;
+        }
+      ];
+    };
+  };
+}
+```
+
+The hosts extensions are also available with the following options:
+
+```nix
+{
+  networking.stevenBlackHosts = {
+    blockFakenews = true;
+    blockGambling = true;
+    blockPorn = true;
+    blockSocial = true;
+  };
+}
+```
+
 ## Updating hosts file on Windows

 (NOTE: See also some third-party Hosts managers, listed below.)
@@ -306,26 +382,27 @@ saying that for this to work, you must be connected to the internet.

 To open a command prompt as administrator in the repository's directory, do the following:

-**Windows XP**: Start → Run → `cmd`
-
-**Windows Vista, 7**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
-
-**Windows 8**: Start → Swipe Up → All Apps → Windows System → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
-
-**Windows 10**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows XP**: Start → Run → `cmd`
+* **Windows Vista, 7**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows 8**: Start → Swipe Up → All Apps → Windows System → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows 10**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"

 You can also refer to the "Third-Party Hosts Managers" section for further recommended solutions from third parties.

+### Warning: Using this `hosts` file in Windows may require disabling DNS Cache service
+
+Windows has issues with larger hosts files. Recent changes in security within Windows 10 denies
+access to changing services via other tools except registry hacks. Use the `disable-dnscache-service-win.cmd`
+file to make proper changes to the Windows registry. You will need to reboot your device once that's done.
+See the [the comments within the `cmd` file](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/disable-dnscache-service-win.cmd)
+for more details.
+
 ## Reloading hosts file

 Your operating system will cache DNS lookups. You can either reboot or run the following commands to
 manually flush your DNS cache once the new hosts file is in place.

-| The Google Chrome browser may require manually cleaning up its DNS Cache on `chrome://net-internals/#dns` page to thereafter see the changes in your hosts file. See: <https://superuser.com/questions/723703>
-:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+The Google Chrome browser may require manually cleaning up its DNS Cache on `chrome://net-internals/#dns` page to thereafter see the changes in your hosts file. See: <https://superuser.com/questions/723703>

 ### Windows

@@ -335,47 +412,34 @@ Open a command prompt with administrator privileges and run this command:
 ipconfig /flushdns
 ```

-Before flushing the DNS cache, open a command prompt with administrator privileges and run this command:
-
-```bat
-sc config "Dnscache" start=disabled
-sc stop "Dnscache"
-```
-
 ### Linux

 Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

-**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+* **Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+* **Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`
+* **Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`
+* **Fedora Linux**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+* **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Network Manager**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+* **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`
+* **RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
+* **FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`

-**Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`
+  To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:

-**Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`
+  ```sh
+  sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
+  sudo service nscd start
+  ```

-**Fedora Linux**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+  Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:

-**Arch Linux/Manjaro with Network Manager**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+  ```text
+  hosts: cache files dns
+  ```

-**Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`
-
-**RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
-
-**FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`
-
-To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:
-
-```sh
-sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
-sudo service nscd start
-```
-
-Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:
-
-```text
-hosts: cache files dns
-```
-
-**Others**: Consult [this Wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).
+* **NixOS**: The `nscd.service` is automatically restarted when the option `networking.extraHosts` was changed.
+* **Others**: Consult [this Wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).

 ### macOS

@@ -397,11 +461,8 @@ This is why the [package.json](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/
 The goals of this repo are to:

 1. automatically combine high-quality lists of hosts,
-
 2. provide situation-appropriate extensions,
-
 3. de-dupe the resultant combined list,
-
 4. and keep the resultant file reasonably sized.

 A high-quality source is defined here as one that is actively curated.  A
@@ -415,26 +476,24 @@ devices under a variety of operating systems.
 ## Third-Party Hosts Managers

 * [Unified Hosts AutoUpdate](https://github.com/ScriptTiger/Unified-Hosts-AutoUpdate "Unified Hosts AutoUpdate") (for Windows): The Unified Hosts AutoUpdate package is purpose-built for this unified hosts project as well as in active development by community members. You can install and uninstall any blacklist and keep it automatically up to date, and can be placed in a shared network location and deployed across an organization via group policies. And since it is in active development by community members, your bug reports, feature requests, and other feedback are most welcome.
-
 * [ViHoMa](https://github.com/cmabad/ViHoMa) is a Visual Hosts file Manager, written in Java, by Christian Martínez.  Check it out!

 ## Interesting Applications

+* [Hosts-BL](https://github.com/ScriptTiger/Hosts-BL "Hosts-BL") is a simple tool to handle hosts file black lists. It can remove comments, remove duplicates, compress to 9 domains per line, add IPv6 entries. In addition, it can also convert black lists to multiple other black list formats compatible with other software, such as dnsmasq, DualServer, RPZ, Privoxy, and Unbound, to name a few.
+* [Host Minder](https://github.com/jeremehancock/hostminder#readme) is a simple GUI that allows you to easily update your /etc/hosts file to one of four consolidated hosts files from StevenBlack/hosts. It is provided as a deb package and comes pre-installed on [UbuntuCE](https://ubuntuce.com/).
+* [Maza ad blocking](https://github.com/tanrax/maza-ad-blocking) is a bash script that automatically updates host file. You can also update a fresh copy. And each time it generates a dnsmasq-compatible configuration file. Fast installation, compatible with MacOS, Linux and BSD.
 * [Hostile](https://github.com/feross/hostile) is a nifty command line utility to easily add or remove domains from your hosts file.  If our hosts files are too aggressive for you, you can use `hostile` to remove domains, or you can use `hostile` in a bash script to automate a post process each time you download fresh versions of hosts.
-
-* [macOS Scripting for Configuration, Backup and Restore](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config) helps customizing, re-installing and using macOS. It also provides a [script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/hosts_file_generator.sh) to install and update the hosts file using this project on macOS. In combination with a [launchd](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/com.hostsfile.install_update.plist) it updates the hosts file every x days (default is 4). To install both download the GitHub repo and run the [install script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/install_hosts_file_generator_and_launchdservice.sh) from the directory one level up.
-
-* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources. This is a very interesting project to set up yourself, or you can [buy one pre-loaded](https://uk.pi-supply.com/products/pi-hole-poe-edition-the-network-wide-ad-blocker).
-
+* [macOS Scripting for Configuration, Backup and Restore](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config) helps customizing, re-installing and using macOS. It also provides a [script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/hosts_file_generator.sh) to install and update the hosts file using this project on macOS. In combination with a [launchd](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/com.hostsfile.install_update.plist) it updates the hosts file every x days (default is 4). To install both, download the GitHub repo and run the [install script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/install_hosts_file_generator_and_launchdservice.sh) from the directory one level up.
+* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources.
 * [Block ads and malware via local BIND9 DNS server](https://github.com/mueller-ma/block-ads-via-dns "Block ads and malware via local DNS server") (for Debian, Raspbian & Ubuntu): Set up a local DNS server with a `/etc/bind/named.conf.blocked` file, sourced from here.
-
 * [Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server](https://scripttiger.github.io/dualserver/ "Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server") (for BSD, Windows & Linux): Set up a blacklist for everyone on your network using the power of the unified hosts reformatted for DualServer. And if you're on Windows, this project also maintains an update script to make updating DualServer's blacklist even easier.
-
 * [Blocking ads and malwares with unbound](https://deadc0de.re/articles/unbound-blocking-ads.html "Blocking ads and malwares with unbound") – [Unbound](https://www.unbound.net/ "Unbound is a validating, recursive, and caching DNS resolver.") is a validating, recursive, and caching DNS resolver.
+* [dnsmasq conversion script](https://gist.github.com/erlepereira/c11f4f7a3f60cd2071e79018e895fc8a#file-dnsmasq-antimalware) This GitHub gist has a short shell script (bash, will work on any 'nix) and uses `wget` & `awk` present in most distros, to fetch a specified hosts file and convert it to the format required by dnsmasq. Supports IPv4 and IPv6. Designed to be used as either a shell script, or can be dropped into `/etc/cron.weekly` (or wherever suits). The script is short and easily edited, also has a short document attached with notes on dnsmasq setup.
+* [BlackHosts - Command Line Installer/Updater](https://github.com/Lateralus138/blackhosts) This is a cross-platform command line utility to help install/update hosts files found at this repository.
+* [dnscrypt-proxy](https://github.com/DNSCrypt/dnscrypt-proxy/wiki/Combining-Blocklists) provides a tool to build block lists from local and remote lists in common formats.

-* [dnsmasq conversion script](https://gist.github.com/erlepereira/c11f4f7a3f60cd2071e79018e895fc8a#file-dnsmasq-antimalware) This GitHub gist has a short shell script (bash, will work on any 'nix) and uses `wget` & `awk` present in most distros, to fetch a specified hosts file and convert it the format required by dnsmasq. Supports IPv4 and IPv6. Designed to be used as either a shell script, or can be dropped into /etc/cron.weekly (or wherever suits). The script is short and easily edited, also has a short document attached with notes on dnsmasq setup.
-
-## Contribute!
+## Contribute

 Please read our [Contributing Guide](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/contributing.md). Among other things, this explains how we organize files and folders in this repository.

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
----
 **Take Note!**
- This version of the Hosts file generator, and tests, are for Python 3.5+ only.
- With the exception of issues and PRs regarding changes to `hosts/data/StevenBlack/hosts`, all other issues regarding the content of the produced hosts files should be made with the appropriate data source that contributed the content in question. The contact information for all of the data sources can be found in the `hosts/data/` directory.
+
+* With the exception of issues and PRs regarding changes to `hosts/data/StevenBlack/hosts`, all other issues regarding the content of the produced hosts files should be made with the appropriate data source that contributed the content in question. The contact information for all of the data sources can be found in the `hosts/data/` directory.
+
 ----

 ![Logo](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/.github/logo.png)
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 [![license](https://img.shields.io/github/license/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/license.txt)
 [![repo size](https://img.shields.io/github/repo-size/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts)
 [![contributors](https://img.shields.io/github/contributors/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/graphs/contributors)
-[![Build Status](https://img.shields.io/travis/StevenBlack/hosts/master.svg)](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts)
+[![Build Status](https://img.shields.io/github/workflow/status/StevenBlack/hosts/CI/master)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/actions?query=workflow%3ACI+branch%3Amaster)
 [![Code style: black](https://img.shields.io/badge/code%20style-black-000000.svg)](https://github.com/python/black)
 [![commits since last release](https://img.shields.io/github/commits-since/StevenBlack/hosts/latest.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
 [![last commit](https://img.shields.io/github/last-commit/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
@@ -21,37 +21,36 @@
 This repository consolidates several reputable `hosts` files, and merges them
 into a unified hosts file with duplicates removed.  A variety of tailored hosts files are provided.

-* Last updated: **April 07 2020**.
-* Here's the [raw hosts file with porn, social extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) containing 74,011 entries.
+* Last updated: **May 05 2022**.
+* Here's the [raw hosts file with porn, social extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) containing 159,264 entries.
 * Logo by [@Tobaloidee](https://github.com/Tobaloidee).

-
 ## List of all hosts file variants

 This repository offers [15 different host file variants](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates), in addition to the base variant.

 The **Non GitHub mirror** is the link to use for some hosts file managers like
-[Hostsman for Windows](http://www.abelhadigital.com/hostsman/) that don't work
+[Hostsman for Windows](https://www.abelhadigital.com/hostsman/) that don't work
 with GitHub download links.

 Host file recipe | Readme | Raw hosts | Unique domains | Non GitHub mirror
 ---------------- |:------:|:---------:|:--------------:|:-------------:
-Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 54,456 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 55,398 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 56,777 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 71,261 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 57,207 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 57,719 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 72,203 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 58,149 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 73,582 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 59,528 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 74,011 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 74,524 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 60,470 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 74,953 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 76,332 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 77,274 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 113,498 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 115,693 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 116,036 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 156,450 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 116,313 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 118,231 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 158,644 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 118,508 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 158,988 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 118,851 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 159,264 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 161,183 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 121,046 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 161,458 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 161,802 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 163,997 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)


 **Expectation**: These unified hosts files should serve all devices, regardless
@@ -65,30 +64,33 @@ included:
 Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License | Issues
 -----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:----------------:|:-------:|:------:
 Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues)
-Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone' | [issues](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/contact.php)
-add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-hostsVN | Hosts block ads of Vietnamese |[link](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/master/option/hosts-VN) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/issues)
-add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org/) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution | [issues](hosts@someonewhocares.org)
-MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com)
-yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org)
+AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | frequently | CC BY 3.0 | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/issues)
+add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+AdguardTeam cname trackers | CNAME-cloaked tracking abuses. |[link](https://github.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers/master/combined_disguised_trackers_justdomains.txt) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers/issues)
 Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/issues)
-URLHaus | A project from [abuse.ch](https://abuse.ch/) with the goal of sharing malicious URLs. |[link](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/) | [raw](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/downloads/hostfile/) | weekly | CC0 | [issues](mailto:cosntacptamem@abuse.ch)
-UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://kadantiscam.netlify.com/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/master/KADhosts_without_controversies.txt) | frequently | CC BY-SA 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/issues)
-AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0 | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/AdAway/issues)
-add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+hostsVN | Hosts block ads of Vietnamese |[link](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/master/option/hosts-VN) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/issues)
+KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://kadantiscam.netlify.app/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | CC BY-SA 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/issues)
+MetaMask eth-phishing-detect | Phishing domains targeting Ethereum users. |[link](https://github.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect/master/src/hosts.txt) | frequent | DON'T BE A DICK PUBLIC LICENSE | [issues](https://github.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect/issues)
+minecraft-hosts | Minecraft related tracker hosts |[link](https://github.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts/master/lists/tracking.txt) | occasionally | CC0-1.0 | [issues](https://github.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts/issues)
+MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](https://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](https://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com)
+shady-hosts | Analytics, ad, and activity monitoring hosts |[link](https://github.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts/main/hosts) | occasionally | CC0-1.0 | [issues](https://github.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts/issues)
+Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org/) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution | [issues](mailto:hosts@someonewhocares.org)
 Tiuxo hostlist - ads | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/ads) | occasional | CC BY 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues)
-Sinfonietta's snuff-site blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/snuff-hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues)
-pornhosts -- a consolidated anti porn hosts file | This is an endeavour to find all porn domains and compile them into a single hosts to allow for easy blocking of porn on your local machine or on a network. |[link](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/master/0.0.0.0/hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/issues)
+UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+URLHaus | A project from [abuse.ch](https://abuse.ch/) with the goal of sharing malicious URLs. |[link](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/) | [raw](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/downloads/hostfile/) | weekly | CC0 | [issues](mailto:contactme@abuse.ch)
+yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org)
+brijrajparmar27 - pornography | hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/brijrajparmar27/host-sources) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/brijrajparmar27/host-sources/master/Porn/hosts) | occasional | CC BY 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/brijrajparmar27/host-sources/issues)
+pornhosts -- a consolidated anti porn hosts file | This is an endeavour to find all porn domains and compile them into a single hosts to allow for easy blocking of porn on your local machine or on a network. |[link](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/extensions/porn/clefspeare13/hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/issues)
 Sinfonietta's porn blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/pornography-hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues)
+Sinfonietta's snuff-site blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/snuff-hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues)
 Tiuxo hostlist - pornography | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/porn) | occasional | CC BY 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues)
 Sinfonietta's social media blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/social-hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues)
 Tiuxo hostlist - social | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/social) | occasional | CC BY 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues)


-
 ## Extensions

 The unified hosts file is optionally extensible.  Extensions are used to include domains by category.  Currently, we offer the following categories: `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn`.
@@ -100,7 +102,28 @@ folder tree, where you will find the data for `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`,

 ## Generate your own unified hosts file

-To generate your own unified hosts file you will need Python 3.5 or later.
+You have two options to generate your own hosts file.  You can do it in your own environment, or within a Docker container.  We'll cover Docker first because it's a short section.
+
+### Option 1: Generate in a Docker container
+
+We provide a [Dockerfile](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/Dockerfile) that you can use to create a Docker container with everything you need.
+The container will contain Python 3 and all its dependency requirements, and a copy of the latest version of this repository.
+
+Build the Docker container like this:
+
+```sh
+docker build ./
+```
+
+Access the terminal like this:
+
+```sh
+docker run -it (containerid) bash
+```
+
+### Option 2: Generate it in your own environment
+
+To generate your own amalgamated hosts files you will need Python 3.6 or later.

 First, install the dependencies with:

@@ -110,7 +133,9 @@ pip3 install --user -r requirements.txt

 **Note** we recommend the `--user` flag which installs the required dependencies at the user level. More information about it can be found on pip [documentation](https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip_install/?highlight=--user#cmdoption-user).

-To run unit tests, in the top-level directory, run:
+### Common steps regardless of your development environment
+
+To **run unit tests**, in the top-level directory, run:

 ```sh
 python3 testUpdateHostsFile.py
@@ -121,15 +146,11 @@ local `data/` subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch upd
 (from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each source's folder). Otherwise, it
 will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

-### Usage
-
-#### Using Python 3:
-
 ```sh
 python3 updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]
 ```

-#### Command line options:
+#### Command line options

 `--help`, or `-h`: display help.

@@ -169,6 +190,11 @@ in a subfolder.  If the subfolder does not exist, it will be created.
 section at the top, containing lines like `127.0.0.1 localhost`.  This is
 useful for configuring proximate DNS services on the local network.

+`--nogendata`, or `-g`: `false` (default) or `true`, skip the generation of the
+readmeData.json file used for generating readme.md files.  This is useful if you are
+generating host files with additional whitelists or blacklists and want to keep your
+local checkout of this repo unmodified.
+
 `--compress`, or `-c`: `false` (default) or `true`, *Compress* the hosts file
 ignoring non-necessary lines (empty lines and comments) and putting multiple
 domains in each line. Reducing the number of lines of the hosts file improves
@@ -179,6 +205,12 @@ each domain on a separate line. This is necessary because many implementations
 of URL blockers that rely on `hosts` files do not conform to the standard which
 allows multiple hosts on a single line.

+`--blacklist <blacklistfile>`, or `-x <blacklistfile>`: Append the given blacklist file
+in hosts format to the generated hosts file.
+
+`--whitelist <whitelistfile>`, or `-w <whitelistfile>`: Use the given whitelist file
+to remove hosts from the generated hosts file.
+
 ## How do I control which sources are unified?

 Add one or more *additional* sources, each in a subfolder of the `data/`
@@ -225,8 +257,7 @@ If you discover sketchy domains you feel should be included here, here are some

 The best way to get new domains included is to submit an issue to any of the data providers whose home pages are [listed here](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts#sources-of-hosts-data-unified-in-this-variant). This is best because once you submit new domains, they will be curated and updated by the dedicated folks who maintain these sources.

-
-### Option 2: add your domains to Steven Black's personal data file
+### Option 2: Fork this repository, add your domains to Steven Black's personal data file, and submit a pull request

 Fork this hosts this repo and add your links to [https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts).

@@ -238,7 +269,6 @@ Then, submit a pull request.

 If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existence of your repo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.

-
 ## What is a hosts file?

 A hosts file, named `hosts` (with no file extension), is a plain-text file
@@ -277,22 +307,69 @@ interfere with a web server that may be running on the local PC.

 We tried that.  Using `0` doesn't work universally.

-
 ## Location of your hosts file

 To modify your current `hosts` file, look for it in the following places and modify it with a text
 editor.

-**macOS (until 10.14.x macOS Mojave), iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.
-
-**macOS Catalina:** `/private/etc/hosts` file.
-
-**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.
+* **macOS (until 10.14.x macOS Mojave), iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.
+* **macOS Catalina:** `/private/etc/hosts` file.
+* **Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.

 ## Gentoo

 Gentoo users may find [`sb-hosts`](https://github.com/PF4Public/gentoo-overlay/tree/master/net-misc/sb-hosts) in [::pf4public](https://github.com/PF4Public/gentoo-overlay) Gentoo overlay

+## NixOS
+
+To install hosts file on your machine add the following into your `configuration.nix`:
+
+```nix
+{
+  networking.extraHosts = let
+    hostsPath = https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts;
+    hostsFile = builtins.fetchurl hostsPath;
+  in builtins.readFile "${hostsFile}";
+}
+```
+
+* NOTE: Change `hostsPath` if you need other versions of hosts file.
+* NOTE: The call to `fetchurl` is impure.
+Use `fetchFromGitHub` with the exact commit if you want to always get the same result.
+
+### Nix Flake
+
+NixOS installations which are managed through *flakes* can use the hosts file like this:
+
+```nix
+{
+  inputs.hosts.url = github:StevenBlack/hosts;
+  outputs = { self, nixpkgs, hosts }: {
+    nixosConfigurations.my-hostname = {
+      system = "<architecture>";
+      modules = [
+        hosts.nixosModule {
+          networking.stevenBlackHosts.enable = true;
+        }
+      ];
+    };
+  };
+}
+```
+
+The hosts extensions are also available with the following options:
+
+```nix
+{
+  networking.stevenBlackHosts = {
+    blockFakenews = true;
+    blockGambling = true;
+    blockPorn = true;
+    blockSocial = true;
+  };
+}
+```
+
 ## Updating hosts file on Windows

 (NOTE: See also some third-party Hosts managers, listed below.)
@@ -311,26 +388,27 @@ saying that for this to work, you must be connected to the internet.

 To open a command prompt as administrator in the repository's directory, do the following:

-**Windows XP**: Start → Run → `cmd`
-
-**Windows Vista, 7**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
-
-**Windows 8**: Start → Swipe Up → All Apps → Windows System → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
-
-**Windows 10**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows XP**: Start → Run → `cmd`
+* **Windows Vista, 7**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows 8**: Start → Swipe Up → All Apps → Windows System → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows 10**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"

 You can also refer to the "Third-Party Hosts Managers" section for further recommended solutions from third parties.

+### Warning: Using this `hosts` file in Windows may require disabling DNS Cache service
+
+Windows has issues with larger hosts files. Recent changes in security within Windows 10 denies
+access to changing services via other tools except registry hacks. Use the `disable-dnscache-service-win.cmd`
+file to make proper changes to the Windows registry. You will need to reboot your device once that's done.
+See the [the comments within the `cmd` file](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/disable-dnscache-service-win.cmd)
+for more details.
+
 ## Reloading hosts file

 Your operating system will cache DNS lookups. You can either reboot or run the following commands to
 manually flush your DNS cache once the new hosts file is in place.

-| The Google Chrome browser may require manually cleaning up its DNS Cache on `chrome://net-internals/#dns` page to thereafter see the changes in your hosts file. See: <https://superuser.com/questions/723703>
-:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+The Google Chrome browser may require manually cleaning up its DNS Cache on `chrome://net-internals/#dns` page to thereafter see the changes in your hosts file. See: <https://superuser.com/questions/723703>

 ### Windows

@@ -340,47 +418,34 @@ Open a command prompt with administrator privileges and run this command:
 ipconfig /flushdns
 ```

-Before flushing the DNS cache, open a command prompt with administrator privileges and run this command:
-
-```bat
-sc config "Dnscache" start=disabled
-sc stop "Dnscache"
-```
-
 ### Linux

 Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

-**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+* **Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+* **Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`
+* **Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`
+* **Fedora Linux**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+* **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Network Manager**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+* **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`
+* **RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
+* **FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`

-**Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`
+  To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:

-**Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`
+  ```sh
+  sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
+  sudo service nscd start
+  ```

-**Fedora Linux**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+  Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:

-**Arch Linux/Manjaro with Network Manager**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+  ```text
+  hosts: cache files dns
+  ```

-**Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`
-
-**RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
-
-**FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`
-
-To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:
-
-```sh
-sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
-sudo service nscd start
-```
-
-Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:
-
-```text
-hosts: cache files dns
-```
-
-**Others**: Consult [this Wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).
+* **NixOS**: The `nscd.service` is automatically restarted when the option `networking.extraHosts` was changed.
+* **Others**: Consult [this Wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).

 ### macOS

@@ -402,11 +467,8 @@ This is why the [package.json](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/
 The goals of this repo are to:

 1. automatically combine high-quality lists of hosts,
-
 2. provide situation-appropriate extensions,
-
 3. de-dupe the resultant combined list,
-
 4. and keep the resultant file reasonably sized.

 A high-quality source is defined here as one that is actively curated.  A
@@ -420,26 +482,24 @@ devices under a variety of operating systems.
 ## Third-Party Hosts Managers

 * [Unified Hosts AutoUpdate](https://github.com/ScriptTiger/Unified-Hosts-AutoUpdate "Unified Hosts AutoUpdate") (for Windows): The Unified Hosts AutoUpdate package is purpose-built for this unified hosts project as well as in active development by community members. You can install and uninstall any blacklist and keep it automatically up to date, and can be placed in a shared network location and deployed across an organization via group policies. And since it is in active development by community members, your bug reports, feature requests, and other feedback are most welcome.
-
 * [ViHoMa](https://github.com/cmabad/ViHoMa) is a Visual Hosts file Manager, written in Java, by Christian Martínez.  Check it out!

 ## Interesting Applications

+* [Hosts-BL](https://github.com/ScriptTiger/Hosts-BL "Hosts-BL") is a simple tool to handle hosts file black lists. It can remove comments, remove duplicates, compress to 9 domains per line, add IPv6 entries. In addition, it can also convert black lists to multiple other black list formats compatible with other software, such as dnsmasq, DualServer, RPZ, Privoxy, and Unbound, to name a few.
+* [Host Minder](https://github.com/jeremehancock/hostminder#readme) is a simple GUI that allows you to easily update your /etc/hosts file to one of four consolidated hosts files from StevenBlack/hosts. It is provided as a deb package and comes pre-installed on [UbuntuCE](https://ubuntuce.com/).
+* [Maza ad blocking](https://github.com/tanrax/maza-ad-blocking) is a bash script that automatically updates host file. You can also update a fresh copy. And each time it generates a dnsmasq-compatible configuration file. Fast installation, compatible with MacOS, Linux and BSD.
 * [Hostile](https://github.com/feross/hostile) is a nifty command line utility to easily add or remove domains from your hosts file.  If our hosts files are too aggressive for you, you can use `hostile` to remove domains, or you can use `hostile` in a bash script to automate a post process each time you download fresh versions of hosts.
-
-* [macOS Scripting for Configuration, Backup and Restore](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config) helps customizing, re-installing and using macOS. It also provides a [script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/hosts_file_generator.sh) to install and update the hosts file using this project on macOS. In combination with a [launchd](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/com.hostsfile.install_update.plist) it updates the hosts file every x days (default is 4). To install both download the GitHub repo and run the [install script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/install_hosts_file_generator_and_launchdservice.sh) from the directory one level up.
-
-* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources. This is a very interesting project to set up yourself, or you can [buy one pre-loaded](https://uk.pi-supply.com/products/pi-hole-poe-edition-the-network-wide-ad-blocker).
-
+* [macOS Scripting for Configuration, Backup and Restore](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config) helps customizing, re-installing and using macOS. It also provides a [script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/hosts_file_generator.sh) to install and update the hosts file using this project on macOS. In combination with a [launchd](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/com.hostsfile.install_update.plist) it updates the hosts file every x days (default is 4). To install both, download the GitHub repo and run the [install script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/install_hosts_file_generator_and_launchdservice.sh) from the directory one level up.
+* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources.
 * [Block ads and malware via local BIND9 DNS server](https://github.com/mueller-ma/block-ads-via-dns "Block ads and malware via local DNS server") (for Debian, Raspbian & Ubuntu): Set up a local DNS server with a `/etc/bind/named.conf.blocked` file, sourced from here.
-
 * [Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server](https://scripttiger.github.io/dualserver/ "Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server") (for BSD, Windows & Linux): Set up a blacklist for everyone on your network using the power of the unified hosts reformatted for DualServer. And if you're on Windows, this project also maintains an update script to make updating DualServer's blacklist even easier.
-
 * [Blocking ads and malwares with unbound](https://deadc0de.re/articles/unbound-blocking-ads.html "Blocking ads and malwares with unbound") – [Unbound](https://www.unbound.net/ "Unbound is a validating, recursive, and caching DNS resolver.") is a validating, recursive, and caching DNS resolver.
+* [dnsmasq conversion script](https://gist.github.com/erlepereira/c11f4f7a3f60cd2071e79018e895fc8a#file-dnsmasq-antimalware) This GitHub gist has a short shell script (bash, will work on any 'nix) and uses `wget` & `awk` present in most distros, to fetch a specified hosts file and convert it to the format required by dnsmasq. Supports IPv4 and IPv6. Designed to be used as either a shell script, or can be dropped into `/etc/cron.weekly` (or wherever suits). The script is short and easily edited, also has a short document attached with notes on dnsmasq setup.
+* [BlackHosts - Command Line Installer/Updater](https://github.com/Lateralus138/blackhosts) This is a cross-platform command line utility to help install/update hosts files found at this repository.
+* [dnscrypt-proxy](https://github.com/DNSCrypt/dnscrypt-proxy/wiki/Combining-Blocklists) provides a tool to build block lists from local and remote lists in common formats.

-* [dnsmasq conversion script](https://gist.github.com/erlepereira/c11f4f7a3f60cd2071e79018e895fc8a#file-dnsmasq-antimalware) This GitHub gist has a short shell script (bash, will work on any 'nix) and uses `wget` & `awk` present in most distros, to fetch a specified hosts file and convert it the format required by dnsmasq. Supports IPv4 and IPv6. Designed to be used as either a shell script, or can be dropped into /etc/cron.weekly (or wherever suits). The script is short and easily edited, also has a short document attached with notes on dnsmasq setup.
-
-## Contribute!
+## Contribute

 Please read our [Contributing Guide](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/contributing.md). Among other things, this explains how we organize files and folders in this repository.

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
----
 **Take Note!**
- This version of the Hosts file generator, and tests, are for Python 3.5+ only.
- With the exception of issues and PRs regarding changes to `hosts/data/StevenBlack/hosts`, all other issues regarding the content of the produced hosts files should be made with the appropriate data source that contributed the content in question. The contact information for all of the data sources can be found in the `hosts/data/` directory.
+
+* With the exception of issues and PRs regarding changes to `hosts/data/StevenBlack/hosts`, all other issues regarding the content of the produced hosts files should be made with the appropriate data source that contributed the content in question. The contact information for all of the data sources can be found in the `hosts/data/` directory.
+
 ----

 ![Logo](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/.github/logo.png)
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 [![license](https://img.shields.io/github/license/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/license.txt)
 [![repo size](https://img.shields.io/github/repo-size/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts)
 [![contributors](https://img.shields.io/github/contributors/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/graphs/contributors)
-[![Build Status](https://img.shields.io/travis/StevenBlack/hosts/master.svg)](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts)
+[![Build Status](https://img.shields.io/github/workflow/status/StevenBlack/hosts/CI/master)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/actions?query=workflow%3ACI+branch%3Amaster)
 [![Code style: black](https://img.shields.io/badge/code%20style-black-000000.svg)](https://github.com/python/black)
 [![commits since last release](https://img.shields.io/github/commits-since/StevenBlack/hosts/latest.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
 [![last commit](https://img.shields.io/github/last-commit/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
@@ -21,37 +21,36 @@
 This repository consolidates several reputable `hosts` files, and merges them
 into a unified hosts file with duplicates removed.  A variety of tailored hosts files are provided.

-* Last updated: **April 07 2020**.
-* Here's the [raw hosts file with porn extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) containing 71,261 entries.
+* Last updated: **May 05 2022**.
+* Here's the [raw hosts file with porn extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) containing 156,450 entries.
 * Logo by [@Tobaloidee](https://github.com/Tobaloidee).

-
 ## List of all hosts file variants

 This repository offers [15 different host file variants](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates), in addition to the base variant.

 The **Non GitHub mirror** is the link to use for some hosts file managers like
-[Hostsman for Windows](http://www.abelhadigital.com/hostsman/) that don't work
+[Hostsman for Windows](https://www.abelhadigital.com/hostsman/) that don't work
 with GitHub download links.

 Host file recipe | Readme | Raw hosts | Unique domains | Non GitHub mirror
 ---------------- |:------:|:---------:|:--------------:|:-------------:
-Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 54,456 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 55,398 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 56,777 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 71,261 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 57,207 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 57,719 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 72,203 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 58,149 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 73,582 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 59,528 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 74,011 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 74,524 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 60,470 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 74,953 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 76,332 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 77,274 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 113,498 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 115,693 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 116,036 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 156,450 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 116,313 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 118,231 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 158,644 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 118,508 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 158,988 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 118,851 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 159,264 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 161,183 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 121,046 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 161,458 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 161,802 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 163,997 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)


 **Expectation**: These unified hosts files should serve all devices, regardless
@@ -65,28 +64,31 @@ included:
 Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License | Issues
 -----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:----------------:|:-------:|:------:
 Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues)
-Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone' | [issues](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/contact.php)
-add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-hostsVN | Hosts block ads of Vietnamese |[link](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/master/option/hosts-VN) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/issues)
-add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org/) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution | [issues](hosts@someonewhocares.org)
-MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com)
-yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org)
+AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | frequently | CC BY 3.0 | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/issues)
+add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+AdguardTeam cname trackers | CNAME-cloaked tracking abuses. |[link](https://github.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers/master/combined_disguised_trackers_justdomains.txt) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers/issues)
 Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/issues)
-URLHaus | A project from [abuse.ch](https://abuse.ch/) with the goal of sharing malicious URLs. |[link](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/) | [raw](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/downloads/hostfile/) | weekly | CC0 | [issues](mailto:cosntacptamem@abuse.ch)
-UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://kadantiscam.netlify.com/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/master/KADhosts_without_controversies.txt) | frequently | CC BY-SA 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/issues)
-AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0 | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/AdAway/issues)
-add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+hostsVN | Hosts block ads of Vietnamese |[link](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/master/option/hosts-VN) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/issues)
+KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://kadantiscam.netlify.app/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | CC BY-SA 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/issues)
+MetaMask eth-phishing-detect | Phishing domains targeting Ethereum users. |[link](https://github.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect/master/src/hosts.txt) | frequent | DON'T BE A DICK PUBLIC LICENSE | [issues](https://github.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect/issues)
+minecraft-hosts | Minecraft related tracker hosts |[link](https://github.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts/master/lists/tracking.txt) | occasionally | CC0-1.0 | [issues](https://github.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts/issues)
+MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](https://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](https://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com)
+shady-hosts | Analytics, ad, and activity monitoring hosts |[link](https://github.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts/main/hosts) | occasionally | CC0-1.0 | [issues](https://github.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts/issues)
+Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org/) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution | [issues](mailto:hosts@someonewhocares.org)
 Tiuxo hostlist - ads | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/ads) | occasional | CC BY 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues)
-Sinfonietta's snuff-site blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/snuff-hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues)
-pornhosts -- a consolidated anti porn hosts file | This is an endeavour to find all porn domains and compile them into a single hosts to allow for easy blocking of porn on your local machine or on a network. |[link](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/master/0.0.0.0/hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/issues)
+UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+URLHaus | A project from [abuse.ch](https://abuse.ch/) with the goal of sharing malicious URLs. |[link](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/) | [raw](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/downloads/hostfile/) | weekly | CC0 | [issues](mailto:contactme@abuse.ch)
+yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org)
+brijrajparmar27 - pornography | hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/brijrajparmar27/host-sources) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/brijrajparmar27/host-sources/master/Porn/hosts) | occasional | CC BY 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/brijrajparmar27/host-sources/issues)
+pornhosts -- a consolidated anti porn hosts file | This is an endeavour to find all porn domains and compile them into a single hosts to allow for easy blocking of porn on your local machine or on a network. |[link](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/extensions/porn/clefspeare13/hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/issues)
 Sinfonietta's porn blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/pornography-hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues)
+Sinfonietta's snuff-site blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/snuff-hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues)
 Tiuxo hostlist - pornography | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/porn) | occasional | CC BY 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues)


-
 ## Extensions

 The unified hosts file is optionally extensible.  Extensions are used to include domains by category.  Currently, we offer the following categories: `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn`.
@@ -98,7 +100,28 @@ folder tree, where you will find the data for `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`,

 ## Generate your own unified hosts file

-To generate your own unified hosts file you will need Python 3.5 or later.
+You have two options to generate your own hosts file.  You can do it in your own environment, or within a Docker container.  We'll cover Docker first because it's a short section.
+
+### Option 1: Generate in a Docker container
+
+We provide a [Dockerfile](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/Dockerfile) that you can use to create a Docker container with everything you need.
+The container will contain Python 3 and all its dependency requirements, and a copy of the latest version of this repository.
+
+Build the Docker container like this:
+
+```sh
+docker build ./
+```
+
+Access the terminal like this:
+
+```sh
+docker run -it (containerid) bash
+```
+
+### Option 2: Generate it in your own environment
+
+To generate your own amalgamated hosts files you will need Python 3.6 or later.

 First, install the dependencies with:

@@ -108,7 +131,9 @@ pip3 install --user -r requirements.txt

 **Note** we recommend the `--user` flag which installs the required dependencies at the user level. More information about it can be found on pip [documentation](https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip_install/?highlight=--user#cmdoption-user).

-To run unit tests, in the top-level directory, run:
+### Common steps regardless of your development environment
+
+To **run unit tests**, in the top-level directory, run:

 ```sh
 python3 testUpdateHostsFile.py
@@ -119,15 +144,11 @@ local `data/` subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch upd
 (from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each source's folder). Otherwise, it
 will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

-### Usage
-
-#### Using Python 3:
-
 ```sh
 python3 updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]
 ```

-#### Command line options:
+#### Command line options

 `--help`, or `-h`: display help.

@@ -167,6 +188,11 @@ in a subfolder.  If the subfolder does not exist, it will be created.
 section at the top, containing lines like `127.0.0.1 localhost`.  This is
 useful for configuring proximate DNS services on the local network.

+`--nogendata`, or `-g`: `false` (default) or `true`, skip the generation of the
+readmeData.json file used for generating readme.md files.  This is useful if you are
+generating host files with additional whitelists or blacklists and want to keep your
+local checkout of this repo unmodified.
+
 `--compress`, or `-c`: `false` (default) or `true`, *Compress* the hosts file
 ignoring non-necessary lines (empty lines and comments) and putting multiple
 domains in each line. Reducing the number of lines of the hosts file improves
@@ -177,6 +203,12 @@ each domain on a separate line. This is necessary because many implementations
 of URL blockers that rely on `hosts` files do not conform to the standard which
 allows multiple hosts on a single line.

+`--blacklist <blacklistfile>`, or `-x <blacklistfile>`: Append the given blacklist file
+in hosts format to the generated hosts file.
+
+`--whitelist <whitelistfile>`, or `-w <whitelistfile>`: Use the given whitelist file
+to remove hosts from the generated hosts file.
+
 ## How do I control which sources are unified?

 Add one or more *additional* sources, each in a subfolder of the `data/`
@@ -223,8 +255,7 @@ If you discover sketchy domains you feel should be included here, here are some

 The best way to get new domains included is to submit an issue to any of the data providers whose home pages are [listed here](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts#sources-of-hosts-data-unified-in-this-variant). This is best because once you submit new domains, they will be curated and updated by the dedicated folks who maintain these sources.

-
-### Option 2: add your domains to Steven Black's personal data file
+### Option 2: Fork this repository, add your domains to Steven Black's personal data file, and submit a pull request

 Fork this hosts this repo and add your links to [https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts).

@@ -236,7 +267,6 @@ Then, submit a pull request.

 If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existence of your repo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.

-
 ## What is a hosts file?

 A hosts file, named `hosts` (with no file extension), is a plain-text file
@@ -275,22 +305,69 @@ interfere with a web server that may be running on the local PC.

 We tried that.  Using `0` doesn't work universally.

-
 ## Location of your hosts file

 To modify your current `hosts` file, look for it in the following places and modify it with a text
 editor.

-**macOS (until 10.14.x macOS Mojave), iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.
-
-**macOS Catalina:** `/private/etc/hosts` file.
-
-**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.
+* **macOS (until 10.14.x macOS Mojave), iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.
+* **macOS Catalina:** `/private/etc/hosts` file.
+* **Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.

 ## Gentoo

 Gentoo users may find [`sb-hosts`](https://github.com/PF4Public/gentoo-overlay/tree/master/net-misc/sb-hosts) in [::pf4public](https://github.com/PF4Public/gentoo-overlay) Gentoo overlay

+## NixOS
+
+To install hosts file on your machine add the following into your `configuration.nix`:
+
+```nix
+{
+  networking.extraHosts = let
+    hostsPath = https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts;
+    hostsFile = builtins.fetchurl hostsPath;
+  in builtins.readFile "${hostsFile}";
+}
+```
+
+* NOTE: Change `hostsPath` if you need other versions of hosts file.
+* NOTE: The call to `fetchurl` is impure.
+Use `fetchFromGitHub` with the exact commit if you want to always get the same result.
+
+### Nix Flake
+
+NixOS installations which are managed through *flakes* can use the hosts file like this:
+
+```nix
+{
+  inputs.hosts.url = github:StevenBlack/hosts;
+  outputs = { self, nixpkgs, hosts }: {
+    nixosConfigurations.my-hostname = {
+      system = "<architecture>";
+      modules = [
+        hosts.nixosModule {
+          networking.stevenBlackHosts.enable = true;
+        }
+      ];
+    };
+  };
+}
+```
+
+The hosts extensions are also available with the following options:
+
+```nix
+{
+  networking.stevenBlackHosts = {
+    blockFakenews = true;
+    blockGambling = true;
+    blockPorn = true;
+    blockSocial = true;
+  };
+}
+```
+
 ## Updating hosts file on Windows

 (NOTE: See also some third-party Hosts managers, listed below.)
@@ -309,26 +386,27 @@ saying that for this to work, you must be connected to the internet.

 To open a command prompt as administrator in the repository's directory, do the following:

-**Windows XP**: Start → Run → `cmd`
-
-**Windows Vista, 7**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
-
-**Windows 8**: Start → Swipe Up → All Apps → Windows System → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
-
-**Windows 10**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows XP**: Start → Run → `cmd`
+* **Windows Vista, 7**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows 8**: Start → Swipe Up → All Apps → Windows System → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows 10**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"

 You can also refer to the "Third-Party Hosts Managers" section for further recommended solutions from third parties.

+### Warning: Using this `hosts` file in Windows may require disabling DNS Cache service
+
+Windows has issues with larger hosts files. Recent changes in security within Windows 10 denies
+access to changing services via other tools except registry hacks. Use the `disable-dnscache-service-win.cmd`
+file to make proper changes to the Windows registry. You will need to reboot your device once that's done.
+See the [the comments within the `cmd` file](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/disable-dnscache-service-win.cmd)
+for more details.
+
 ## Reloading hosts file

 Your operating system will cache DNS lookups. You can either reboot or run the following commands to
 manually flush your DNS cache once the new hosts file is in place.

-| The Google Chrome browser may require manually cleaning up its DNS Cache on `chrome://net-internals/#dns` page to thereafter see the changes in your hosts file. See: <https://superuser.com/questions/723703>
-:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+The Google Chrome browser may require manually cleaning up its DNS Cache on `chrome://net-internals/#dns` page to thereafter see the changes in your hosts file. See: <https://superuser.com/questions/723703>

 ### Windows

@@ -338,47 +416,34 @@ Open a command prompt with administrator privileges and run this command:
 ipconfig /flushdns
 ```

-Before flushing the DNS cache, open a command prompt with administrator privileges and run this command:
-
-```bat
-sc config "Dnscache" start=disabled
-sc stop "Dnscache"
-```
-
 ### Linux

 Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

-**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+* **Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+* **Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`
+* **Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`
+* **Fedora Linux**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+* **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Network Manager**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+* **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`
+* **RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
+* **FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`

-**Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`
+  To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:

-**Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`
+  ```sh
+  sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
+  sudo service nscd start
+  ```

-**Fedora Linux**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+  Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:

-**Arch Linux/Manjaro with Network Manager**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+  ```text
+  hosts: cache files dns
+  ```

-**Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`
-
-**RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
-
-**FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`
-
-To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:
-
-```sh
-sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
-sudo service nscd start
-```
-
-Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:
-
-```text
-hosts: cache files dns
-```
-
-**Others**: Consult [this Wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).
+* **NixOS**: The `nscd.service` is automatically restarted when the option `networking.extraHosts` was changed.
+* **Others**: Consult [this Wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).

 ### macOS

@@ -400,11 +465,8 @@ This is why the [package.json](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/
 The goals of this repo are to:

 1. automatically combine high-quality lists of hosts,
-
 2. provide situation-appropriate extensions,
-
 3. de-dupe the resultant combined list,
-
 4. and keep the resultant file reasonably sized.

 A high-quality source is defined here as one that is actively curated.  A
@@ -418,26 +480,24 @@ devices under a variety of operating systems.
 ## Third-Party Hosts Managers

 * [Unified Hosts AutoUpdate](https://github.com/ScriptTiger/Unified-Hosts-AutoUpdate "Unified Hosts AutoUpdate") (for Windows): The Unified Hosts AutoUpdate package is purpose-built for this unified hosts project as well as in active development by community members. You can install and uninstall any blacklist and keep it automatically up to date, and can be placed in a shared network location and deployed across an organization via group policies. And since it is in active development by community members, your bug reports, feature requests, and other feedback are most welcome.
-
 * [ViHoMa](https://github.com/cmabad/ViHoMa) is a Visual Hosts file Manager, written in Java, by Christian Martínez.  Check it out!

 ## Interesting Applications

+* [Hosts-BL](https://github.com/ScriptTiger/Hosts-BL "Hosts-BL") is a simple tool to handle hosts file black lists. It can remove comments, remove duplicates, compress to 9 domains per line, add IPv6 entries. In addition, it can also convert black lists to multiple other black list formats compatible with other software, such as dnsmasq, DualServer, RPZ, Privoxy, and Unbound, to name a few.
+* [Host Minder](https://github.com/jeremehancock/hostminder#readme) is a simple GUI that allows you to easily update your /etc/hosts file to one of four consolidated hosts files from StevenBlack/hosts. It is provided as a deb package and comes pre-installed on [UbuntuCE](https://ubuntuce.com/).
+* [Maza ad blocking](https://github.com/tanrax/maza-ad-blocking) is a bash script that automatically updates host file. You can also update a fresh copy. And each time it generates a dnsmasq-compatible configuration file. Fast installation, compatible with MacOS, Linux and BSD.
 * [Hostile](https://github.com/feross/hostile) is a nifty command line utility to easily add or remove domains from your hosts file.  If our hosts files are too aggressive for you, you can use `hostile` to remove domains, or you can use `hostile` in a bash script to automate a post process each time you download fresh versions of hosts.
-
-* [macOS Scripting for Configuration, Backup and Restore](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config) helps customizing, re-installing and using macOS. It also provides a [script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/hosts_file_generator.sh) to install and update the hosts file using this project on macOS. In combination with a [launchd](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/com.hostsfile.install_update.plist) it updates the hosts file every x days (default is 4). To install both download the GitHub repo and run the [install script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/install_hosts_file_generator_and_launchdservice.sh) from the directory one level up.
-
-* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources. This is a very interesting project to set up yourself, or you can [buy one pre-loaded](https://uk.pi-supply.com/products/pi-hole-poe-edition-the-network-wide-ad-blocker).
-
+* [macOS Scripting for Configuration, Backup and Restore](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config) helps customizing, re-installing and using macOS. It also provides a [script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/hosts_file_generator.sh) to install and update the hosts file using this project on macOS. In combination with a [launchd](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/com.hostsfile.install_update.plist) it updates the hosts file every x days (default is 4). To install both, download the GitHub repo and run the [install script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/install_hosts_file_generator_and_launchdservice.sh) from the directory one level up.
+* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources.
 * [Block ads and malware via local BIND9 DNS server](https://github.com/mueller-ma/block-ads-via-dns "Block ads and malware via local DNS server") (for Debian, Raspbian & Ubuntu): Set up a local DNS server with a `/etc/bind/named.conf.blocked` file, sourced from here.
-
 * [Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server](https://scripttiger.github.io/dualserver/ "Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server") (for BSD, Windows & Linux): Set up a blacklist for everyone on your network using the power of the unified hosts reformatted for DualServer. And if you're on Windows, this project also maintains an update script to make updating DualServer's blacklist even easier.
-
 * [Blocking ads and malwares with unbound](https://deadc0de.re/articles/unbound-blocking-ads.html "Blocking ads and malwares with unbound") – [Unbound](https://www.unbound.net/ "Unbound is a validating, recursive, and caching DNS resolver.") is a validating, recursive, and caching DNS resolver.
+* [dnsmasq conversion script](https://gist.github.com/erlepereira/c11f4f7a3f60cd2071e79018e895fc8a#file-dnsmasq-antimalware) This GitHub gist has a short shell script (bash, will work on any 'nix) and uses `wget` & `awk` present in most distros, to fetch a specified hosts file and convert it to the format required by dnsmasq. Supports IPv4 and IPv6. Designed to be used as either a shell script, or can be dropped into `/etc/cron.weekly` (or wherever suits). The script is short and easily edited, also has a short document attached with notes on dnsmasq setup.
+* [BlackHosts - Command Line Installer/Updater](https://github.com/Lateralus138/blackhosts) This is a cross-platform command line utility to help install/update hosts files found at this repository.
+* [dnscrypt-proxy](https://github.com/DNSCrypt/dnscrypt-proxy/wiki/Combining-Blocklists) provides a tool to build block lists from local and remote lists in common formats.

-* [dnsmasq conversion script](https://gist.github.com/erlepereira/c11f4f7a3f60cd2071e79018e895fc8a#file-dnsmasq-antimalware) This GitHub gist has a short shell script (bash, will work on any 'nix) and uses `wget` & `awk` present in most distros, to fetch a specified hosts file and convert it the format required by dnsmasq. Supports IPv4 and IPv6. Designed to be used as either a shell script, or can be dropped into /etc/cron.weekly (or wherever suits). The script is short and easily edited, also has a short document attached with notes on dnsmasq setup.
-
-## Contribute!
+## Contribute

 Please read our [Contributing Guide](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/contributing.md). Among other things, this explains how we organize files and folders in this repository.

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
----
 **Take Note!**
- This version of the Hosts file generator, and tests, are for Python 3.5+ only.
- With the exception of issues and PRs regarding changes to `hosts/data/StevenBlack/hosts`, all other issues regarding the content of the produced hosts files should be made with the appropriate data source that contributed the content in question. The contact information for all of the data sources can be found in the `hosts/data/` directory.
+
+* With the exception of issues and PRs regarding changes to `hosts/data/StevenBlack/hosts`, all other issues regarding the content of the produced hosts files should be made with the appropriate data source that contributed the content in question. The contact information for all of the data sources can be found in the `hosts/data/` directory.
+
 ----

 ![Logo](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/.github/logo.png)
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 [![license](https://img.shields.io/github/license/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/license.txt)
 [![repo size](https://img.shields.io/github/repo-size/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts)
 [![contributors](https://img.shields.io/github/contributors/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/graphs/contributors)
-[![Build Status](https://img.shields.io/travis/StevenBlack/hosts/master.svg)](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts)
+[![Build Status](https://img.shields.io/github/workflow/status/StevenBlack/hosts/CI/master)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/actions?query=workflow%3ACI+branch%3Amaster)
 [![Code style: black](https://img.shields.io/badge/code%20style-black-000000.svg)](https://github.com/python/black)
 [![commits since last release](https://img.shields.io/github/commits-since/StevenBlack/hosts/latest.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
 [![last commit](https://img.shields.io/github/last-commit/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
@@ -21,37 +21,36 @@
 This repository consolidates several reputable `hosts` files, and merges them
 into a unified hosts file with duplicates removed.  A variety of tailored hosts files are provided.

-* Last updated: **April 07 2020**.
-* Here's the [raw hosts file with social extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) containing 57,207 entries.
+* Last updated: **May 05 2022**.
+* Here's the [raw hosts file with social extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) containing 116,313 entries.
 * Logo by [@Tobaloidee](https://github.com/Tobaloidee).

-
 ## List of all hosts file variants

 This repository offers [15 different host file variants](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates), in addition to the base variant.

 The **Non GitHub mirror** is the link to use for some hosts file managers like
-[Hostsman for Windows](http://www.abelhadigital.com/hostsman/) that don't work
+[Hostsman for Windows](https://www.abelhadigital.com/hostsman/) that don't work
 with GitHub download links.

 Host file recipe | Readme | Raw hosts | Unique domains | Non GitHub mirror
 ---------------- |:------:|:---------:|:--------------:|:-------------:
-Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 54,456 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 55,398 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 56,777 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 71,261 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 57,207 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 57,719 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 72,203 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 58,149 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 73,582 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 59,528 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 74,011 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 74,524 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 60,470 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 74,953 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 76,332 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 77,274 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 113,498 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 115,693 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 116,036 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 156,450 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 116,313 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 118,231 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 158,644 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 118,508 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 158,988 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 118,851 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 159,264 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 161,183 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 121,046 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 161,458 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 161,802 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 163,997 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)


 **Expectation**: These unified hosts files should serve all devices, regardless
@@ -65,26 +64,28 @@ included:
 Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License | Issues
 -----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:----------------:|:-------:|:------:
 Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues)
-Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone' | [issues](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/contact.php)
-add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-hostsVN | Hosts block ads of Vietnamese |[link](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/master/option/hosts-VN) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/issues)
-add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org/) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution | [issues](hosts@someonewhocares.org)
-MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com)
-yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org)
+AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | frequently | CC BY 3.0 | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/issues)
+add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+AdguardTeam cname trackers | CNAME-cloaked tracking abuses. |[link](https://github.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers/master/combined_disguised_trackers_justdomains.txt) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers/issues)
 Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/issues)
-URLHaus | A project from [abuse.ch](https://abuse.ch/) with the goal of sharing malicious URLs. |[link](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/) | [raw](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/downloads/hostfile/) | weekly | CC0 | [issues](mailto:cosntacptamem@abuse.ch)
-UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://kadantiscam.netlify.com/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/master/KADhosts_without_controversies.txt) | frequently | CC BY-SA 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/issues)
-AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0 | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/AdAway/issues)
-add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+hostsVN | Hosts block ads of Vietnamese |[link](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/master/option/hosts-VN) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/issues)
+KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://kadantiscam.netlify.app/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | CC BY-SA 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/issues)
+MetaMask eth-phishing-detect | Phishing domains targeting Ethereum users. |[link](https://github.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect/master/src/hosts.txt) | frequent | DON'T BE A DICK PUBLIC LICENSE | [issues](https://github.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect/issues)
+minecraft-hosts | Minecraft related tracker hosts |[link](https://github.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts/master/lists/tracking.txt) | occasionally | CC0-1.0 | [issues](https://github.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts/issues)
+MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](https://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](https://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com)
+shady-hosts | Analytics, ad, and activity monitoring hosts |[link](https://github.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts/main/hosts) | occasionally | CC0-1.0 | [issues](https://github.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts/issues)
+Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org/) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution | [issues](mailto:hosts@someonewhocares.org)
 Tiuxo hostlist - ads | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/ads) | occasional | CC BY 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues)
+UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+URLHaus | A project from [abuse.ch](https://abuse.ch/) with the goal of sharing malicious URLs. |[link](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/) | [raw](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/downloads/hostfile/) | weekly | CC0 | [issues](mailto:contactme@abuse.ch)
+yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org)
 Sinfonietta's social media blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/social-hosts) | occasional | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues)
 Tiuxo hostlist - social | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/social) | occasional | CC BY 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues)


-
 ## Extensions

 The unified hosts file is optionally extensible.  Extensions are used to include domains by category.  Currently, we offer the following categories: `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn`.
@@ -96,7 +97,28 @@ folder tree, where you will find the data for `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`,

 ## Generate your own unified hosts file

-To generate your own unified hosts file you will need Python 3.5 or later.
+You have two options to generate your own hosts file.  You can do it in your own environment, or within a Docker container.  We'll cover Docker first because it's a short section.
+
+### Option 1: Generate in a Docker container
+
+We provide a [Dockerfile](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/Dockerfile) that you can use to create a Docker container with everything you need.
+The container will contain Python 3 and all its dependency requirements, and a copy of the latest version of this repository.
+
+Build the Docker container like this:
+
+```sh
+docker build ./
+```
+
+Access the terminal like this:
+
+```sh
+docker run -it (containerid) bash
+```
+
+### Option 2: Generate it in your own environment
+
+To generate your own amalgamated hosts files you will need Python 3.6 or later.

 First, install the dependencies with:

@@ -106,7 +128,9 @@ pip3 install --user -r requirements.txt

 **Note** we recommend the `--user` flag which installs the required dependencies at the user level. More information about it can be found on pip [documentation](https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip_install/?highlight=--user#cmdoption-user).

-To run unit tests, in the top-level directory, run:
+### Common steps regardless of your development environment
+
+To **run unit tests**, in the top-level directory, run:

 ```sh
 python3 testUpdateHostsFile.py
@@ -117,15 +141,11 @@ local `data/` subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch upd
 (from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each source's folder). Otherwise, it
 will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

-### Usage
-
-#### Using Python 3:
-
 ```sh
 python3 updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]
 ```

-#### Command line options:
+#### Command line options

 `--help`, or `-h`: display help.

@@ -165,6 +185,11 @@ in a subfolder.  If the subfolder does not exist, it will be created.
 section at the top, containing lines like `127.0.0.1 localhost`.  This is
 useful for configuring proximate DNS services on the local network.

+`--nogendata`, or `-g`: `false` (default) or `true`, skip the generation of the
+readmeData.json file used for generating readme.md files.  This is useful if you are
+generating host files with additional whitelists or blacklists and want to keep your
+local checkout of this repo unmodified.
+
 `--compress`, or `-c`: `false` (default) or `true`, *Compress* the hosts file
 ignoring non-necessary lines (empty lines and comments) and putting multiple
 domains in each line. Reducing the number of lines of the hosts file improves
@@ -175,6 +200,12 @@ each domain on a separate line. This is necessary because many implementations
 of URL blockers that rely on `hosts` files do not conform to the standard which
 allows multiple hosts on a single line.

+`--blacklist <blacklistfile>`, or `-x <blacklistfile>`: Append the given blacklist file
+in hosts format to the generated hosts file.
+
+`--whitelist <whitelistfile>`, or `-w <whitelistfile>`: Use the given whitelist file
+to remove hosts from the generated hosts file.
+
 ## How do I control which sources are unified?

 Add one or more *additional* sources, each in a subfolder of the `data/`
@@ -221,8 +252,7 @@ If you discover sketchy domains you feel should be included here, here are some

 The best way to get new domains included is to submit an issue to any of the data providers whose home pages are [listed here](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts#sources-of-hosts-data-unified-in-this-variant). This is best because once you submit new domains, they will be curated and updated by the dedicated folks who maintain these sources.

-
-### Option 2: add your domains to Steven Black's personal data file
+### Option 2: Fork this repository, add your domains to Steven Black's personal data file, and submit a pull request

 Fork this hosts this repo and add your links to [https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts).

@@ -234,7 +264,6 @@ Then, submit a pull request.

 If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existence of your repo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.

-
 ## What is a hosts file?

 A hosts file, named `hosts` (with no file extension), is a plain-text file
@@ -273,22 +302,69 @@ interfere with a web server that may be running on the local PC.

 We tried that.  Using `0` doesn't work universally.

-
 ## Location of your hosts file

 To modify your current `hosts` file, look for it in the following places and modify it with a text
 editor.

-**macOS (until 10.14.x macOS Mojave), iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.
-
-**macOS Catalina:** `/private/etc/hosts` file.
-
-**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.
+* **macOS (until 10.14.x macOS Mojave), iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.
+* **macOS Catalina:** `/private/etc/hosts` file.
+* **Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.

 ## Gentoo

 Gentoo users may find [`sb-hosts`](https://github.com/PF4Public/gentoo-overlay/tree/master/net-misc/sb-hosts) in [::pf4public](https://github.com/PF4Public/gentoo-overlay) Gentoo overlay

+## NixOS
+
+To install hosts file on your machine add the following into your `configuration.nix`:
+
+```nix
+{
+  networking.extraHosts = let
+    hostsPath = https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts;
+    hostsFile = builtins.fetchurl hostsPath;
+  in builtins.readFile "${hostsFile}";
+}
+```
+
+* NOTE: Change `hostsPath` if you need other versions of hosts file.
+* NOTE: The call to `fetchurl` is impure.
+Use `fetchFromGitHub` with the exact commit if you want to always get the same result.
+
+### Nix Flake
+
+NixOS installations which are managed through *flakes* can use the hosts file like this:
+
+```nix
+{
+  inputs.hosts.url = github:StevenBlack/hosts;
+  outputs = { self, nixpkgs, hosts }: {
+    nixosConfigurations.my-hostname = {
+      system = "<architecture>";
+      modules = [
+        hosts.nixosModule {
+          networking.stevenBlackHosts.enable = true;
+        }
+      ];
+    };
+  };
+}
+```
+
+The hosts extensions are also available with the following options:
+
+```nix
+{
+  networking.stevenBlackHosts = {
+    blockFakenews = true;
+    blockGambling = true;
+    blockPorn = true;
+    blockSocial = true;
+  };
+}
+```
+
 ## Updating hosts file on Windows

 (NOTE: See also some third-party Hosts managers, listed below.)
@@ -307,26 +383,27 @@ saying that for this to work, you must be connected to the internet.

 To open a command prompt as administrator in the repository's directory, do the following:

-**Windows XP**: Start → Run → `cmd`
-
-**Windows Vista, 7**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
-
-**Windows 8**: Start → Swipe Up → All Apps → Windows System → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
-
-**Windows 10**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows XP**: Start → Run → `cmd`
+* **Windows Vista, 7**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows 8**: Start → Swipe Up → All Apps → Windows System → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows 10**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"

 You can also refer to the "Third-Party Hosts Managers" section for further recommended solutions from third parties.

+### Warning: Using this `hosts` file in Windows may require disabling DNS Cache service
+
+Windows has issues with larger hosts files. Recent changes in security within Windows 10 denies
+access to changing services via other tools except registry hacks. Use the `disable-dnscache-service-win.cmd`
+file to make proper changes to the Windows registry. You will need to reboot your device once that's done.
+See the [the comments within the `cmd` file](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/disable-dnscache-service-win.cmd)
+for more details.
+
 ## Reloading hosts file

 Your operating system will cache DNS lookups. You can either reboot or run the following commands to
 manually flush your DNS cache once the new hosts file is in place.

-| The Google Chrome browser may require manually cleaning up its DNS Cache on `chrome://net-internals/#dns` page to thereafter see the changes in your hosts file. See: <https://superuser.com/questions/723703>
-:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+The Google Chrome browser may require manually cleaning up its DNS Cache on `chrome://net-internals/#dns` page to thereafter see the changes in your hosts file. See: <https://superuser.com/questions/723703>

 ### Windows

@@ -336,47 +413,34 @@ Open a command prompt with administrator privileges and run this command:
 ipconfig /flushdns
 ```

-Before flushing the DNS cache, open a command prompt with administrator privileges and run this command:
-
-```bat
-sc config "Dnscache" start=disabled
-sc stop "Dnscache"
-```
-
 ### Linux

 Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

-**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+* **Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+* **Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`
+* **Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`
+* **Fedora Linux**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+* **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Network Manager**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+* **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`
+* **RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
+* **FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`

-**Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`
+  To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:

-**Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`
+  ```sh
+  sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
+  sudo service nscd start
+  ```

-**Fedora Linux**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+  Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:

-**Arch Linux/Manjaro with Network Manager**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+  ```text
+  hosts: cache files dns
+  ```

-**Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`
-
-**RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
-
-**FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`
-
-To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:
-
-```sh
-sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
-sudo service nscd start
-```
-
-Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:
-
-```text
-hosts: cache files dns
-```
-
-**Others**: Consult [this Wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).
+* **NixOS**: The `nscd.service` is automatically restarted when the option `networking.extraHosts` was changed.
+* **Others**: Consult [this Wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).

 ### macOS

@@ -398,11 +462,8 @@ This is why the [package.json](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/
 The goals of this repo are to:

 1. automatically combine high-quality lists of hosts,
-
 2. provide situation-appropriate extensions,
-
 3. de-dupe the resultant combined list,
-
 4. and keep the resultant file reasonably sized.

 A high-quality source is defined here as one that is actively curated.  A
@@ -416,26 +477,24 @@ devices under a variety of operating systems.
 ## Third-Party Hosts Managers

 * [Unified Hosts AutoUpdate](https://github.com/ScriptTiger/Unified-Hosts-AutoUpdate "Unified Hosts AutoUpdate") (for Windows): The Unified Hosts AutoUpdate package is purpose-built for this unified hosts project as well as in active development by community members. You can install and uninstall any blacklist and keep it automatically up to date, and can be placed in a shared network location and deployed across an organization via group policies. And since it is in active development by community members, your bug reports, feature requests, and other feedback are most welcome.
-
 * [ViHoMa](https://github.com/cmabad/ViHoMa) is a Visual Hosts file Manager, written in Java, by Christian Martínez.  Check it out!

 ## Interesting Applications

+* [Hosts-BL](https://github.com/ScriptTiger/Hosts-BL "Hosts-BL") is a simple tool to handle hosts file black lists. It can remove comments, remove duplicates, compress to 9 domains per line, add IPv6 entries. In addition, it can also convert black lists to multiple other black list formats compatible with other software, such as dnsmasq, DualServer, RPZ, Privoxy, and Unbound, to name a few.
+* [Host Minder](https://github.com/jeremehancock/hostminder#readme) is a simple GUI that allows you to easily update your /etc/hosts file to one of four consolidated hosts files from StevenBlack/hosts. It is provided as a deb package and comes pre-installed on [UbuntuCE](https://ubuntuce.com/).
+* [Maza ad blocking](https://github.com/tanrax/maza-ad-blocking) is a bash script that automatically updates host file. You can also update a fresh copy. And each time it generates a dnsmasq-compatible configuration file. Fast installation, compatible with MacOS, Linux and BSD.
 * [Hostile](https://github.com/feross/hostile) is a nifty command line utility to easily add or remove domains from your hosts file.  If our hosts files are too aggressive for you, you can use `hostile` to remove domains, or you can use `hostile` in a bash script to automate a post process each time you download fresh versions of hosts.
-
-* [macOS Scripting for Configuration, Backup and Restore](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config) helps customizing, re-installing and using macOS. It also provides a [script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/hosts_file_generator.sh) to install and update the hosts file using this project on macOS. In combination with a [launchd](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/com.hostsfile.install_update.plist) it updates the hosts file every x days (default is 4). To install both download the GitHub repo and run the [install script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/install_hosts_file_generator_and_launchdservice.sh) from the directory one level up.
-
-* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources. This is a very interesting project to set up yourself, or you can [buy one pre-loaded](https://uk.pi-supply.com/products/pi-hole-poe-edition-the-network-wide-ad-blocker).
-
+* [macOS Scripting for Configuration, Backup and Restore](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config) helps customizing, re-installing and using macOS. It also provides a [script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/hosts_file_generator.sh) to install and update the hosts file using this project on macOS. In combination with a [launchd](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/com.hostsfile.install_update.plist) it updates the hosts file every x days (default is 4). To install both, download the GitHub repo and run the [install script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/install_hosts_file_generator_and_launchdservice.sh) from the directory one level up.
+* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources.
 * [Block ads and malware via local BIND9 DNS server](https://github.com/mueller-ma/block-ads-via-dns "Block ads and malware via local DNS server") (for Debian, Raspbian & Ubuntu): Set up a local DNS server with a `/etc/bind/named.conf.blocked` file, sourced from here.
-
 * [Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server](https://scripttiger.github.io/dualserver/ "Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server") (for BSD, Windows & Linux): Set up a blacklist for everyone on your network using the power of the unified hosts reformatted for DualServer. And if you're on Windows, this project also maintains an update script to make updating DualServer's blacklist even easier.
-
 * [Blocking ads and malwares with unbound](https://deadc0de.re/articles/unbound-blocking-ads.html "Blocking ads and malwares with unbound") – [Unbound](https://www.unbound.net/ "Unbound is a validating, recursive, and caching DNS resolver.") is a validating, recursive, and caching DNS resolver.
+* [dnsmasq conversion script](https://gist.github.com/erlepereira/c11f4f7a3f60cd2071e79018e895fc8a#file-dnsmasq-antimalware) This GitHub gist has a short shell script (bash, will work on any 'nix) and uses `wget` & `awk` present in most distros, to fetch a specified hosts file and convert it to the format required by dnsmasq. Supports IPv4 and IPv6. Designed to be used as either a shell script, or can be dropped into `/etc/cron.weekly` (or wherever suits). The script is short and easily edited, also has a short document attached with notes on dnsmasq setup.
+* [BlackHosts - Command Line Installer/Updater](https://github.com/Lateralus138/blackhosts) This is a cross-platform command line utility to help install/update hosts files found at this repository.
+* [dnscrypt-proxy](https://github.com/DNSCrypt/dnscrypt-proxy/wiki/Combining-Blocklists) provides a tool to build block lists from local and remote lists in common formats.

-* [dnsmasq conversion script](https://gist.github.com/erlepereira/c11f4f7a3f60cd2071e79018e895fc8a#file-dnsmasq-antimalware) This GitHub gist has a short shell script (bash, will work on any 'nix) and uses `wget` & `awk` present in most distros, to fetch a specified hosts file and convert it the format required by dnsmasq. Supports IPv4 and IPv6. Designed to be used as either a shell script, or can be dropped into /etc/cron.weekly (or wherever suits). The script is short and easily edited, also has a short document attached with notes on dnsmasq setup.
-
-## Contribute!
+## Contribute

 Please read our [Contributing Guide](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/contributing.md). Among other things, this explains how we organize files and folders in this repository.

@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/bash
-
-set -e
-
-if [ -d "$HOME/miniconda3" ] && [ -e "$HOME/miniconda3/bin/conda" ]; then
-    echo "Miniconda install already present in cache: $HOME/miniconda3"
-    rm -rf "$HOME"/miniconda3/envs/hosts  # Just in case...
-else
-    echo "Installing Miniconda..."
-    rm -rf "$HOME"/miniconda3  # Just in case...
-
-    if [ "${TRAVIS_OS_NAME}" == "osx" ]; then
-        wget https://repo.continuum.io/miniconda/Miniconda3-latest-MacOSX-x86_64.sh -O miniconda.sh
-    else
-        wget https://repo.continuum.io/miniconda/Miniconda3-latest-Linux-x86_64.sh -O miniconda.sh
-    fi
-
-    bash miniconda.sh -b -p "$HOME/miniconda3"
-fi
-
-echo "Configuring Miniconda..."
-conda config --set ssl_verify false
-conda config --set always_yes true --set changeps1 false
-
-echo "Updating Miniconda"
-conda update conda
-conda update --all
-conda info -a
@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/bash
-
-set -e
-
-echo "Linting repository..."
-source activate hosts
-
-flake8 --max-line-length 120
@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/bash
-
-set -e
-
-echo "Creating a Python $PYTHON_VERSION environment"
-conda create -n hosts python="$PYTHON_VERSION"
-source activate hosts
-
-echo "Installing packages..."
-conda install flake8 beautifulsoup4 lxml
@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/bash
-
-set -e
-
-echo "Running unit tests..."
-source activate hosts
-
-python testUpdateHostsFile.py
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+{
+    "name": "AdguardTeam cname trackers",
+    "description": "CNAME-cloaked tracking abuses.",
+    "homeurl": "https://github.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers",
+    "frequency": "occasionally",
+    "issues": "https://github.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers/issues",
+    "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers/master/combined_disguised_trackers_justdomains.txt",
+    "license": "MIT"
+}
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 {
    "name": "KADhosts",
    "description": "Fraud/adware/scam websites.",
-    "homeurl": "https://kadantiscam.netlify.com/",
+    "homeurl": "https://kadantiscam.netlify.app/",
    "frequency": "frequently",
    "issues": "https://github.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/issues",
-    "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/master/KADhosts_without_controversies.txt",
+    "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt",
    "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0"
 }
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+{
+    "name": "MetaMask eth-phishing-detect",
+    "description": "Phishing domains targeting Ethereum users.",
+    "homeurl": "https://github.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect",
+    "frequency": "frequent",
+    "issues": "https://github.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect/issues",
+    "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect/master/src/hosts.txt",
+    "license": "DON'T BE A DICK PUBLIC LICENSE"
+}
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
    "description": "A project from [abuse.ch](https://abuse.ch/) with the goal of sharing malicious URLs.",
    "homeurl": "https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/",
    "frequency": "weekly",
-    "issues": "mailto:cosntacptamem@abuse.ch",
+    "issues": "mailto:contactme@abuse.ch",
    "url": "https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/downloads/hostfile/",
    "license": "CC0"
 }
@@ -5,6 +5,5 @@
 0.0.0.0 cdn.mypcbackup.com
 0.0.0.0 inno.bisrv.com
 0.0.0.0 installer.betterinstaller.com
-0.0.0.0 installer.filebulldog.com
 0.0.0.0 nsis.bisrv.com
 0.0.0.0 tracking.opencandy.com.s3.amazonaws.com
@@ -4,5 +4,6 @@
    "homeurl": "https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras",
    "frequency": "occasionally",
    "issues": "https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues",
-    "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts"
+    "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts",
+    "license": "MIT"
 }
@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
    "name": "AdAway",
    "description": "AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file.",
    "homeurl": "https://adaway.org/",
-    "frequency": "occasionally",
-    "issues": "https://github.com/AdAway/AdAway/issues",
+    "frequency": "frequently",
+    "issues": "https://github.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/issues",
    "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt",
    "license": "CC BY 3.0"
 }
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 {
    "name": "add.2o7Net",
-    "description": "2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content.",
+    "description": "2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content.",
    "homeurl": "https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras",
    "frequency": "occasionally",
    "issues": "https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues",
    "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts",
-    "license": "GPLv3+"
+    "license": "MIT"
 }
@@ -2,19 +2,13 @@
 0.0.0.0 blacksnake.com
 0.0.0.0 europcareer.com
 0.0.0.0 get-avast.com
-0.0.0.0 google-docs.info
-0.0.0.0 gooqleapi.com
 0.0.0.0 iphonegames3g.com
-0.0.0.0 jmp2click.com
 0.0.0.0 microsoft-update.name
-0.0.0.0 paypai.org
 0.0.0.0 sunonsunday.com
 0.0.0.0 thesunonsunday.com
 0.0.0.0 toolbar.wibiya.com
 0.0.0.0 www.avast-downloads.com
 0.0.0.0 www.europcareer.com
 0.0.0.0 www.get-avast.com
-0.0.0.0 www.google-docs.info
 0.0.0.0 www.iphonegames3g.com
-0.0.0.0 www.jmp2click.com
 0.0.0.0 www.microsoft-update.name
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 {
    "name": "add.Dead",
-    "description": "Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content.",
+    "description": "Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content.",
    "homeurl": "https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras",
    "frequency": "occasionally",
    "issues": "https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues",
    "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts",
-    "license": "GPLv3+"
+    "license": "MIT"
 }
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 {
    "name": "add.Risk",
-    "description": "Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content.",
+    "description": "Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content.",
    "homeurl": "https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras",
    "frequency": "occasionally",
    "issues": "https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues",
    "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts",
-    "license": "GPLv3+"
+    "license": "MIT"
 }
@@ -1,36 +1,24 @@
 0.0.0.0 100.1qingdao.com
 0.0.0.0 7minuteworkout.com
 0.0.0.0 addshoppers.com
-0.0.0.0 affiliatecashpile.go2jump.org
 0.0.0.0 arklighting.co
-0.0.0.0 bigpayout.go2jump.org
 0.0.0.0 brandedleadgeneration.com
 0.0.0.0 clicktshirtprinting.co.uk
-0.0.0.0 creditauthpagev3.info
-0.0.0.0 dandingo.go2jump.org
-0.0.0.0 defenderxtactical.com
 0.0.0.0 divisioncore.com
 0.0.0.0 fitnesshealthreporter.com
 0.0.0.0 freeforums.org
-0.0.0.0 go2jump.org
 0.0.0.0 gtradersoft.com
 0.0.0.0 heartrevitalized.com
 0.0.0.0 janeaustenjoy.com
-0.0.0.0 lazyprofits.go2jump.org
 0.0.0.0 medtecchina.com
 0.0.0.0 motoren.ru
 0.0.0.0 mydreamdegree.com
-0.0.0.0 nero-us.com
-0.0.0.0 news.nero-emea.com
-0.0.0.0 news.nero-us.com
 0.0.0.0 novastarled.com
-0.0.0.0 offerscience.go2jump.org
 0.0.0.0 onlineloan-personal.net
 0.0.0.0 otherinbox.com
 0.0.0.0 pcbutts1-therealtruth.blogspot.com
 0.0.0.0 playlott.com
 0.0.0.0 profitsitesbiz.com
-0.0.0.0 redhotfreebies.co.uk
 0.0.0.0 securesignupoffers.org
 0.0.0.0 stsoftware.biz
 0.0.0.0 tekindustri.upnjatim.ac.id
@@ -44,19 +32,15 @@
 0.0.0.0 www.arklighting.co
 0.0.0.0 www.brandedleadgeneration.com
 0.0.0.0 www.clicktshirtprinting.co.uk
-0.0.0.0 www.creditauthpagev3.info
-0.0.0.0 www.defenderxtactical.com
 0.0.0.0 www.divisioncore.com
 0.0.0.0 www.fitnesshealthreporter.com
 0.0.0.0 www.freeforums.org
-0.0.0.0 www.go2jump.org
 0.0.0.0 www.gtradersoft.com
 0.0.0.0 www.heartrevitalized.com
 0.0.0.0 www.janeaustenjoy.com
 0.0.0.0 www.medtecchina.com
 0.0.0.0 www.motoren.ru
 0.0.0.0 www.mydreamdegree.com
-0.0.0.0 www.nero-us.com
 0.0.0.0 www.novastarled.com
 0.0.0.0 www.onlineloan-personal.net
 0.0.0.0 www.otherinbox.com
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 {
    "name": "add.Spam",
-    "description": "Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content.",
+    "description": "Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content.",
    "homeurl": "https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras",
    "frequency": "occasionally",
    "issues": "https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues",
    "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts",
-    "license": "GPLv3+"
+    "license": "MIT"
 }
@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "name": "Malware Domain List",
-    "description": "Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project.",
-    "homeurl": "https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/",
-    "frequency": "weekly",
-    "issues": "https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/contact.php",
-    "url": "https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt",
-    "license": "'can be used for free by anyone'"
-}
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# minecraft-hosts - Tracking Domains
+# License: CC0
+
+auxilium.ftb.team
+bstats.org
+mcmc.dev
+mcstats.org
+metrics.shmeeb.net
+openeye.openmods.info
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+{
+    "name": "minecraft-hosts",
+    "description": "Minecraft related tracker hosts",
+    "homeurl": "https://github.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts",
+    "frequency": "occasionally",
+    "issues": "https://github.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts/issues",
+    "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts/master/lists/tracking.txt",
+    "license": "CC0-1.0"
+}
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 {
    "name": "MVPS hosts file",
    "description": "The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file.",
-    "homeurl": "http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/",
+    "homeurl": "https://winhelp2002.mvps.org/",
    "frequency": "monthly",
    "issues": "mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com",
-    "url": "http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt",
+    "url": "https://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt",
    "license": "CC BY-NC-SA 4.0"
 }
@@ -0,0 +1,474 @@
+0.0.0.0 a.et.nytimes.com
+0.0.0.0 a.exdynsrv.com
+0.0.0.0 a.omappapi.com
+0.0.0.0 a.opmnstr.com
+0.0.0.0 a.pub.network
+0.0.0.0 abcnews.hb.omtrdc.net
+0.0.0.0 abcnews.tt.omtrdc.net
+0.0.0.0 acdn.adnxs.com
+0.0.0.0 adpushup.com
+0.0.0.0 ads-api.twitter.com
+0.0.0.0 ads.holid.io
+0.0.0.0 amazonwebservices.d2.sc.omtrdc.net
+0.0.0.0 analyti.uber.space
+0.0.0.0 analytics.getsocialeyes.com
+0.0.0.0 analytics.vadian.net
+0.0.0.0 analytics.write.as
+0.0.0.0 api-2-0.spot.im
+0.0.0.0 api-js.mixpanel.com
+0.0.0.0 api.airbrake.io
+0.0.0.0 api.b2c.com
+0.0.0.0 api.boxever.com
+0.0.0.0 api.btloader.com
+0.0.0.0 api2.branch.io
+0.0.0.0 ascendeum-d.openx.net
+0.0.0.0 backfills.ph.affinity.com
+0.0.0.0 bid.glass
+0.0.0.0 btloader.com
+0.0.0.0 by2.uservoice.com
+0.0.0.0 cdn-magiclinks.trackonomics.net
+0.0.0.0 cdn.engine.spotscenered.info
+0.0.0.0 cdn.insurads.com
+0.0.0.0 cdn.intergient.com
+0.0.0.0 cdn.izooto.com
+0.0.0.0 cdn.playwire.com
+0.0.0.0 cdn.snigelweb.com
+0.0.0.0 cdn.usefathom.com
+0.0.0.0 client.px-cloud.net
+0.0.0.0 dotmetrics.net
+0.0.0.0 ev.kck.st
+0.0.0.0 ezodn.com
+0.0.0.0 fast.appcues.com
+0.0.0.0 gc.zgo.at
+0.0.0.0 geo-eu.snigelweb.com
+0.0.0.0 geo-us.snigelweb.com
+0.0.0.0 go.ezodn.com
+0.0.0.0 ip.prvtx.net
+0.0.0.0 metrics.readme.io
+0.0.0.0 piwik.opendesktop.org
+0.0.0.0 pixel-static.spotify.com
+0.0.0.0 pixel.ampry.com
+0.0.0.0 pixel.spotify.com
+0.0.0.0 plus.addkt.com
+0.0.0.0 powerad.ai
+0.0.0.0 prebid-server-production.herokuapp.com
+0.0.0.0 privatestats.whatsapp.net
+0.0.0.0 programmatic.doceree.com
+0.0.0.0 protected-by.clarium.io
+0.0.0.0 scripts.simpleanalyticscdn.com
+0.0.0.0 scripttags.justuno.com
+0.0.0.0 secure-sts-prod.imrworldwide.com
+0.0.0.0 server.ethicalads.io
+0.0.0.0 shynet.rmrm.io
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+0.0.0.0 smetrics.elsevier.com
+0.0.0.0 snigelweb-com.videoplayerhub.com
+0.0.0.0 snigelweb.com
+0.0.0.0 static.addtoany.com
+0.0.0.0 static.cloudflareinsights.com
+0.0.0.0 stats.framasoft.org
+0.0.0.0 stats.kde.org
+0.0.0.0 stats.libretexts.org
+0.0.0.0 stats.nextcloud.com
+0.0.0.0 t.stripe.com
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+0.0.0.0 u.o0bc.com
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+0.0.0.0 uk-script.dotmetrics.net
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+0.0.0.0 userreport.com
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+0.0.0.0 vms.boldchat.com
+0.0.0.0 vt.myvisualiq.net
+0.0.0.0 www.datadoghq-browser-agent.com
+0.0.0.0 www.fastly-insights.com
+0.0.0.0 www.increaserev.com
+0.0.0.0 www.medtargetsystem.com
+0.0.0.0 www.npttech.com
+0.0.0.0 www.stack-sonar.com
+
+#
+# From https://github.com/prebid/Prebid.js
+#
+
+0.0.0.0 bidder.7xbid.com
+0.0.0.0 bidder.ablida.net
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+0.0.0.0 bes.mobfox.com
+0.0.0.0 prebid.mobsmart.net
+0.0.0.0 tags.mobsmart.net
+0.0.0.0 nafdigitalbidder.com
+0.0.0.0 ad.audiencemanager.de
+0.0.0.0 adn.admixer.co.kr
+0.0.0.0 brainlyads.com
+0.0.0.0 qa-ads.nobid.com
+0.0.0.0 onetag-sys.com
+0.0.0.0 ads.adaptv.advertising.com
+0.0.0.0 ads-wc.v.ssp.yahoo.com
+0.0.0.0 pixel.advertising.com
+0.0.0.0 match.adsrvr.org
+0.0.0.0 sync-tm.everesttech.net
+0.0.0.0 bidder.onomagic.com
+0.0.0.0 pbdata.oolo.io
+0.0.0.0 as.vt.open8.com
+0.0.0.0 prebid.openx.net
+0.0.0.0 u.openx.net
+0.0.0.0 orbidder.otto.de
+0.0.0.0 ssp.otm-r.com
+0.0.0.0 api.outcondigital.com
+0.0.0.0 elb.the-ozone-project.com
+0.0.0.0 prebid.the-ozone-project.com
+0.0.0.0 x.padsquad.com
+0.0.0.0 prebid.papyrus.global
+0.0.0.0 h.parrable.com
+0.0.0.0 dale.performax.cz
+0.0.0.0 ad.piximedia.com
+0.0.0.0 piohbdisp.hb.adx1.com
+0.0.0.0 endpoint.prebidmanager.com
+0.0.0.0 abs.proxistore.com
+0.0.0.0 ortb.adpearl.io
+0.0.0.0 t.pubmatic.com
+0.0.0.0 hbopenbid.pubmatic.com
+0.0.0.0 ads.pubmatic.com
+0.0.0.0 pubmatic.bbvms.com
+0.0.0.0 api.pubwise.io
+0.0.0.0 bid.pubwise.io
+0.0.0.0 api.pbxai.com
+0.0.0.0 api.primecaster.net
+0.0.0.0 bid.contextweb.com
+0.0.0.0 bh.contextweb.com
+0.0.0.0 ads.playground.xyz
+0.0.0.0 qcx.quantserve.com
+0.0.0.0 bidder.qwarry.co
+0.0.0.0 rads.recognified.net
+0.0.0.0 ac.realvu.net
+0.0.0.0 confirm.fiduciadlt.com
+0.0.0.0 ads.rekmob.com
+0.0.0.0 api.relaido.jp
+0.0.0.0 bid306.rtbsrv.com
+0.0.0.0 trends.revcontent.com
+
+# www.qatarairways.com
+0.0.0.0 smetrics.qatarairways.com
+0.0.0.0 qatarairways.tt.omtrdc.net
+0.0.0.0 api.boxever.com
+
+# openstax.org
+0.0.0.0 js.pulseinsights.com
+
+# www.osano.com
+0.0.0.0 snap.licdn.com
+
+# www.quizexpo.com
+0.0.0.0 demand.supply
+0.0.0.0 live.demand.supply
+
+# america.aljazeera.com
+0.0.0.0 cdn.gigya.com
+
+# www.cplusplus.com
+0.0.0.0 cloud.setupad.com
+0.0.0.0 node.setupad.com
+0.0.0.0 prebid-stag.setupad.net
+
+# www.jstor.org
+0.0.0.0 ja.jstor.org
+
+# brilliant.org
+0.0.0.0 in.brilliant.org
+
+# artixlinux.org
+0.0.0.0 stats.artixlinux.org
+
+# ywc.thehindu.com
+0.0.0.0 csm.cxpublic.com
+0.0.0.0 tai.thehindu.com
+0.0.0.0 dm.thehindu.com
+0.0.0.0 go.automatad.com
+0.0.0.0 b2cdn.automatad.com
+0.0.0.0 cdn.automatad.com
+
+# www.gourmetads.com
+0.0.0.0 bcdn.grmtas.com
+
+# www.msn.com
+0.0.0.0 mssl.fwmrm.net
+0.0.0.0 visitor.omnitagjs.com
+
+# www.digitalmarketer.com
+0.0.0.0 snippet.upviral.com
+0.0.0.0 app.upviral.com
+
+# go.pendo.io
+0.0.0.0 js.driftt.com
+0.0.0.0 api.drift.com
+0.0.0.0 account.api.drift.com
+0.0.0.0 pages.api.driftqa.com
+0.0.0.0 conversation2.api.driftqa.com
+0.0.0.0 customer2.api.driftqa.com
+0.0.0.0 file2.api.driftqa.com
+0.0.0.0 ws.api.driftqa.com
+0.0.0.0 drift.click
+
+# jsfiddle.net
+0.0.0.0 crbcdn.jsfiddle.net
+0.0.0.0 crbsrv.jsfiddle.net
+
+# htwins.net
+0.0.0.0 queue.simpleanalyticscdn.com
+
+# linkedin.github.io
+0.0.0.0 tracking.eskratch.com
+
+# gizmodo.com
+0.0.0.0 sourcepoint.gizmodo.com
+
+# awesomewm.org
+0.0.0.0 piwik.awesomewm.org
+
+# www.aljazeera.com
+0.0.0.0 tags.aljazeera.com
+0.0.0.0 cdn.omnivirt.com
+
+# 65521.org
+0.0.0.0 stats.0www.org
+
+# dotcs.me
+0.0.0.0 analytics.home.dotcs.me
+
+# speedtest.net.uk
+0.0.0.0 stats.custserv.net
+
+# www.openstreetmap.org
+0.0.0.0 piwik.openstreetmap.org
+
+# www.babbel.com
+0.0.0.0 marketing-tracker.babbel.com
+
+# www.aparnaconstructions.com
+0.0.0.0 hspx.hotstar.com
+
+# prepaid.t-mobile.com
+0.0.0.0 lptag.liveperson.net
+
+# www.redbubble.com
+0.0.0.0 analytics-cdn.redbubble.com
+
+# geeknet.me
+0.0.0.0 stats.harbauer.org
+
+# amiunique.org
+0.0.0.0 analytics.amiunique.org
+
+# blockchair.com
+0.0.0.0 stats.blockchair.com
+
+# greenhost.net
+0.0.0.0 livestats.greenhost.nl
+
+# maproulette.org
+0.0.0.0 analytics.maproulette.org
+
+# alexei.pesic.dev
+0.0.0.0 cdn.panelbear.com
+
+# thisstartupdoesnotexist.com
+0.0.0.0 reports.teamemo-solutions.de
+
+# unsplash.com
+0.0.0.0 collector.unsplash.com
+
+# musescore.com
+0.0.0.0 track.musescore.com
+
+# ecmelberk.com
+0.0.0.0 ads.ebc.li
+
+# linuxjournal.com
+0.0.0.0 analytics.linuxjournal.com
+
+# www.fsf.org
+0.0.0.0 piwik.fsf.org
+
+# www.notion.so
+0.0.0.0 analytics.pgncs.notion.so
+
+# netsyms.com
+0.0.0.0 analytics.netsyms.net
+
+# remix.ethereum.org
+0.0.0.0 matomo.ethereum.org
+
+# bazaarvoice.com
+0.0.0.0 analytics-static.ugc.bazaarvoice.com
+0.0.0.0 bv-analytics-js-prod.s3.amazonaws.com
+0.0.0.0 bv-analytics-js-qa.s3.amazonaws.com
+
+# deepl.com
+0.0.0.0 s.deepl.com
+
+# dot.gov.in
+0.0.0.0 analytics.wrc.nic.in
+
+# qz.com
+0.0.0.0 player.mediafuse.com
+0.0.0.0 hb.mediafuse.com
+
+# www.dqindia.com
+0.0.0.0 qt.cyberads.io
+
+# killedbygoogle.com
+0.0.0.0 analytics.bale.media
+
+# tchncs.de
+0.0.0.0 stats.tchncs.de
+
+# usborne.com
+0.0.0.0 tracking.recommend.pro
+
+# proto.school
+0.0.0.0 countly.proto.school
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+{
+    "name": "shady-hosts",
+    "description": "Analytics, ad, and activity monitoring hosts",
+    "homeurl": "https://github.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts",
+    "frequency": "occasionally",
+    "issues": "https://github.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts/issues",
+    "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts/main/hosts",
+    "license": "CC0-1.0"
+}
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
    "description": "How to make the internet not suck (as much).",
    "homeurl": "https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/",
    "frequency": "frequently",
-    "issues": "hosts@someonewhocares.org",
+    "issues": "mailto:hosts@someonewhocares.org",
    "url": "https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts",
    "license": "non-commercial with attribution"
 }
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+@echo off
+
+title Disable DNS Cache Service
+
+:: Check if we are an administrator. If not, exit immediately.
+:: BatchGotAdmin
+:: Check for permissions
+if "%PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE%" equ "amd64" (
+    >nul 2>&1 "%SYSTEMROOT%\SysWOW64\cacls.exe" "%SYSTEMROOT%\SysWOW64\config\system"
+) else (
+    >nul 2>&1 "%SYSTEMROOT%\system32\cacls.exe" "%SYSTEMROOT%\system32\config\system"
+)
+
+:: If the error flag set, we do not have admin rights.
+if %ERRORLEVEL% neq 0 (
+    echo Requesting administrative privileges...
+    goto UACPrompt
+) else (
+    goto gotAdmin
+)
+
+:UACPrompt
+echo Set UAC = CreateObject^("Shell.Application"^) > "%TEMP%\getadmin.vbs"
+set params= %*
+echo UAC.ShellExecute "cmd.exe", "/c ""%~s0"" %params:"=""%", "", "runas", 1 >> "%TEMP%\getadmin.vbs"
+
+wscript.exe "%TEMP%\getadmin.vbs"
+del "%TEMP%\getadmin.vbs"
+exit /b
+
+:gotAdmin
+
+:SCset
+:: VALUE
+:: 2 (Automatic) (DEFAULT)
+:: 4 (Disabled) (to prevent network freeze after applying a huge hosts file)
+::
+:: See https://superuser.com/a/1277960
+::
+reg add "HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\services\Dnscache" /v Start /t REG_DWORD /d 4 /f
+echo Reboot your system now!
+echo.
+pause
@@ -0,0 +1,233 @@
+0.0.0.0 a.videobaba.xyz
+0.0.0.0 amp.xhamster.com
+0.0.0.0 amp.xhamster.desi
+0.0.0.0 amp.xhamster13.desi
+0.0.0.0 amp.xhgeo.com
+0.0.0.0 area51.porn
+0.0.0.0 bestpornfinder.net
+0.0.0.0 bobs-tube.porn
+0.0.0.0 cdn.bonertraffic12.mobi
+0.0.0.0 cdn.freeindianporn2.com
+0.0.0.0 cdn.pakistaniporn2.com
+0.0.0.0 cdn.pornxnxxvideos.com
+0.0.0.0 cdn.rajwap.biz
+0.0.0.0 cdn.redwap2.com
+0.0.0.0 cdn77-vid.xnxx-cdn.com
+0.0.0.0 desipornmms.com
+0.0.0.0 freeindianporn2.com
+0.0.0.0 headstonerinse.com
+0.0.0.0 hentaihaven.co
+0.0.0.0 hentaihaven.com
+0.0.0.0 hentaihaven.icu
+0.0.0.0 hentaihaven.in.net
+0.0.0.0 hentaihaven.io
+0.0.0.0 hentaihaven.vip
+0.0.0.0 hentaiheaven.xyz
+0.0.0.0 hentaiworld.tv
+0.0.0.0 i.xozilla.com
+0.0.0.0 ijavhd.com
+0.0.0.0 justindianporn2.com
+0.0.0.0 mixandfun.com
+0.0.0.0 movie.justindianporn2.com
+0.0.0.0 movies.freeindianporn2.com
+0.0.0.0 mxtube.net
+0.0.0.0 new-porn.video
+0.0.0.0 nhentaihaven.com
+0.0.0.0 nhentaihaven.org
+0.0.0.0 onlyindianporn.me
+0.0.0.0 onlyindianporn.tv
+0.0.0.0 ph.pornfactory.info
+0.0.0.0 ph.xxxindianporn.pro
+0.0.0.0 photo.pornozavr.net
+0.0.0.0 porntubehub.online
+0.0.0.0 rajwap.biz
+0.0.0.0 ringexpressbeach.com
+0.0.0.0 sexdesiporn.pro
+0.0.0.0 sillyflowermachine.com
+0.0.0.0 static.freeindianporn2.com
+0.0.0.0 static.rajwap.biz
+0.0.0.0 static.redwap2.com
+0.0.0.0 static.xv-horezeedipaif.com
+0.0.0.0 video.pornozavr.net
+0.0.0.0 video.redwap2.com
+0.0.0.0 whackaggressive.com
+0.0.0.0 wwtracking.net
+0.0.0.0 www.18pussy.porn
+0.0.0.0 www.18tube.sex
+0.0.0.0 www.asianpornvideo.xxx
+0.0.0.0 www.fuckteen.xxx
+0.0.0.0 www.hdsex.tube
+0.0.0.0 www.hdvideosporn.net
+0.0.0.0 www.hdxxxwatch.com
+0.0.0.0 www.hentaianime.tv
+0.0.0.0 www.hentaiporn.tube
+0.0.0.0 www.hentaisex.tv
+0.0.0.0 www.hentaiworld.tv
+0.0.0.0 www.hentaixxxvids.com
+0.0.0.0 www.hindibfvideo.com
+0.0.0.0 www.hindipornvideos.org
+0.0.0.0 www.hindixxx.club
+0.0.0.0 www.indianbfvideos.com
+0.0.0.0 www.indiansexvideo.xxx
+0.0.0.0 www.milf-porn.xxx
+0.0.0.0 www.mxtube.net
+0.0.0.0 www.nudeclap.com
+0.0.0.0 www.pakistaniporn2.com
+0.0.0.0 www.porn300.net
+0.0.0.0 www.pornfactory.info
+0.0.0.0 www.pornfuck.net
+0.0.0.0 www.pornhat.one
+0.0.0.0 www.pornozavr.net
+0.0.0.0 www.redwap2.com
+0.0.0.0 www.sopornvideos.com
+0.0.0.0 www.teenfuck.win
+0.0.0.0 www.xozilla.com
+0.0.0.0 www.xv-horezeedipaif.com
+0.0.0.0 www.xvideos3.com
+0.0.0.0 www.xxxbule.com
+0.0.0.0 www.xxxhdvideo.mobi
+0.0.0.0 www.xxxxporn.net
+0.0.0.0 www.youteenporn.net
+0.0.0.0 xhgeo.com
+0.0.0.0 xnxx-sex-videos.com
+0.0.0.0 xnxx.wapka.cc
+0.0.0.0 xnxx4porn.com
+0.0.0.0 xxxindianporn.pro
+0.0.0.0 0.oldgyhogola.com
+0.0.0.0 best-porn-clips.com
+0.0.0.0 cdn.freeindiansex.net
+0.0.0.0 comics-porn.info
+0.0.0.0 desipapa.xyz
+0.0.0.0 fatgirlsland.com
+0.0.0.0 footstockings.com
+0.0.0.0 fuqqt.com
+0.0.0.0 images.jav-pics.com
+0.0.0.0 indiansexsagar.yellowplum.netdna-cdn.com
+0.0.0.0 jav-pics.com
+0.0.0.0 javpub.b-cdn.net
+0.0.0.0 javpub.me
+0.0.0.0 m.porn555.com
+0.0.0.0 m.see.xxx
+0.0.0.0 m.thegay.porn
+0.0.0.0 members.indianhiddencams.com
+0.0.0.0 ngiyani.com
+0.0.0.0 pantyhose4you.com
+0.0.0.0 pantyhoseposes.com
+0.0.0.0 porn555.taxispyvideo.com
+0.0.0.0 porn555.teenshomeporn.com
+0.0.0.0 ps0z.com
+0.0.0.0 secure.indianhiddencams.com
+0.0.0.0 seexxx1.roccosiffrediporn.net
+0.0.0.0 seexxx1.ronjeremyporn.net
+0.0.0.0 sexvideospornxxx.com
+0.0.0.0 thegay1.tombyronporn.com
+0.0.0.0 tn.porntop.com
+0.0.0.0 tn.vxxx.com
+0.0.0.0 tns.bangtubevideos.com
+0.0.0.0 tour.indianhiddencams.com
+0.0.0.0 tubejohn.com
+0.0.0.0 video.vxxxcdn.net
+0.0.0.0 www.bangtubevideos.com
+0.0.0.0 www.clips4sale.com
+0.0.0.0 www.freeindiansex.net
+0.0.0.0 www.fullxxxvideos.net
+0.0.0.0 www.goldendesi.com
+0.0.0.0 www.hardcorepost.com
+0.0.0.0 www.indiansexsagar.com
+0.0.0.0 www.japaneseporn.xxx
+0.0.0.0 www.japanporn.tv
+0.0.0.0 www.pornjapanesesex.com
+0.0.0.0 www.pornsos.com
+0.0.0.0 www.sex2021.com
+0.0.0.0 www.sexmotors.com
+0.0.0.0 www.watchdesisex.com
+0.0.0.0 www3.javxxx.me
+0.0.0.0 xxnxx-porn.com
+0.0.0.0 www.redgifs.com
+0.0.0.0 bigindiansex.mobi
+0.0.0.0 cdn.bigindiansex.mobi
+0.0.0.0 cumception.com
+0.0.0.0 desi-xnxx.pro
+0.0.0.0 desi.portomega.ru
+0.0.0.0 desifuck.net
+0.0.0.0 desihdx.com
+0.0.0.0 hot-indian-pussy.com
+0.0.0.0 indiansexuniversity.com
+0.0.0.0 kartavarna.com
+0.0.0.0 m.pornsexer.xxx
+0.0.0.0 moreindian.com
+0.0.0.0 pics.desi-xnxx.pro
+0.0.0.0 pornstars4escort.com
+0.0.0.0 sexsagar.com
+0.0.0.0 sundarikanya.com
+0.0.0.0 teenporno.sexy
+0.0.0.0 www.antarvasnaphotos.com
+0.0.0.0 www.cloudisexy.com
+0.0.0.0 www.cloudydirt.com
+0.0.0.0 www.hot-indian-pussy.com
+0.0.0.0 www.indian-porn.me
+0.0.0.0 www.justindiansex.com
+0.0.0.0 www.mypornarchive.net
+0.0.0.0 www.nccsc.net
+0.0.0.0 www.qqxnxx.com
+0.0.0.0 www.sexpicturespass.com
+0.0.0.0 www.sexy-dreams.com
+0.0.0.0 www.xxxindianvids.com
+0.0.0.0 xxxmovies.party
+0.0.0.0 yourporn18.com
+0.0.0.0 cdn.rapelust.com
+0.0.0.0 rapelust.com
+0.0.0.0 nakedgirls.mobi
+0.0.0.0 1-porn.com
+0.0.0.0 9xlust.in
+0.0.0.0 9xvideo.net
+0.0.0.0 bigtitsmilf.net
+0.0.0.0 cdn.onlyindian.net
+0.0.0.0 cdn.rapelust.com
+0.0.0.0 eroticup.com
+0.0.0.0 es.ancensored.com
+0.0.0.0 evt.mxplay.com
+0.0.0.0 gayforsex.com
+0.0.0.0 heroine-xxx.com
+0.0.0.0 indianporn360.com
+0.0.0.0 indianpornmovies.info
+0.0.0.0 indianxnxxtube.com
+0.0.0.0 indpaedia.com
+0.0.0.0 love4porn.com
+0.0.0.0 masala-desi.com
+0.0.0.0 moviessexscenes.com
+0.0.0.0 p.love4porn.com
+0.0.0.0 rapelust.com
+0.0.0.0 sdk.a79h.cn
+0.0.0.0 thefappeningblog.com
+0.0.0.0 thepornpic.com
+0.0.0.0 www.fuckcelebs.net
+0.0.0.0 www.host4see.com
+0.0.0.0 www.hotzxgirl.com
+0.0.0.0 www.indianporngirl.com
+0.0.0.0 www.justsherlynchopra.com
+0.0.0.0 www.nakedgirls.mobi
+0.0.0.0 www.partycelebs.com
+0.0.0.0 www.sexiezpix.com
+0.0.0.0 www.x4tos.com
+0.0.0.0 xossipfap.net
+0.0.0.0 xossipy.com
+0.0.0.0 xxx.nude.com
+0.0.0.0 yesleaks.com
+0.0.0.0 yespornplease.fun
+0.0.0.0 newsexstory.com
+0.0.0.0 sexualstories.club
+0.0.0.0 www.desikahani2.net
+0.0.0.0 www.desitales2.com
+0.0.0.0 www.freesexkahani.com
+0.0.0.0 www.indiansexstories2.net
+0.0.0.0 www.nonvegstory.com
+0.0.0.0 www.sex4stories.com
+0.0.0.0 www.xxxindianstories.com
+0.0.0.0 www.xxxvasna.com
+0.0.0.0 xxxvasna.disqus.com
+0.0.0.0 alldesitube.pro
+0.0.0.0 indianporntv.net
+0.0.0.0 nightxxxpics.com
+0.0.0.0 wetwetpics.com
+0.0.0.0 www.assxplanet.com
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+{
+    "name": "brijrajparmar27 - pornography",
+    "description": "hosts files for DNS based content blocking",
+    "homeurl": "https://github.com/brijrajparmar27/host-sources",
+    "frequency": "occasional",
+    "issues": "https://github.com/brijrajparmar27/host-sources/issues",
+    "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/brijrajparmar27/host-sources/master/Porn/hosts",
+    "license": "CC BY 4.0"
+}
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
    "homeurl": "https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts",
    "frequency": "occasional",
    "issues": "https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/issues",
-    "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/master/0.0.0.0/hosts",
+    "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/extensions/porn/clefspeare13/hosts",
+    "url.old": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/master/download_here/0.0.0.0/hosts",
    "license": "MIT"
-}
+}
@@ -7,13 +7,20 @@
 127.0.0.1 deathaddict.com
 127.0.0.1 deathandreality.com
 127.0.0.1 gorebrasil.com
+127.0.0.1 goreforum.com
 127.0.0.1 goregrish.com
 127.0.0.1 leakreality.com
 127.0.0.1 theync.com
 127.0.0.1 miscopy.com
 127.0.0.1 mixtape.moe
+127.0.0.1 recipepes.com
 127.0.0.1 sickjunk.com
 127.0.0.1 elblogdelnarco.com
 127.0.0.1 kaotic.com
 127.0.0.1 ogrish.tv
 127.0.0.1 thepinsta.com
+127.0.0.1 vidmax.com
+127.0.0.1 devilpain.com
+127.0.0.1 crazypain.com
+127.0.0.1 sadovids.com
+
@@ -1,8 +1,18 @@
 0.0.0.0 002.pinknotora.net
+0.0.0.0 85tube.com
 0.0.0.0 ac-pink.net
+0.0.0.0 actionjav.com
 0.0.0.0 adult-gazou.me
+0.0.0.0 ancensored.com
 0.0.0.0 antenna.i-like-movie.net
+0.0.0.0 asexon.com
+0.0.0.0 asiamoviepass.com
+0.0.0.0 asianscandal.net
+0.0.0.0 asianstreetmeat.com
 0.0.0.0 av-photograph.com
+0.0.0.0 avcrempie.com
+0.0.0.0 avli.me
+0.0.0.0 avwend.com
 0.0.0.0 azzporn.com
 0.0.0.0 babarooba.x.fc2.com
 0.0.0.0 bakufu.jp
@@ -42,6 +52,7 @@
 0.0.0.0 gfporntube.com
 0.0.0.0 hairytubeporno.com
 0.0.0.0 hakusuiriki.tv
+0.0.0.0 hentaihand.com
 0.0.0.0 hentaipornpics.net
 0.0.0.0 hipup.net
 0.0.0.0 hitozumagazo.com
@@ -53,6 +64,28 @@
 0.0.0.0 idolzone.blog137.fc2.com
 0.0.0.0 inaka.x.fc2.com
 0.0.0.0 jams.kir.jp
+0.0.0.0 japanesefuckers.com
+0.0.0.0 jav.land
+0.0.0.0 javbulk.com
+0.0.0.0 javbuz.com
+0.0.0.0 javengsub.com
+0.0.0.0 javfinder.la
+0.0.0.0 javfree.biz
+0.0.0.0 javhay.net
+0.0.0.0 javhdmovies.com
+0.0.0.0 javhihi.me
+0.0.0.0 javhub.me
+0.0.0.0 javladies.com
+0.0.0.0 javmodel.com
+0.0.0.0 javpedia.org
+0.0.0.0 javpool.com
+0.0.0.0 javrave.club
+0.0.0.0 javsun.net
+0.0.0.0 javupdatedaily.blogspot.com
+0.0.0.0 javwide.tv
+0.0.0.0 javx.cc
+0.0.0.0 javxspot.com
+0.0.0.0 javxxxvideos.com
 0.0.0.0 javynow.com
 0.0.0.0 jitsuroku.kir.jp
 0.0.0.0 jkdaisuki.ad55.net
@@ -60,6 +93,7 @@
 0.0.0.0 live.fc2.com
 0.0.0.0 lolip.org
 0.0.0.0 magopro2.ero-spo.com
+0.0.0.0 manhwa18.com
 0.0.0.0 mankist.com
 0.0.0.0 marrion-av.com
 0.0.0.0 megaporn.blogspot.es
@@ -69,6 +103,7 @@
 0.0.0.0 mutekiya.net
 0.0.0.0 mvideoporno.xxx
 0.0.0.0 nadeshiko.tv
+0.0.0.0 nekopoi.care
 0.0.0.0 newero1.blog.fc2.com
 0.0.0.0 news.tokimeki-s.com
 0.0.0.0 niccori.jp
@@ -98,14 +133,18 @@
 0.0.0.0 sportseye.muvc.net
 0.0.0.0 ssl.ktfactory.co.jp
 0.0.0.0 star-porn.ml
+0.0.0.0 summertimesaga.com
 0.0.0.0 suppinpin.com
 0.0.0.0 surebbs.ranks1.apserver.net
+0.0.0.0 svjav.com
 0.0.0.0 switch1.jp
 0.0.0.0 teatroporno.com
 0.0.0.0 teppan-av.com
 0.0.0.0 top.togeko.net
 0.0.0.0 toujyuku.ranks1.apserver.net
 0.0.0.0 tousatu-douga-youpeeber.com
+0.0.0.0 ukrafoto.com
+0.0.0.0 unjav.com
 0.0.0.0 venus-av.com
 0.0.0.0 veporns.com
 0.0.0.0 vipcle2.com
@@ -281,6 +320,7 @@
 0.0.0.0 www.sexia.tv
 0.0.0.0 www.sexopowiadania.pl
 0.0.0.0 www.shanimuni.net
+0.0.0.0 www.sharesome.com
 0.0.0.0 www.shinoda-av.com
 0.0.0.0 www.shitagi.org
 0.0.0.0 www.shuttle-japan.com
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 # Title: Social media hosts
-# Updated: June 20, 2019
+# Updated: June 27, 2021

 # Google Plus
 #127.0.0.1 plus.l.google.com
@@ -1732,14 +1732,27 @@
 127.0.0.1 zh-tw.facebook.com

 # Instagram
+127.0.0.1 a.ns.cdninstagram.com
 127.0.0.1 api.instagram.com
+127.0.0.1 b.ns.cdninstagram.com
 127.0.0.1 badges.instagram.com
 127.0.0.1 black.ish.instagram.com
 127.0.0.1 business.instagram.com
+127.0.0.1 c.ns.cdninstagram.com	
+127.0.0.1 cdninstagram.com
+127.0.0.1 creative.cdninstagram.com
+127.0.0.1 d.ns.cdninstagram.com
+127.0.0.1 dragon.cdninstagram.com
 127.0.0.1 engineering.instagram.com
+127.0.0.1 external-prg1-1.cdninstagram.com
+127.0.0.1 external-vie1-1.cdninstagram.com
+127.0.0.1 external-waw1-1.cdninstagram.com
+127.0.0.1 external.cdninstagram.com
+127.0.0.1 fundingchoicesmessages.google.com 
 127.0.0.1 help.instagram.com
 127.0.0.1 i.instagram.com
 127.0.0.1 images.instagram.com
+127.0.0.1 instagr.am
 127.0.0.1 instagram-shv-01-ams2.fbcdn.net
 127.0.0.1 instagram-shv-01-ams3.fbcdn.net
 127.0.0.1 instagram-shv-01-ash5.fbcdn.net
@@ -1795,40 +1808,9 @@
 127.0.0.1 instagramstatic-a.akamaihd.net.edgesuite.net
 127.0.0.1 l.instagram.com
 127.0.0.1 logger.instagram.com
-127.0.0.1 platform.instagram.com
-127.0.0.1 scontent-a.cdninstagram.com
-127.0.0.1 scontent-ams3-1.cdninstagram.com
-127.0.0.1 scontent-amt2-1.cdninstagram.com
-127.0.0.1 scontent-arn2-1.cdninstagram.com
-127.0.0.1 scontent-atl3-1.cdninstagram.com
-127.0.0.1 scontent-b.cdninstagram.com
-127.0.0.1 scontent-dft4-1.cdninstagram.com
-127.0.0.1 scontent-dft4-2.cdninstagram.com
-127.0.0.1 scontent-fra3-1.cdninstagram.com
-127.0.0.1 scontent-frt3-1.cdninstagram.com
-127.0.0.1 scontent-frx5-1.cdninstagram.com
-127.0.0.1 scontent-iad3-1.cdninstagram.com
-127.0.0.1 scontent-kul1-1.cdninstagram.com
-127.0.0.1 scontent-mia1-1.cdninstagram.com
-127.0.0.1 scontent-ort2-1.cdninstagram.com
-127.0.0.1 scontent-ort2-2.cdninstagram.com
-127.0.0.1 scontent-sea1-1.cdninstagram.com
-127.0.0.1 scontent-sit4-1.cdninstagram.com
-127.0.0.1 scontent-sjc2-1.cdninstagram.com
-127.0.0.1 scontent-syd2-1.cdninstagram.com
-127.0.0.1 scontent.cdninstagram.com
-127.0.0.1 telegraph-ash.instagram.com
-127.0.0.1 white.ish.instagram.com
-127.0.0.1 www.instagram.com
-127.0.0.1 a.ns.cdninstagram.com
-127.0.0.1 b.ns.cdninstagram.com
-127.0.0.1 c.ns.cdninstagram.com	
-127.0.0.1 creative.cdninstagram.com
-127.0.0.1 d.ns.cdninstagram.com
-127.0.0.1 dragon.cdninstagram.com
-127.0.0.1 external.cdninstagram.com
 127.0.0.1 openvpn.cdninstagram.com
 127.0.0.1 platform.cdninstagram.com
+127.0.0.1 platform.instagram.com
 127.0.0.1 scontent-a-ams.cdninstagram.com
 127.0.0.1 scontent-a-amt.cdninstagram.com
 127.0.0.1 scontent-a-arn.cdninstagram.com
@@ -1904,7 +1886,6 @@
 127.0.0.1 scontent-b-otp.cdninstagram.com
 127.0.0.1 scontent-b-pao.cdninstagram.com
 127.0.0.1 scontent-b-scl.cdninstagram.com
-127.0.0.1 scontent-b-scl.cdninstagram.com
 127.0.0.1 scontent-b-sea.cdninstagram.com
 127.0.0.1 scontent-b-sin.cdninstagram.com
 127.0.0.1 scontent-b-sjc.cdninstagram.com
@@ -2041,11 +2022,18 @@
 127.0.0.1 scontent-zrh1-1.cdninstagram.com
 127.0.0.1 scontent.cdninstagram.com
 127.0.0.1 static.cdninstagram.com
+127.0.0.1 telegraph-ash.instagram.com
 127.0.0.1 video-nrt1-1.cdninstagram.com
 127.0.0.1 video-ort2-1.cdninstagram.com
 127.0.0.1 video-ort2-2.cdninstagram.com
+127.0.0.1 video-prg1-1.cdninstagram.com
+127.0.0.1 video-vie1-1.cdninstagram.com
+127.0.0.1 video-waw1-1.cdninstagram.com
 127.0.0.1 video.cdninstagram.com
+127.0.0.1 white.ish.instagram.com
 127.0.0.1 www.cdninstagram.com
+127.0.0.1 www.instagr.am
+127.0.0.1 www.instagram.com
 127.0.0.1 z-p15-scontent-bru2-1.cdninstagram.com
 127.0.0.1 z-p15-scontent-cdg2-1.cdninstagram.com
 127.0.0.1 z-p15-scontent-cdt1-1.cdninstagram.com
@@ -2125,7 +2113,6 @@
 127.0.0.1 z-p42-scontent.cdninstagram.com
 127.0.0.1 z-p42-static.cdninstagram.com	

-
 # Whatsapp
 127.0.0.1 account.whatsapp.com
 127.0.0.1 alpha.whatsapp.com
@@ -2810,3 +2797,62 @@

 127.0.0.1 pinpages.alwaysdata.net 
 127.0.0.1 allotalk.com
+
+# Tik-Toc
+127.0.0.1 abtest-va-tiktok.byteoversea.com
+127.0.0.1 dm-maliva16.byteoversea.com
+127.0.0.1 dm.bytedance.com
+127.0.0.1 ibytedtos.com
+127.0.0.1 mon-va.byteoversea.com
+127.0.0.1 mon.byteoversea.com
+127.0.0.1 muscdn.com
+127.0.0.1 musical.ly
+127.0.0.1 musically.ly
+127.0.0.1 p16-tiktokcdn-com.akamaized.net
+127.0.0.1 p16.hypstarcdn.com
+127.0.0.1 s16.tiktokcdn.com
+127.0.0.1 sf-tb-sg.ibytedtos.com
+127.0.0.1 sgali3.l.byteoversea.net
+127.0.0.1 tiktok.com
+127.0.0.1 tiktok.org
+127.0.0.1 tiktokcdn-com.akamaized.net
+127.0.0.1 tiktokcdn.com
+127.0.0.1 tiktokv.com
+127.0.0.1 v16-tiktokcdn-com.akamaized.net
+127.0.0.1 verification-va.byteoversea.com
+127.0.0.1 www.tiktok.com
+127.0.0.1 xlog-va.byteoversea.com
+
+# DateMeme
+127.0.0.1 datememe.com
+127.0.0.1 www.datememe.com
+127.0.0.1 admin.datememe.com
+127.0.0.1 blog.datememe.com
+127.0.0.1 bn.datememe.com
+127.0.0.1 c1.datememe.com
+127.0.0.1 c2.datememe.com
+127.0.0.1 c3.datememe.com
+127.0.0.1 de.datememe.com
+127.0.0.1 en.datememe.com
+127.0.0.1 es.datememe.com
+127.0.0.1 fr.datememe.com
+127.0.0.1 hi.datememe.com
+127.0.0.1 id.datememe.com
+127.0.0.1 ja.datememe.com
+127.0.0.1 jv.datememe.com
+127.0.0.1 ko.datememe.com
+127.0.0.1 pt.datememe.com
+127.0.0.1 ru.datememe.com
+127.0.0.1 th.datememe.com
+127.0.0.1 vi.datememe.com
+127.0.0.1 zh-cn.datememe.com
+
+# clubhouse
+127.0.0.1 joinclubhouse.com
+127.0.0.1 www.joinclubhouse.com
+127.0.0.1 welcome.joinclubhouse.com
+127.0.0.1 community.joinclubhouse.com
+127.0.0.1 staging.joinclubhouse.com
+127.0.0.1 admin-staging.joinclubhouse.com
+127.0.0.1 ios.joinclubhouse.com
+127.0.0.1 testflight.joinclubhouse.com
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+{
+  description = "Unified hosts file with base extensions.";
+  inputs.flake-utils.url = "github:numtide/flake-utils";
+  outputs = { self, nixpkgs, flake-utils }: {
+    nixosModule = { config, ... }:
+      with nixpkgs.lib;
+      let
+        cfg = config.networking.stevenBlackHosts;
+        alternatesList = (if cfg.blockFakenews then [ "fakenews" ] else []) ++
+                         (if cfg.blockGambling then [ "gambling" ] else []) ++
+                         (if cfg.blockPorn then [ "porn" ] else []) ++
+                         (if cfg.blockSocial then [ "social" ] else []);
+        alternatesPath = "alternates/" + builtins.concatStringsSep "-" alternatesList + "/";
+      in
+      {
+        options.networking.stevenBlackHosts = {
+          enable = mkEnableOption "Use Steven Black's hosts file as extra hosts.";
+          blockFakenews = mkEnableOption "Additionally block fakenews hosts.";
+          blockGambling = mkEnableOption "Additionally block gambling hosts.";
+          blockPorn = mkEnableOption "Additionally block porn hosts.";
+          blockSocial = mkEnableOption "Additionally block social hosts.";
+        };
+        config = mkIf cfg.enable {
+          networking.extraHosts =
+            builtins.readFile (
+              "${self}/" + (if alternatesList != [] then alternatesPath else "") + "hosts"
+            );
+        };
+      };
+  } // flake-utils.lib.eachDefaultSystem
+    (system:
+      let
+        pkgs = nixpkgs.legacyPackages.${system};
+      in
+      {
+        devShell = pkgs.mkShell {
+          buildInputs = with pkgs; [
+            python3
+            python3Packages.flake8
+            python3Packages.requests
+          ];
+        };
+      }
+    );
+}
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 The MIT License (MIT)

-Copyright © 2020 Steven Black
+Copyright © 2022 Steven Black

 Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
 this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
  "name": "hosts",
-  "version": "2.5.74",
+  "version": "3.9.69",
  "description": "Extending and consolidating hosts files from several well-curated sources like adaway.org, mvps.org, malwaredomainlist.com, someonewhocares.org, and potentially others. You can optionally invoke extensions to block additional sites by category.",
  "main": "",
  "private": true,
@@ -35,6 +35,6 @@
  },
  "homepage": "https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts#readme",
  "devDependencies": {
-    "release-it": "^12.6.3"
+    "release-it": "^14.12.5"
  }
 }
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
----
 **Take Note!**
- This version of the Hosts file generator, and tests, are for Python 3.5+ only.
- With the exception of issues and PRs regarding changes to `hosts/data/StevenBlack/hosts`, all other issues regarding the content of the produced hosts files should be made with the appropriate data source that contributed the content in question. The contact information for all of the data sources can be found in the `hosts/data/` directory.
+
+* With the exception of issues and PRs regarding changes to `hosts/data/StevenBlack/hosts`, all other issues regarding the content of the produced hosts files should be made with the appropriate data source that contributed the content in question. The contact information for all of the data sources can be found in the `hosts/data/` directory.
+
 ----

 ![Logo](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/.github/logo.png)
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 [![license](https://img.shields.io/github/license/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/license.txt)
 [![repo size](https://img.shields.io/github/repo-size/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts)
 [![contributors](https://img.shields.io/github/contributors/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/graphs/contributors)
-[![Build Status](https://img.shields.io/travis/StevenBlack/hosts/master.svg)](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts)
+[![Build Status](https://img.shields.io/github/workflow/status/StevenBlack/hosts/CI/master)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/actions?query=workflow%3ACI+branch%3Amaster)
 [![Code style: black](https://img.shields.io/badge/code%20style-black-000000.svg)](https://github.com/python/black)
 [![commits since last release](https://img.shields.io/github/commits-since/StevenBlack/hosts/latest.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
 [![last commit](https://img.shields.io/github/last-commit/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
@@ -21,37 +21,36 @@
 This repository consolidates several reputable `hosts` files, and merges them
 into a unified hosts file with duplicates removed.  A variety of tailored hosts files are provided.

-* Last updated: **April 07 2020**.
-* Here's the [raw hosts file with base extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) containing 54,456 entries.
+* Last updated: **May 05 2022**.
+* Here's the [raw hosts file with base extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) containing 113,498 entries.
 * Logo by [@Tobaloidee](https://github.com/Tobaloidee).

-
 ## List of all hosts file variants

 This repository offers [15 different host file variants](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates), in addition to the base variant.

 The **Non GitHub mirror** is the link to use for some hosts file managers like
-[Hostsman for Windows](http://www.abelhadigital.com/hostsman/) that don't work
+[Hostsman for Windows](https://www.abelhadigital.com/hostsman/) that don't work
 with GitHub download links.

 Host file recipe | Readme | Raw hosts | Unique domains | Non GitHub mirror
 ---------------- |:------:|:---------:|:--------------:|:-------------:
-Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 54,456 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 55,398 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 56,777 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 71,261 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 57,207 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 57,719 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 72,203 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 58,149 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 73,582 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 59,528 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 74,011 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 74,524 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 60,470 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 74,953 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 76,332 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 77,274 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 113,498 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 115,693 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 116,036 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 156,450 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 116,313 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 118,231 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 158,644 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 118,508 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 158,988 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 118,851 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 159,264 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 161,183 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 121,046 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 161,458 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 161,802 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 163,997 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)


 **Expectation**: These unified hosts files should serve all devices, regardless
@@ -65,22 +64,24 @@ included:
 Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License | Issues
 -----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:----------------:|:-------:|:------:
 Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues)
-Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone' | [issues](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/contact.php)
-add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-hostsVN | Hosts block ads of Vietnamese |[link](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/master/option/hosts-VN) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/issues)
-add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org/) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution | [issues](hosts@someonewhocares.org)
-MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com)
-yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org)
+AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | frequently | CC BY 3.0 | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/issues)
+add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](https://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+AdguardTeam cname trackers | CNAME-cloaked tracking abuses. |[link](https://github.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers/master/combined_disguised_trackers_justdomains.txt) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/AdguardTeam/cname-trackers/issues)
 Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/issues)
-URLHaus | A project from [abuse.ch](https://abuse.ch/) with the goal of sharing malicious URLs. |[link](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/) | [raw](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/downloads/hostfile/) | weekly | CC0 | [issues](mailto:cosntacptamem@abuse.ch)
-UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
-KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://kadantiscam.netlify.com/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/master/KADhosts_without_controversies.txt) | frequently | CC BY-SA 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/issues)
-AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0 | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/AdAway/issues)
-add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+hostsVN | Hosts block ads of Vietnamese |[link](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/master/option/hosts-VN) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/bigdargon/hostsVN/issues)
+KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://kadantiscam.netlify.app/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | CC BY-SA 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/PolishFiltersTeam/KADhosts/issues)
+MetaMask eth-phishing-detect | Phishing domains targeting Ethereum users. |[link](https://github.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect/master/src/hosts.txt) | frequent | DON'T BE A DICK PUBLIC LICENSE | [issues](https://github.com/MetaMask/eth-phishing-detect/issues)
+minecraft-hosts | Minecraft related tracker hosts |[link](https://github.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts/master/lists/tracking.txt) | occasionally | CC0-1.0 | [issues](https://github.com/jamiemansfield/minecraft-hosts/issues)
+MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](https://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](https://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com)
+shady-hosts | Analytics, ad, and activity monitoring hosts |[link](https://github.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts/main/hosts) | occasionally | CC0-1.0 | [issues](https://github.com/shreyasminocha/shady-hosts/issues)
+Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org/) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution | [issues](mailto:hosts@someonewhocares.org)
 Tiuxo hostlist - ads | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/ads) | occasional | CC BY 4.0 | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues)
-
+UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally | MIT | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues)
+URLHaus | A project from [abuse.ch](https://abuse.ch/) with the goal of sharing malicious URLs. |[link](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/) | [raw](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/downloads/hostfile/) | weekly | CC0 | [issues](mailto:contactme@abuse.ch)
+yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org)


 ## Extensions
@@ -94,7 +95,28 @@ folder tree, where you will find the data for `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`,

 ## Generate your own unified hosts file

-To generate your own unified hosts file you will need Python 3.5 or later.
+You have two options to generate your own hosts file.  You can do it in your own environment, or within a Docker container.  We'll cover Docker first because it's a short section.
+
+### Option 1: Generate in a Docker container
+
+We provide a [Dockerfile](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/Dockerfile) that you can use to create a Docker container with everything you need.
+The container will contain Python 3 and all its dependency requirements, and a copy of the latest version of this repository.
+
+Build the Docker container like this:
+
+```sh
+docker build ./
+```
+
+Access the terminal like this:
+
+```sh
+docker run -it (containerid) bash
+```
+
+### Option 2: Generate it in your own environment
+
+To generate your own amalgamated hosts files you will need Python 3.6 or later.

 First, install the dependencies with:

@@ -104,7 +126,9 @@ pip3 install --user -r requirements.txt

 **Note** we recommend the `--user` flag which installs the required dependencies at the user level. More information about it can be found on pip [documentation](https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip_install/?highlight=--user#cmdoption-user).

-To run unit tests, in the top-level directory, run:
+### Common steps regardless of your development environment
+
+To **run unit tests**, in the top-level directory, run:

 ```sh
 python3 testUpdateHostsFile.py
@@ -115,15 +139,11 @@ local `data/` subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch upd
 (from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each source's folder). Otherwise, it
 will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

-### Usage
-
-#### Using Python 3:
-
 ```sh
 python3 updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]
 ```

-#### Command line options:
+#### Command line options

 `--help`, or `-h`: display help.

@@ -163,6 +183,11 @@ in a subfolder.  If the subfolder does not exist, it will be created.
 section at the top, containing lines like `127.0.0.1 localhost`.  This is
 useful for configuring proximate DNS services on the local network.

+`--nogendata`, or `-g`: `false` (default) or `true`, skip the generation of the
+readmeData.json file used for generating readme.md files.  This is useful if you are
+generating host files with additional whitelists or blacklists and want to keep your
+local checkout of this repo unmodified.
+
 `--compress`, or `-c`: `false` (default) or `true`, *Compress* the hosts file
 ignoring non-necessary lines (empty lines and comments) and putting multiple
 domains in each line. Reducing the number of lines of the hosts file improves
@@ -173,6 +198,12 @@ each domain on a separate line. This is necessary because many implementations
 of URL blockers that rely on `hosts` files do not conform to the standard which
 allows multiple hosts on a single line.

+`--blacklist <blacklistfile>`, or `-x <blacklistfile>`: Append the given blacklist file
+in hosts format to the generated hosts file.
+
+`--whitelist <whitelistfile>`, or `-w <whitelistfile>`: Use the given whitelist file
+to remove hosts from the generated hosts file.
+
 ## How do I control which sources are unified?

 Add one or more *additional* sources, each in a subfolder of the `data/`
@@ -219,8 +250,7 @@ If you discover sketchy domains you feel should be included here, here are some

 The best way to get new domains included is to submit an issue to any of the data providers whose home pages are [listed here](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts#sources-of-hosts-data-unified-in-this-variant). This is best because once you submit new domains, they will be curated and updated by the dedicated folks who maintain these sources.

-
-### Option 2: add your domains to Steven Black's personal data file
+### Option 2: Fork this repository, add your domains to Steven Black's personal data file, and submit a pull request

 Fork this hosts this repo and add your links to [https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts).

@@ -232,7 +262,6 @@ Then, submit a pull request.

 If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existence of your repo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.

-
 ## What is a hosts file?

 A hosts file, named `hosts` (with no file extension), is a plain-text file
@@ -271,22 +300,69 @@ interfere with a web server that may be running on the local PC.

 We tried that.  Using `0` doesn't work universally.

-
 ## Location of your hosts file

 To modify your current `hosts` file, look for it in the following places and modify it with a text
 editor.

-**macOS (until 10.14.x macOS Mojave), iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.
-
-**macOS Catalina:** `/private/etc/hosts` file.
-
-**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.
+* **macOS (until 10.14.x macOS Mojave), iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.
+* **macOS Catalina:** `/private/etc/hosts` file.
+* **Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.

 ## Gentoo

 Gentoo users may find [`sb-hosts`](https://github.com/PF4Public/gentoo-overlay/tree/master/net-misc/sb-hosts) in [::pf4public](https://github.com/PF4Public/gentoo-overlay) Gentoo overlay

+## NixOS
+
+To install hosts file on your machine add the following into your `configuration.nix`:
+
+```nix
+{
+  networking.extraHosts = let
+    hostsPath = https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts;
+    hostsFile = builtins.fetchurl hostsPath;
+  in builtins.readFile "${hostsFile}";
+}
+```
+
+* NOTE: Change `hostsPath` if you need other versions of hosts file.
+* NOTE: The call to `fetchurl` is impure.
+Use `fetchFromGitHub` with the exact commit if you want to always get the same result.
+
+### Nix Flake
+
+NixOS installations which are managed through *flakes* can use the hosts file like this:
+
+```nix
+{
+  inputs.hosts.url = github:StevenBlack/hosts;
+  outputs = { self, nixpkgs, hosts }: {
+    nixosConfigurations.my-hostname = {
+      system = "<architecture>";
+      modules = [
+        hosts.nixosModule {
+          networking.stevenBlackHosts.enable = true;
+        }
+      ];
+    };
+  };
+}
+```
+
+The hosts extensions are also available with the following options:
+
+```nix
+{
+  networking.stevenBlackHosts = {
+    blockFakenews = true;
+    blockGambling = true;
+    blockPorn = true;
+    blockSocial = true;
+  };
+}
+```
+
 ## Updating hosts file on Windows

 (NOTE: See also some third-party Hosts managers, listed below.)
@@ -305,26 +381,27 @@ saying that for this to work, you must be connected to the internet.

 To open a command prompt as administrator in the repository's directory, do the following:

-**Windows XP**: Start → Run → `cmd`
-
-**Windows Vista, 7**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
-
-**Windows 8**: Start → Swipe Up → All Apps → Windows System → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
-
-**Windows 10**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows XP**: Start → Run → `cmd`
+* **Windows Vista, 7**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows 8**: Start → Swipe Up → All Apps → Windows System → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows 10**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"

 You can also refer to the "Third-Party Hosts Managers" section for further recommended solutions from third parties.

+### Warning: Using this `hosts` file in Windows may require disabling DNS Cache service
+
+Windows has issues with larger hosts files. Recent changes in security within Windows 10 denies
+access to changing services via other tools except registry hacks. Use the `disable-dnscache-service-win.cmd`
+file to make proper changes to the Windows registry. You will need to reboot your device once that's done.
+See the [the comments within the `cmd` file](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/disable-dnscache-service-win.cmd)
+for more details.
+
 ## Reloading hosts file

 Your operating system will cache DNS lookups. You can either reboot or run the following commands to
 manually flush your DNS cache once the new hosts file is in place.

-| The Google Chrome browser may require manually cleaning up its DNS Cache on `chrome://net-internals/#dns` page to thereafter see the changes in your hosts file. See: <https://superuser.com/questions/723703>
-:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+The Google Chrome browser may require manually cleaning up its DNS Cache on `chrome://net-internals/#dns` page to thereafter see the changes in your hosts file. See: <https://superuser.com/questions/723703>

 ### Windows

@@ -334,47 +411,34 @@ Open a command prompt with administrator privileges and run this command:
 ipconfig /flushdns
 ```

-Before flushing the DNS cache, open a command prompt with administrator privileges and run this command:
-
-```bat
-sc config "Dnscache" start=disabled
-sc stop "Dnscache"
-```
-
 ### Linux

 Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

-**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+* **Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+* **Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`
+* **Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`
+* **Fedora Linux**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+* **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Network Manager**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+* **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`
+* **RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
+* **FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`

-**Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`
+  To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:

-**Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`
+  ```sh
+  sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
+  sudo service nscd start
+  ```

-**Fedora Linux**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+  Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:

-**Arch Linux/Manjaro with Network Manager**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+  ```text
+  hosts: cache files dns
+  ```

-**Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`
-
-**RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
-
-**FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`
-
-To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:
-
-```sh
-sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
-sudo service nscd start
-```
-
-Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:
-
-```text
-hosts: cache files dns
-```
-
-**Others**: Consult [this Wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).
+* **NixOS**: The `nscd.service` is automatically restarted when the option `networking.extraHosts` was changed.
+* **Others**: Consult [this Wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).

 ### macOS

@@ -396,11 +460,8 @@ This is why the [package.json](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/
 The goals of this repo are to:

 1. automatically combine high-quality lists of hosts,
-
 2. provide situation-appropriate extensions,
-
 3. de-dupe the resultant combined list,
-
 4. and keep the resultant file reasonably sized.

 A high-quality source is defined here as one that is actively curated.  A
@@ -414,26 +475,24 @@ devices under a variety of operating systems.
 ## Third-Party Hosts Managers

 * [Unified Hosts AutoUpdate](https://github.com/ScriptTiger/Unified-Hosts-AutoUpdate "Unified Hosts AutoUpdate") (for Windows): The Unified Hosts AutoUpdate package is purpose-built for this unified hosts project as well as in active development by community members. You can install and uninstall any blacklist and keep it automatically up to date, and can be placed in a shared network location and deployed across an organization via group policies. And since it is in active development by community members, your bug reports, feature requests, and other feedback are most welcome.
-
 * [ViHoMa](https://github.com/cmabad/ViHoMa) is a Visual Hosts file Manager, written in Java, by Christian Martínez.  Check it out!

 ## Interesting Applications

+* [Hosts-BL](https://github.com/ScriptTiger/Hosts-BL "Hosts-BL") is a simple tool to handle hosts file black lists. It can remove comments, remove duplicates, compress to 9 domains per line, add IPv6 entries. In addition, it can also convert black lists to multiple other black list formats compatible with other software, such as dnsmasq, DualServer, RPZ, Privoxy, and Unbound, to name a few.
+* [Host Minder](https://github.com/jeremehancock/hostminder#readme) is a simple GUI that allows you to easily update your /etc/hosts file to one of four consolidated hosts files from StevenBlack/hosts. It is provided as a deb package and comes pre-installed on [UbuntuCE](https://ubuntuce.com/).
+* [Maza ad blocking](https://github.com/tanrax/maza-ad-blocking) is a bash script that automatically updates host file. You can also update a fresh copy. And each time it generates a dnsmasq-compatible configuration file. Fast installation, compatible with MacOS, Linux and BSD.
 * [Hostile](https://github.com/feross/hostile) is a nifty command line utility to easily add or remove domains from your hosts file.  If our hosts files are too aggressive for you, you can use `hostile` to remove domains, or you can use `hostile` in a bash script to automate a post process each time you download fresh versions of hosts.
-
-* [macOS Scripting for Configuration, Backup and Restore](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config) helps customizing, re-installing and using macOS. It also provides a [script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/hosts_file_generator.sh) to install and update the hosts file using this project on macOS. In combination with a [launchd](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/com.hostsfile.install_update.plist) it updates the hosts file every x days (default is 4). To install both download the GitHub repo and run the [install script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/install_hosts_file_generator_and_launchdservice.sh) from the directory one level up.
-
-* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources. This is a very interesting project to set up yourself, or you can [buy one pre-loaded](https://uk.pi-supply.com/products/pi-hole-poe-edition-the-network-wide-ad-blocker).
-
+* [macOS Scripting for Configuration, Backup and Restore](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config) helps customizing, re-installing and using macOS. It also provides a [script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/hosts_file_generator.sh) to install and update the hosts file using this project on macOS. In combination with a [launchd](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/com.hostsfile.install_update.plist) it updates the hosts file every x days (default is 4). To install both, download the GitHub repo and run the [install script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/install_hosts_file_generator_and_launchdservice.sh) from the directory one level up.
+* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources.
 * [Block ads and malware via local BIND9 DNS server](https://github.com/mueller-ma/block-ads-via-dns "Block ads and malware via local DNS server") (for Debian, Raspbian & Ubuntu): Set up a local DNS server with a `/etc/bind/named.conf.blocked` file, sourced from here.
-
 * [Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server](https://scripttiger.github.io/dualserver/ "Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server") (for BSD, Windows & Linux): Set up a blacklist for everyone on your network using the power of the unified hosts reformatted for DualServer. And if you're on Windows, this project also maintains an update script to make updating DualServer's blacklist even easier.
-
 * [Blocking ads and malwares with unbound](https://deadc0de.re/articles/unbound-blocking-ads.html "Blocking ads and malwares with unbound") – [Unbound](https://www.unbound.net/ "Unbound is a validating, recursive, and caching DNS resolver.") is a validating, recursive, and caching DNS resolver.
+* [dnsmasq conversion script](https://gist.github.com/erlepereira/c11f4f7a3f60cd2071e79018e895fc8a#file-dnsmasq-antimalware) This GitHub gist has a short shell script (bash, will work on any 'nix) and uses `wget` & `awk` present in most distros, to fetch a specified hosts file and convert it to the format required by dnsmasq. Supports IPv4 and IPv6. Designed to be used as either a shell script, or can be dropped into `/etc/cron.weekly` (or wherever suits). The script is short and easily edited, also has a short document attached with notes on dnsmasq setup.
+* [BlackHosts - Command Line Installer/Updater](https://github.com/Lateralus138/blackhosts) This is a cross-platform command line utility to help install/update hosts files found at this repository.
+* [dnscrypt-proxy](https://github.com/DNSCrypt/dnscrypt-proxy/wiki/Combining-Blocklists) provides a tool to build block lists from local and remote lists in common formats.

-* [dnsmasq conversion script](https://gist.github.com/erlepereira/c11f4f7a3f60cd2071e79018e895fc8a#file-dnsmasq-antimalware) This GitHub gist has a short shell script (bash, will work on any 'nix) and uses `wget` & `awk` present in most distros, to fetch a specified hosts file and convert it the format required by dnsmasq. Supports IPv4 and IPv6. Designed to be used as either a shell script, or can be dropped into /etc/cron.weekly (or wherever suits). The script is short and easily edited, also has a short document attached with notes on dnsmasq setup.
-
-## Contribute!
+## Contribute

 Please read our [Contributing Guide](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/contributing.md). Among other things, this explains how we organize files and folders in this repository.

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
----
 **Take Note!**
- This version of the Hosts file generator, and tests, are for Python 3.5+ only.
- With the exception of issues and PRs regarding changes to `hosts/data/StevenBlack/hosts`, all other issues regarding the content of the produced hosts files should be made with the appropriate data source that contributed the content in question. The contact information for all of the data sources can be found in the `hosts/data/` directory.
+
+* With the exception of issues and PRs regarding changes to `hosts/data/StevenBlack/hosts`, all other issues regarding the content of the produced hosts files should be made with the appropriate data source that contributed the content in question. The contact information for all of the data sources can be found in the `hosts/data/` directory.
+
 ----

 ![Logo](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/.github/logo.png)
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 [![license](https://img.shields.io/github/license/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/license.txt)
 [![repo size](https://img.shields.io/github/repo-size/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts)
 [![contributors](https://img.shields.io/github/contributors/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/graphs/contributors)
-[![Build Status](https://img.shields.io/travis/StevenBlack/hosts/master.svg)](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts)
+[![Build Status](https://img.shields.io/github/workflow/status/StevenBlack/hosts/CI/master)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/actions?query=workflow%3ACI+branch%3Amaster)
 [![Code style: black](https://img.shields.io/badge/code%20style-black-000000.svg)](https://github.com/python/black)
 [![commits since last release](https://img.shields.io/github/commits-since/StevenBlack/hosts/latest.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
 [![last commit](https://img.shields.io/github/last-commit/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
@@ -25,13 +25,12 @@ into a unified hosts file with duplicates removed.  A variety of tailored hosts
 * Here's the [raw hosts file @EXTENSIONS_HEADER@](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/@SUBFOLDER@hosts) containing @NUM_ENTRIES@ entries.
 * Logo by [@Tobaloidee](https://github.com/Tobaloidee).

-
 ## List of all hosts file variants

 This repository offers [15 different host file variants](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates), in addition to the base variant.

 The **Non GitHub mirror** is the link to use for some hosts file managers like
-[Hostsman for Windows](http://www.abelhadigital.com/hostsman/) that don't work
+[Hostsman for Windows](https://www.abelhadigital.com/hostsman/) that don't work
 with GitHub download links.

 Host file recipe | Readme | Raw hosts | Unique domains | Non GitHub mirror
@@ -50,7 +49,6 @@ Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | Lice
 -----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:----------------:|:-------:|:------:
@SOURCEROWS@

-
 ## Extensions

 The unified hosts file is optionally extensible.  Extensions are used to include domains by category.  Currently, we offer the following categories: `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn`.
@@ -62,7 +60,28 @@ folder tree, where you will find the data for `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`,

 ## Generate your own unified hosts file

-To generate your own unified hosts file you will need Python 3.5 or later.
+You have two options to generate your own hosts file.  You can do it in your own environment, or within a Docker container.  We'll cover Docker first because it's a short section.
+
+### Option 1: Generate in a Docker container
+
+We provide a [Dockerfile](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/Dockerfile) that you can use to create a Docker container with everything you need.
+The container will contain Python 3 and all its dependency requirements, and a copy of the latest version of this repository.
+
+Build the Docker container like this:
+
+```sh
+docker build ./
+```
+
+Access the terminal like this:
+
+```sh
+docker run -it (containerid) bash
+```
+
+### Option 2: Generate it in your own environment
+
+To generate your own amalgamated hosts files you will need Python 3.6 or later.

 First, install the dependencies with:

@@ -72,7 +91,9 @@ pip3 install --user -r requirements.txt

 **Note** we recommend the `--user` flag which installs the required dependencies at the user level. More information about it can be found on pip [documentation](https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip_install/?highlight=--user#cmdoption-user).

-To run unit tests, in the top-level directory, run:
+### Common steps regardless of your development environment
+
+To **run unit tests**, in the top-level directory, run:

 ```sh
 python3 testUpdateHostsFile.py
@@ -83,15 +104,11 @@ local `data/` subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch upd
 (from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each source's folder). Otherwise, it
 will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

-### Usage
-
-#### Using Python 3:
-
 ```sh
 python3 updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]
 ```

-#### Command line options:
+#### Command line options

 `--help`, or `-h`: display help.

@@ -131,6 +148,11 @@ in a subfolder.  If the subfolder does not exist, it will be created.
 section at the top, containing lines like `127.0.0.1 localhost`.  This is
 useful for configuring proximate DNS services on the local network.

+`--nogendata`, or `-g`: `false` (default) or `true`, skip the generation of the
+readmeData.json file used for generating readme.md files.  This is useful if you are
+generating host files with additional whitelists or blacklists and want to keep your
+local checkout of this repo unmodified.
+
 `--compress`, or `-c`: `false` (default) or `true`, *Compress* the hosts file
 ignoring non-necessary lines (empty lines and comments) and putting multiple
 domains in each line. Reducing the number of lines of the hosts file improves
@@ -141,6 +163,12 @@ each domain on a separate line. This is necessary because many implementations
 of URL blockers that rely on `hosts` files do not conform to the standard which
 allows multiple hosts on a single line.

+`--blacklist <blacklistfile>`, or `-x <blacklistfile>`: Append the given blacklist file
+in hosts format to the generated hosts file.
+
+`--whitelist <whitelistfile>`, or `-w <whitelistfile>`: Use the given whitelist file
+to remove hosts from the generated hosts file.
+
 ## How do I control which sources are unified?

 Add one or more *additional* sources, each in a subfolder of the `data/`
@@ -187,8 +215,7 @@ If you discover sketchy domains you feel should be included here, here are some

 The best way to get new domains included is to submit an issue to any of the data providers whose home pages are [listed here](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts#sources-of-hosts-data-unified-in-this-variant). This is best because once you submit new domains, they will be curated and updated by the dedicated folks who maintain these sources.

-
-### Option 2: add your domains to Steven Black's personal data file
+### Option 2: Fork this repository, add your domains to Steven Black's personal data file, and submit a pull request

 Fork this hosts this repo and add your links to [https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts).

@@ -200,7 +227,6 @@ Then, submit a pull request.

 If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existence of your repo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.

-
 ## What is a hosts file?

 A hosts file, named `hosts` (with no file extension), is a plain-text file
@@ -239,22 +265,69 @@ interfere with a web server that may be running on the local PC.

 We tried that.  Using `0` doesn't work universally.

-
 ## Location of your hosts file

 To modify your current `hosts` file, look for it in the following places and modify it with a text
 editor.

-**macOS (until 10.14.x macOS Mojave), iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.
-
-**macOS Catalina:** `/private/etc/hosts` file.
-
-**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.
+* **macOS (until 10.14.x macOS Mojave), iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.
+* **macOS Catalina:** `/private/etc/hosts` file.
+* **Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.

 ## Gentoo

 Gentoo users may find [`sb-hosts`](https://github.com/PF4Public/gentoo-overlay/tree/master/net-misc/sb-hosts) in [::pf4public](https://github.com/PF4Public/gentoo-overlay) Gentoo overlay

+## NixOS
+
+To install hosts file on your machine add the following into your `configuration.nix`:
+
+```nix
+{
+  networking.extraHosts = let
+    hostsPath = https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts;
+    hostsFile = builtins.fetchurl hostsPath;
+  in builtins.readFile "${hostsFile}";
+}
+```
+
+* NOTE: Change `hostsPath` if you need other versions of hosts file.
+* NOTE: The call to `fetchurl` is impure.
+Use `fetchFromGitHub` with the exact commit if you want to always get the same result.
+
+### Nix Flake
+
+NixOS installations which are managed through *flakes* can use the hosts file like this:
+
+```nix
+{
+  inputs.hosts.url = github:StevenBlack/hosts;
+  outputs = { self, nixpkgs, hosts }: {
+    nixosConfigurations.my-hostname = {
+      system = "<architecture>";
+      modules = [
+        hosts.nixosModule {
+          networking.stevenBlackHosts.enable = true;
+        }
+      ];
+    };
+  };
+}
+```
+
+The hosts extensions are also available with the following options:
+
+```nix
+{
+  networking.stevenBlackHosts = {
+    blockFakenews = true;
+    blockGambling = true;
+    blockPorn = true;
+    blockSocial = true;
+  };
+}
+```
+
 ## Updating hosts file on Windows

 (NOTE: See also some third-party Hosts managers, listed below.)
@@ -273,26 +346,27 @@ saying that for this to work, you must be connected to the internet.

 To open a command prompt as administrator in the repository's directory, do the following:

-**Windows XP**: Start → Run → `cmd`
-
-**Windows Vista, 7**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
-
-**Windows 8**: Start → Swipe Up → All Apps → Windows System → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
-
-**Windows 10**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt →
-"Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows XP**: Start → Run → `cmd`
+* **Windows Vista, 7**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows 8**: Start → Swipe Up → All Apps → Windows System → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"
+* **Windows 10**: Start Button → type `cmd` → right-click Command Prompt → "Run as Administrator"

 You can also refer to the "Third-Party Hosts Managers" section for further recommended solutions from third parties.

+### Warning: Using this `hosts` file in Windows may require disabling DNS Cache service
+
+Windows has issues with larger hosts files. Recent changes in security within Windows 10 denies
+access to changing services via other tools except registry hacks. Use the `disable-dnscache-service-win.cmd`
+file to make proper changes to the Windows registry. You will need to reboot your device once that's done.
+See the [the comments within the `cmd` file](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/disable-dnscache-service-win.cmd)
+for more details.
+
 ## Reloading hosts file

 Your operating system will cache DNS lookups. You can either reboot or run the following commands to
 manually flush your DNS cache once the new hosts file is in place.

-| The Google Chrome browser may require manually cleaning up its DNS Cache on `chrome://net-internals/#dns` page to thereafter see the changes in your hosts file. See: <https://superuser.com/questions/723703>
-:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+The Google Chrome browser may require manually cleaning up its DNS Cache on `chrome://net-internals/#dns` page to thereafter see the changes in your hosts file. See: <https://superuser.com/questions/723703>

 ### Windows

@@ -302,47 +376,34 @@ Open a command prompt with administrator privileges and run this command:
 ipconfig /flushdns
 ```

-Before flushing the DNS cache, open a command prompt with administrator privileges and run this command:
-
-```bat
-sc config "Dnscache" start=disabled
-sc stop "Dnscache"
-```
-
 ### Linux

 Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

-**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+* **Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+* **Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`
+* **Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`
+* **Fedora Linux**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+* **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Network Manager**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+* **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`
+* **RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
+* **FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`

-**Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`
+  To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:

-**Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`
+  ```sh
+  sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
+  sudo service nscd start
+  ```

-**Fedora Linux**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+  Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:

-**Arch Linux/Manjaro with Network Manager**: `sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service`
+  ```text
+  hosts: cache files dns
+  ```

-**Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`
-
-**RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
-
-**FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`
-
-To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:
-
-```sh
-sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
-sudo service nscd start
-```
-
-Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:
-
-```text
-hosts: cache files dns
-```
-
-**Others**: Consult [this Wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).
+* **NixOS**: The `nscd.service` is automatically restarted when the option `networking.extraHosts` was changed.
+* **Others**: Consult [this Wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).

 ### macOS

@@ -364,11 +425,8 @@ This is why the [package.json](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/
 The goals of this repo are to:

 1. automatically combine high-quality lists of hosts,
-
 2. provide situation-appropriate extensions,
-
 3. de-dupe the resultant combined list,
-
 4. and keep the resultant file reasonably sized.

 A high-quality source is defined here as one that is actively curated.  A
@@ -382,26 +440,24 @@ devices under a variety of operating systems.
 ## Third-Party Hosts Managers

 * [Unified Hosts AutoUpdate](https://github.com/ScriptTiger/Unified-Hosts-AutoUpdate "Unified Hosts AutoUpdate") (for Windows): The Unified Hosts AutoUpdate package is purpose-built for this unified hosts project as well as in active development by community members. You can install and uninstall any blacklist and keep it automatically up to date, and can be placed in a shared network location and deployed across an organization via group policies. And since it is in active development by community members, your bug reports, feature requests, and other feedback are most welcome.
-
 * [ViHoMa](https://github.com/cmabad/ViHoMa) is a Visual Hosts file Manager, written in Java, by Christian Martínez.  Check it out!

 ## Interesting Applications

+* [Hosts-BL](https://github.com/ScriptTiger/Hosts-BL "Hosts-BL") is a simple tool to handle hosts file black lists. It can remove comments, remove duplicates, compress to 9 domains per line, add IPv6 entries. In addition, it can also convert black lists to multiple other black list formats compatible with other software, such as dnsmasq, DualServer, RPZ, Privoxy, and Unbound, to name a few.
+* [Host Minder](https://github.com/jeremehancock/hostminder#readme) is a simple GUI that allows you to easily update your /etc/hosts file to one of four consolidated hosts files from StevenBlack/hosts. It is provided as a deb package and comes pre-installed on [UbuntuCE](https://ubuntuce.com/).
+* [Maza ad blocking](https://github.com/tanrax/maza-ad-blocking) is a bash script that automatically updates host file. You can also update a fresh copy. And each time it generates a dnsmasq-compatible configuration file. Fast installation, compatible with MacOS, Linux and BSD.
 * [Hostile](https://github.com/feross/hostile) is a nifty command line utility to easily add or remove domains from your hosts file.  If our hosts files are too aggressive for you, you can use `hostile` to remove domains, or you can use `hostile` in a bash script to automate a post process each time you download fresh versions of hosts.
-
-* [macOS Scripting for Configuration, Backup and Restore](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config) helps customizing, re-installing and using macOS. It also provides a [script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/hosts_file_generator.sh) to install and update the hosts file using this project on macOS. In combination with a [launchd](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/com.hostsfile.install_update.plist) it updates the hosts file every x days (default is 4). To install both download the GitHub repo and run the [install script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/install_hosts_file_generator_and_launchdservice.sh) from the directory one level up.
-
-* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources. This is a very interesting project to set up yourself, or you can [buy one pre-loaded](https://uk.pi-supply.com/products/pi-hole-poe-edition-the-network-wide-ad-blocker).
-
+* [macOS Scripting for Configuration, Backup and Restore](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config) helps customizing, re-installing and using macOS. It also provides a [script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/hosts_file_generator.sh) to install and update the hosts file using this project on macOS. In combination with a [launchd](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/launchd_and_script/com.hostsfile.install_update.plist) it updates the hosts file every x days (default is 4). To install both, download the GitHub repo and run the [install script](https://github.com/tiiiecherle/osx_install_config/blob/master/09_launchd/9b_run_on_boot/root/1_hosts_file/install_hosts_file_generator_and_launchdservice.sh) from the directory one level up.
+* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources.
 * [Block ads and malware via local BIND9 DNS server](https://github.com/mueller-ma/block-ads-via-dns "Block ads and malware via local DNS server") (for Debian, Raspbian & Ubuntu): Set up a local DNS server with a `/etc/bind/named.conf.blocked` file, sourced from here.
-
 * [Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server](https://scripttiger.github.io/dualserver/ "Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server") (for BSD, Windows & Linux): Set up a blacklist for everyone on your network using the power of the unified hosts reformatted for DualServer. And if you're on Windows, this project also maintains an update script to make updating DualServer's blacklist even easier.
-
 * [Blocking ads and malwares with unbound](https://deadc0de.re/articles/unbound-blocking-ads.html "Blocking ads and malwares with unbound") – [Unbound](https://www.unbound.net/ "Unbound is a validating, recursive, and caching DNS resolver.") is a validating, recursive, and caching DNS resolver.
+* [dnsmasq conversion script](https://gist.github.com/erlepereira/c11f4f7a3f60cd2071e79018e895fc8a#file-dnsmasq-antimalware) This GitHub gist has a short shell script (bash, will work on any 'nix) and uses `wget` & `awk` present in most distros, to fetch a specified hosts file and convert it to the format required by dnsmasq. Supports IPv4 and IPv6. Designed to be used as either a shell script, or can be dropped into `/etc/cron.weekly` (or wherever suits). The script is short and easily edited, also has a short document attached with notes on dnsmasq setup.
+* [BlackHosts - Command Line Installer/Updater](https://github.com/Lateralus138/blackhosts) This is a cross-platform command line utility to help install/update hosts files found at this repository.
+* [dnscrypt-proxy](https://github.com/DNSCrypt/dnscrypt-proxy/wiki/Combining-Blocklists) provides a tool to build block lists from local and remote lists in common formats.

-* [dnsmasq conversion script](https://gist.github.com/erlepereira/c11f4f7a3f60cd2071e79018e895fc8a#file-dnsmasq-antimalware) This GitHub gist has a short shell script (bash, will work on any 'nix) and uses `wget` & `awk` present in most distros, to fetch a specified hosts file and convert it the format required by dnsmasq. Supports IPv4 and IPv6. Designed to be used as either a shell script, or can be dropped into /etc/cron.weekly (or wherever suits). The script is short and easily edited, also has a short document attached with notes on dnsmasq setup.
-
-## Contribute!
+## Contribute

 Please read our [Contributing Guide](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/contributing.md). Among other things, this explains how we organize files and folders in this repository.

@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
-lxml>=4.2.4
-beautifulsoup4>=4.6.1
+requests ~=2.20
+flake8 ~=4.0
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+[flake8]
+max-line-length = 120
+extend-ignore = E203
+
+[isort]
+profile = black
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 import json
 import locale
 import os
+import platform
 import re
 import shutil
 import sys
@@ -16,6 +17,8 @@ import unittest
 import unittest.mock as mock
 from io import BytesIO, StringIO

+import requests
+
 import updateHostsFile
 from updateHostsFile import (
    Colors,
@@ -27,7 +30,7 @@ from updateHostsFile import (
    gather_custom_exclusions,
    get_defaults,
    get_file_by_url,
-    is_valid_domain_format,
+    is_valid_user_provided_domain_format,
    matches_exclusions,
    move_hosts_file_into_place,
    normalize_rule,
@@ -41,6 +44,7 @@ from updateHostsFile import (
    query_yes_no,
    recursive_glob,
    remove_old_hosts_file,
+    sort_sources,
    strip_rule,
    supports_color,
    update_all_sources,
@@ -61,6 +65,8 @@ class Base(unittest.TestCase):

    @property
    def sep(self):
+        if platform.system().lower() == "windows":
+            return "\\"
        return os.sep

    def assert_called_once(self, mock_method):
@@ -119,7 +125,7 @@ class TestGetDefaults(Base):
                "readmedata": {},
                "readmedatafilename": ("foo" + self.sep + "readmeData.json"),
                "exclusionpattern": r"([a-zA-Z\d-]+\.){0,}",
-                "exclusionregexs": [],
+                "exclusionregexes": [],
                "exclusions": [],
                "commonexclusions": ["hulu.com"],
                "blacklistfile": "foo" + self.sep + "blacklist",
@@ -131,6 +137,80 @@ class TestGetDefaults(Base):
 # End Project Settings


+class TestSortSources(Base):
+    def test_sort_sources_simple(self):
+        given = [
+            "sbc.io",
+            "example.com",
+            "github.com",
+        ]
+
+        expected = ["example.com", "github.com", "sbc.io"]
+
+        actual = sort_sources(given)
+
+        self.assertEqual(actual, expected)
+
+    def test_live_data(self):
+        given = [
+            "data/KADhosts/update.json",
+            "data/someonewhocares.org/update.json",
+            "data/StevenBlack/update.json",
+            "data/adaway.org/update.json",
+            "data/URLHaus/update.json",
+            "data/UncheckyAds/update.json",
+            "data/add.2o7Net/update.json",
+            "data/mvps.org/update.json",
+            "data/add.Spam/update.json",
+            "data/add.Dead/update.json",
+            "data/malwaredomainlist.com/update.json",
+            "data/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/update.json",
+            "data/hostsVN/update.json",
+            "data/yoyo.org/update.json",
+            "data/add.Risk/update.json",
+            "data/tiuxo/update.json",
+            "extensions/gambling/update.json",
+            "extensions/porn/clefspeare13/update.json",
+            "extensions/porn/sinfonietta-snuff/update.json",
+            "extensions/porn/tiuxo/update.json",
+            "extensions/porn/sinfonietta/update.json",
+            "extensions/fakenews/update.json",
+            "extensions/social/tiuxo/update.json",
+            "extensions/social/sinfonietta/update.json",
+        ]
+
+        expected = [
+            "data/StevenBlack/update.json",
+            "data/adaway.org/update.json",
+            "data/add.2o7Net/update.json",
+            "data/add.Dead/update.json",
+            "data/add.Risk/update.json",
+            "data/add.Spam/update.json",
+            "data/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/update.json",
+            "data/hostsVN/update.json",
+            "data/KADhosts/update.json",
+            "data/malwaredomainlist.com/update.json",
+            "data/mvps.org/update.json",
+            "data/someonewhocares.org/update.json",
+            "data/tiuxo/update.json",
+            "data/UncheckyAds/update.json",
+            "data/URLHaus/update.json",
+            "data/yoyo.org/update.json",
+            "extensions/fakenews/update.json",
+            "extensions/gambling/update.json",
+            "extensions/porn/clefspeare13/update.json",
+            "extensions/porn/sinfonietta/update.json",
+            "extensions/porn/sinfonietta-snuff/update.json",
+            "extensions/porn/tiuxo/update.json",
+            "extensions/social/sinfonietta/update.json",
+            "extensions/social/tiuxo/update.json",
+        ]
+
+        actual = sort_sources(given)
+
+        self.assertEqual(actual, expected)
+
+
 # Prompt the User
 class TestPromptForUpdate(BaseStdout, BaseMockDir):
    def setUp(self):
@@ -217,7 +297,7 @@ class TestPromptForUpdate(BaseStdout, BaseMockDir):
            self.assertFalse(update_sources)

            output = sys.stdout.getvalue()
-            expected = "OK, we'll stick with " "what we've got locally."
+            expected = "OK, we'll stick with what we've got locally."
            self.assertIn(expected, output)

            sys.stdout = StringIO()
@@ -279,7 +359,7 @@ class TestPromptForExclusions(BaseStdout):
        self.assertFalse(gather_exclusions)

        output = sys.stdout.getvalue()
-        expected = "OK, we'll only exclude " "domains in the whitelist."
+        expected = "OK, we'll only exclude domains in the whitelist."
        self.assertIn(expected, output)

        self.assert_called_once(mock_query)
@@ -398,9 +478,6 @@ class TestPromptForMove(Base):
        self.assert_called_once(mock_query)
        mock_move.assert_not_called()

-        mock_query.reset_mock()
-        mock_move.reset_mock()
-
    @mock.patch("updateHostsFile.move_hosts_file_into_place", return_value=0)
    @mock.patch("updateHostsFile.query_yes_no", return_value=True)
    def testPromptMove(self, mock_query, mock_move):
@@ -412,9 +489,6 @@ class TestPromptForMove(Base):
        self.assert_called_once(mock_query)
        self.assert_called_once(mock_move)

-        mock_query.reset_mock()
-        mock_move.reset_mock()
-

 # End Prompt the User

@@ -469,7 +543,9 @@ class TestGatherCustomExclusions(BaseStdout):
    # Can only test in the invalid domain case
    # because of the settings global variable.
    @mock.patch("updateHostsFile.input", side_effect=["foo", "no"])
-    @mock.patch("updateHostsFile.is_valid_domain_format", return_value=False)
+    @mock.patch(
+        "updateHostsFile.is_valid_user_provided_domain_format", return_value=False
+    )
    def test_basic(self, *_):
        gather_custom_exclusions("foo", [])

@@ -478,7 +554,9 @@ class TestGatherCustomExclusions(BaseStdout):
        self.assertIn(expected, output)

    @mock.patch("updateHostsFile.input", side_effect=["foo", "yes", "bar", "no"])
-    @mock.patch("updateHostsFile.is_valid_domain_format", return_value=False)
+    @mock.patch(
+        "updateHostsFile.is_valid_user_provided_domain_format", return_value=False
+    )
    def test_multiple(self, *_):
        gather_custom_exclusions("foo", [])

@@ -559,6 +637,31 @@ class TestMatchesExclusions(Base):
        ]:
            self.assertTrue(matches_exclusions(domain, exclusion_regexes))

+    def test_match_raw_list(self):
+        exclusion_regexes = [r".*\.com", r".*\.org", r".*\.edu", r".*@.*"]
+        exclusion_regexes = [re.compile(regex) for regex in exclusion_regexes]
+
+        for domain in [
+            "hulu.com",
+            "yahoo.com",
+            "adaway.org",
+            "education.edu",
+            "a.stro.lo.gy@45.144.225.135",
+        ]:
+            self.assertTrue(matches_exclusions(domain, exclusion_regexes))
+
+    def test_no_match_raw_list(self):
+        exclusion_regexes = [r".*\.org", r".*\.edu"]
+        exclusion_regexes = [re.compile(regex) for regex in exclusion_regexes]
+
+        for domain in [
+            "localhost",
+            "hulu.com",
+            "yahoo.com",
+            "cloudfront.net",
+        ]:
+            self.assertFalse(matches_exclusions(domain, exclusion_regexes))
+

 # End Exclusion Logic

@@ -732,13 +835,11 @@ class TestNormalizeRule(BaseStdout):
    def test_no_match(self):
        kwargs = dict(target_ip="0.0.0.0", keep_domain_comments=False)

+        # Note: "Bare"- Domains are accepted. IP are excluded.
        for rule in [
-            "foo",
            "128.0.0.1",
-            "bar.com/usa",
            "0.0.0 google",
            "0.1.2.3.4 foo/bar",
-            "twitter.com",
        ]:
            self.assertEqual(normalize_rule(rule, **kwargs), (None, None))

@@ -800,13 +901,43 @@ class TestNormalizeRule(BaseStdout):

            sys.stdout = StringIO()

+    def test_no_comment_raw(self):
+        for rule in ("twitter.com", "google.com", "foo.bar.edu"):
+            expected = (rule, "0.0.0.0 " + rule + "\n")

-class TestStripRule(Base):
-    def test_strip_empty(self):
-        for line in ["0.0.0.0", "domain.com", "foo"]:
-            output = strip_rule(line)
+            actual = normalize_rule(
+                rule, target_ip="0.0.0.0", keep_domain_comments=False
+            )
+            self.assertEqual(actual, expected)
+
+            # Nothing gets printed if there's a match.
+            output = sys.stdout.getvalue()
            self.assertEqual(output, "")

+            sys.stdout = StringIO()
+
+    def test_with_comments_raw(self):
+        for target_ip in ("0.0.0.0", "127.0.0.1", "8.8.8.8"):
+            for comment in ("foo", "bar", "baz"):
+                rule = "1.google.co.uk " + comment
+                expected = (
+                    "1.google.co.uk",
+                    (str(target_ip) + " 1.google.co.uk # " + comment + "\n"),
+                )
+
+                actual = normalize_rule(
+                    rule, target_ip=target_ip, keep_domain_comments=True
+                )
+                self.assertEqual(actual, expected)
+
+                # Nothing gets printed if there's a match.
+                output = sys.stdout.getvalue()
+                self.assertEqual(output, "")
+
+                sys.stdout = StringIO()
+
+
+class TestStripRule(Base):
    def test_strip_exactly_two(self):
        for line in [
            "0.0.0.0 twitter.com",
@@ -829,6 +960,28 @@ class TestStripRule(Base):
            output = strip_rule(line + comment)
            self.assertEqual(output, line + comment)

+    def test_strip_raw(self):
+        for line in [
+            "twitter.com",
+            "facebook.com",
+            "google.com",
+            "foo.bar.edu",
+        ]:
+            output = strip_rule(line)
+            self.assertEqual(output, line)
+
+    def test_strip_raw_with_comment(self):
+        comment = " # comments here galore"
+
+        for line in [
+            "twitter.com",
+            "facebook.com",
+            "google.com",
+            "foo.bar.edu",
+        ]:
+            output = strip_rule(line + comment)
+            self.assertEqual(output, line + comment)
+

 class TestWriteOpeningHeader(BaseMockDir):
    def setUp(self):
@@ -1047,12 +1200,13 @@ class TestUpdateReadmeData(BaseMockDir):
        )
        update_readme_data(self.readme_file, **kwargs)

+        if platform.system().lower() == "windows":
+            sep = "/"
+        else:
+            sep = self.sep
+
        expected = {
-            "base": {
-                "location": "foo" + self.sep,
-                "sourcesdata": "hosts",
-                "entries": 5,
-            },
+            "base": {"location": "foo" + sep, "sourcesdata": "hosts", "entries": 5},
            "foo": "bar",
        }

@@ -1069,8 +1223,13 @@ class TestUpdateReadmeData(BaseMockDir):
        )
        update_readme_data(self.readme_file, **kwargs)

+        if platform.system().lower() == "windows":
+            sep = "/"
+        else:
+            sep = self.sep
+
        expected = {
-            "base": {"location": "foo" + self.sep, "sourcesdata": "hosts", "entries": 5}
+            "base": {"location": "foo" + sep, "sourcesdata": "hosts", "entries": 5}
        }

        with open(self.readme_file, "r") as f:
@@ -1089,12 +1248,13 @@ class TestUpdateReadmeData(BaseMockDir):
        )
        update_readme_data(self.readme_file, **kwargs)

+        if platform.system().lower() == "windows":
+            sep = "/"
+        else:
+            sep = self.sep
+
        expected = {
-            "com-org": {
-                "location": "foo" + self.sep,
-                "sourcesdata": "hosts",
-                "entries": 5,
-            }
+            "com-org": {"location": "foo" + sep, "sourcesdata": "hosts", "entries": 5}
        }

        with open(self.readme_file, "r") as f:
@@ -1230,7 +1390,7 @@ class TestFlushDnsCache(BaseStdout):
                os.name = "posix"
                flush_dns_cache()

-                expected = "Flushing the DNS cache by " "restarting nscd succeeded"
+                expected = "Flushing the DNS cache by restarting nscd succeeded"
                output = sys.stdout.getvalue()
                self.assertIn(expected, output)

@@ -1244,12 +1404,12 @@ class TestFlushDnsCache(BaseStdout):
                os.name = "posix"
                flush_dns_cache()

-                expected = "Flushing the DNS cache by " "restarting nscd failed"
+                expected = "Flushing the DNS cache by restarting nscd failed"
                output = sys.stdout.getvalue()
                self.assertIn(expected, output)

    @mock.patch("os.path.isfile", side_effect=[True, False, False, True] + [False] * 10)
-    @mock.patch("subprocess.call", side_effect=[1, 0])
+    @mock.patch("subprocess.call", side_effect=[1, 0, 0])
    def test_flush_posix_fail_then_succeed(self, *_):
        with self.mock_property("platform.system") as obj:
            obj.return_value = "Linux"
@@ -1260,7 +1420,7 @@ class TestFlushDnsCache(BaseStdout):

                output = sys.stdout.getvalue()
                for expected in [
-                    ("Flushing the DNS cache by " "restarting nscd failed"),
+                    ("Flushing the DNS cache by restarting nscd failed"),
                    (
                        "Flushing the DNS cache by restarting "
                        "NetworkManager.service succeeded"
@@ -1269,15 +1429,6 @@ class TestFlushDnsCache(BaseStdout):
                    self.assertIn(expected, output)


-def mock_path_join_robust(*args):
-    # We want to hard-code the backup hosts filename
-    # instead of parametrizing based on current time.
-    if len(args) == 2 and args[1].startswith("hosts-"):
-        return os.path.join(args[0], "hosts-new")
-    else:
-        return os.path.join(*args)
-
-
 class TestRemoveOldHostsFile(BaseMockDir):
    def setUp(self):
        super(TestRemoveOldHostsFile, self).setUp()
@@ -1286,16 +1437,14 @@ class TestRemoveOldHostsFile(BaseMockDir):
    def test_remove_hosts_file(self):
        old_dir_count = self.dir_count

-        with self.mock_property("updateHostsFile.BASEDIR_PATH"):
-            updateHostsFile.BASEDIR_PATH = self.test_dir
-            remove_old_hosts_file(backup=False)
+        remove_old_hosts_file(self.hosts_file, backup=False)

-            new_dir_count = old_dir_count + 1
-            self.assertEqual(self.dir_count, new_dir_count)
+        new_dir_count = old_dir_count + 1
+        self.assertEqual(self.dir_count, new_dir_count)

-            with open(self.hosts_file, "r") as f:
-                contents = f.read()
-                self.assertEqual(contents, "")
+        with open(self.hosts_file, "r") as f:
+            contents = f.read()
+            self.assertEqual(contents, "")

    def test_remove_hosts_file_exists(self):
        with open(self.hosts_file, "w") as f:
@@ -1303,116 +1452,41 @@ class TestRemoveOldHostsFile(BaseMockDir):

        old_dir_count = self.dir_count

-        with self.mock_property("updateHostsFile.BASEDIR_PATH"):
-            updateHostsFile.BASEDIR_PATH = self.test_dir
-            remove_old_hosts_file(backup=False)
+        remove_old_hosts_file(self.hosts_file, backup=False)

-            new_dir_count = old_dir_count
-            self.assertEqual(self.dir_count, new_dir_count)
+        new_dir_count = old_dir_count
+        self.assertEqual(self.dir_count, new_dir_count)

-            with open(self.hosts_file, "r") as f:
-                contents = f.read()
-                self.assertEqual(contents, "")
+        with open(self.hosts_file, "r") as f:
+            contents = f.read()
+            self.assertEqual(contents, "")

-    @mock.patch("updateHostsFile.path_join_robust", side_effect=mock_path_join_robust)
+    @mock.patch("time.strftime", return_value="new")
    def test_remove_hosts_file_backup(self, _):
        with open(self.hosts_file, "w") as f:
            f.write("foo")

        old_dir_count = self.dir_count

-        with self.mock_property("updateHostsFile.BASEDIR_PATH"):
-            updateHostsFile.BASEDIR_PATH = self.test_dir
-            remove_old_hosts_file(backup=True)
+        remove_old_hosts_file(self.hosts_file, backup=True)

-            new_dir_count = old_dir_count + 1
-            self.assertEqual(self.dir_count, new_dir_count)
+        new_dir_count = old_dir_count + 1
+        self.assertEqual(self.dir_count, new_dir_count)

-            with open(self.hosts_file, "r") as f:
-                contents = f.read()
-                self.assertEqual(contents, "")
+        with open(self.hosts_file, "r") as f:
+            contents = f.read()
+            self.assertEqual(contents, "")

-            new_hosts_file = self.hosts_file + "-new"
+        new_hosts_file = self.hosts_file + "-new"

-            with open(new_hosts_file, "r") as f:
-                contents = f.read()
-                self.assertEqual(contents, "foo")
+        with open(new_hosts_file, "r") as f:
+            contents = f.read()
+            self.assertEqual(contents, "foo")


 # End File Logic


-# Helper Functions
-def mock_url_open(url):
-    """
-    Mock of `urlopen` that returns the url in a `BytesIO` stream.
-
-    Parameters
-    ----------
-    url : str
-        The URL associated with the file to open.
-
-    Returns
-    -------
-    bytes_stream : BytesIO
-        The `url` input wrapped in a `BytesIO` stream.
-    """
-
-    return BytesIO(url)
-
-
-def mock_url_open_fail(_):
-    """
-    Mock of `urlopen` that fails with an Exception.
-    """
-
-    raise Exception()
-
-
-def mock_url_open_read_fail(_):
-    """
-    Mock of `urlopen` that returns an object that fails on `read`.
-
-    Returns
-    -------
-    file_mock : mock.Mock
-        A mock of a file object that fails when reading.
-    """
-
-    def fail_read():
-        raise Exception()
-
-    m = mock.Mock()
-
-    m.read = fail_read
-    return m
-
-
-def mock_url_open_decode_fail(_):
-    """
-    Mock of `urlopen` that returns an object that fails on during decoding
-    the output of `urlopen`.
-
-    Returns
-    -------
-    file_mock : mock.Mock
-        A mock of a file object that fails when decoding the output.
-    """
-
-    def fail_decode(_):
-        raise Exception()
-
-    def read():
-        s = mock.Mock()
-        s.decode = fail_decode
-
-        return s
-
-    m = mock.Mock()
-    m.read = read
-    return m
-
-
 class DomainToIDNA(Base):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super(DomainToIDNA, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
@@ -1517,7 +1591,7 @@ class DomainToIDNA(Base):

            self.assertEqual(actual, expected)

-        # Test with multiple space as seprator of domain and space and
+        # Test with multiple space as separator of domain and space and
        # tabulation as separator or comments.
        for i in range(len(self.domains)):
            data = (b"0.0.0.0     " + self.domains[i] + b" \t # Hello World").decode(
@@ -1529,10 +1603,10 @@ class DomainToIDNA(Base):

            self.assertEqual(actual, expected)

-        # Test with multiple tabulations as seprator of domain and space and
+        # Test with multiple tabulations as separator of domain and space and
        # tabulation as separator or comments.
-        for i in range(len(self.domains)):
-            data = (b"0.0.0.0\t\t\t" + self.domains[i] + b" \t # Hello World").decode(
+        for i, domain in enumerate(self.domains):
+            data = (b"0.0.0.0\t\t\t" + domain + b" \t # Hello World").decode(
                "utf-8"
            )
            expected = "0.0.0.0\t\t\t" + self.expected_domains[i] + " \t # Hello World"
@@ -1552,44 +1626,55 @@ class DomainToIDNA(Base):


 class GetFileByUrl(BaseStdout):
-    @mock.patch("updateHostsFile.urlopen", side_effect=mock_url_open)
-    def test_read_url(self, _):
-        url = b"www.google.com"
+    def test_basic(self):
+        raw_resp_content = "hello, ".encode("ascii") + "world".encode("utf-8")
+        resp_obj = requests.Response()
+        resp_obj.__setstate__({"_content": raw_resp_content})

-        expected = "www.google.com"
-        actual = get_file_by_url(url)
+        expected = "hello, world"

-        self.assertEqual(actual, expected)
+        with mock.patch("requests.get", return_value=resp_obj):
+            actual = get_file_by_url("www.test-url.com")

-    @mock.patch("updateHostsFile.urlopen", side_effect=mock_url_open_fail)
-    def test_read_url_fail(self, _):
-        url = b"www.google.com"
-        self.assertIsNone(get_file_by_url(url))
+        self.assertEqual(expected, actual)

-        expected = "Problem getting file:"
-        output = sys.stdout.getvalue()
+    def test_with_idna(self):
+        raw_resp_content = b"www.huala\xc3\xb1e.cl"
+        resp_obj = requests.Response()
+        resp_obj.__setstate__({"_content": raw_resp_content})

-        self.assertIn(expected, output)
+        expected = "www.xn--hualae-0wa.cl"

-    @mock.patch("updateHostsFile.urlopen", side_effect=mock_url_open_read_fail)
-    def test_read_url_read_fail(self, _):
-        url = b"www.google.com"
-        self.assertIsNone(get_file_by_url(url))
+        with mock.patch("requests.get", return_value=resp_obj):
+            actual = get_file_by_url("www.test-url.com")

-        expected = "Problem getting file:"
-        output = sys.stdout.getvalue()
+        self.assertEqual(expected, actual)

-        self.assertIn(expected, output)
+    def test_connect_unknown_domain(self):
+        test_url = (
+            "http://doesnotexist.google.com"  # leads to exception: ConnectionError
+        )
+        with mock.patch(
+            "requests.get", side_effect=requests.exceptions.ConnectionError
+        ):
+            return_value = get_file_by_url(test_url)
+        self.assertIsNone(return_value)
+        printed_output = sys.stdout.getvalue()
+        self.assertEqual(
+            printed_output, "Error retrieving data from {}\n".format(test_url)
+        )

-    @mock.patch("updateHostsFile.urlopen", side_effect=mock_url_open_decode_fail)
-    def test_read_url_decode_fail(self, _):
-        url = b"www.google.com"
-        self.assertIsNone(get_file_by_url(url))
-
-        expected = "Problem getting file:"
-        output = sys.stdout.getvalue()
-
-        self.assertIn(expected, output)
+    def test_invalid_url(self):
+        test_url = "http://fe80::5054:ff:fe5a:fc0"  # leads to exception: InvalidURL
+        with mock.patch(
+            "requests.get", side_effect=requests.exceptions.ConnectionError
+        ):
+            return_value = get_file_by_url(test_url)
+        self.assertIsNone(return_value)
+        printed_output = sys.stdout.getvalue()
+        self.assertEqual(
+            printed_output, "Error retrieving data from {}\n".format(test_url)
+        )


 class TestWriteData(Base):
@@ -1673,26 +1758,24 @@ class TestQueryYesOrNo(BaseStdout):
        self.assertIn(expected, output)


-class TestIsValidDomainFormat(BaseStdout):
+class TestIsValidUserProvidedDomainFormat(BaseStdout):
    def test_empty_domain(self):
-        self.assertFalse(is_valid_domain_format(""))
+        self.assertFalse(is_valid_user_provided_domain_format(""))

        output = sys.stdout.getvalue()
        expected = "You didn't enter a domain. Try again."

-        self.assertTrue(expected in output)
+        self.assertIn(expected, output)

    def test_invalid_domain(self):
-        expected = (
-            "Do not include www.domain.com or " "http(s)://domain.com. Try again."
-        )
+        expected = "Do not include www.domain.com or http(s)://domain.com. Try again."

        for invalid_domain in [
            "www.subdomain.domain",
            "https://github.com",
            "http://www.google.com",
        ]:
-            self.assertFalse(is_valid_domain_format(invalid_domain))
+            self.assertFalse(is_valid_user_provided_domain_format(invalid_domain))

            output = sys.stdout.getvalue()
            sys.stdout = StringIO()
@@ -1701,7 +1784,7 @@ class TestIsValidDomainFormat(BaseStdout):

    def test_valid_domain(self):
        for valid_domain in ["github.com", "travis.org", "twitter.com"]:
-            self.assertTrue(is_valid_domain_format(valid_domain))
+            self.assertTrue(is_valid_user_provided_domain_format(valid_domain))

            output = sys.stdout.getvalue()
            sys.stdout = StringIO()
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 # https://github.com/l1m5
 #
 # This Python script will combine all the host files you provide
-# as sources into one, unique host file to keep you internet browsing happy.
+# as sources into one, unique host file to keep your internet browsing happy.

 import argparse
 import fnmatch
@@ -20,18 +20,24 @@ import sys
 import tempfile
 import time
 from glob import glob
-
-import lxml  # noqa: F401
-from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
+from typing import Optional, Tuple

 # Detecting Python 3 for version-dependent implementations
 PY3 = sys.version_info >= (3, 0)

-if PY3:
-    from urllib.request import urlopen
-else:
+if not PY3:
    raise Exception("We do not support Python 2 anymore.")

+
+try:
+    import requests
+except ImportError:
+    raise ImportError(
+        "This project's dependencies have changed. The Requests library ("
+        "https://docs.python-requests.org/en/latest/) is now required."
+    )
+
+
 # Syntactic sugar for "sudo" command in UNIX / Linux
 if platform.system() == "OpenBSD":
    SUDO = ["/usr/bin/doas"]
@@ -75,7 +81,7 @@ def get_defaults():
        "readmedata": {},
        "readmedatafilename": path_join_robust(BASEDIR_PATH, "readmeData.json"),
        "exclusionpattern": r"([a-zA-Z\d-]+\.){0,}",
-        "exclusionregexs": [],
+        "exclusionregexes": [],
        "exclusions": [],
        "commonexclusions": ["hulu.com"],
        "blacklistfile": path_join_robust(BASEDIR_PATH, "blacklist"),
@@ -89,8 +95,7 @@ def get_defaults():
 def main():
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
        description="Creates a unified hosts "
-        "file from hosts stored in "
-        "data subfolders."
+        "file from hosts stored in the data subfolders."
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--auto",
@@ -106,7 +111,7 @@ def main():
        dest="backup",
        default=False,
        action="store_true",
-        help="Backup the hosts " "files before they " "are overridden.",
+        help="Backup the hosts files before they are overridden.",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--extensions",
@@ -114,7 +119,7 @@ def main():
        dest="extensions",
        default=[],
        nargs="*",
-        help="Host extensions to include " "in the final hosts file.",
+        help="Host extensions to include in the final hosts file.",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--ip",
@@ -137,7 +142,7 @@ def main():
        dest="noupdate",
        default=False,
        action="store_true",
-        help="Don't update from " "host data sources.",
+        help="Don't update from host data sources.",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--skipstatichosts",
@@ -145,7 +150,15 @@ def main():
        dest="skipstatichosts",
        default=False,
        action="store_true",
-        help="Skip static localhost entries " "in the final hosts file.",
+        help="Skip static localhost entries in the final hosts file.",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--nogendata",
+        "-g",
+        dest="nogendata",
+        default=False,
+        action="store_true",
+        help="Skip generation of readmeData.json",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--output",
@@ -160,7 +173,7 @@ def main():
        dest="replace",
        default=False,
        action="store_true",
-        help="Replace your active " "hosts file with this " "new hosts file.",
+        help="Replace your active hosts file with this new hosts file.",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--flush-dns-cache",
@@ -168,7 +181,7 @@ def main():
        dest="flushdnscache",
        default=False,
        action="store_true",
-        help="Attempt to flush DNS cache " "after replacing the hosts file.",
+        help="Attempt to flush DNS cache after replacing the hosts file.",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--compress",
@@ -176,12 +189,9 @@ def main():
        dest="compress",
        default=False,
        action="store_true",
-        help="Compress the hosts file "
-        "ignoring non-necessary lines "
-        "(empty lines and comments) and "
-        "putting multiple domains in "
-        "each line. Improve the "
-        "performances under Windows.",
+        help="Compress the hosts file ignoring non-necessary lines "
+        "(empty lines and comments) and putting multiple domains in "
+        "each line. Improve the performance under Windows.",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--minimise",
@@ -189,10 +199,23 @@ def main():
        dest="minimise",
        default=False,
        action="store_true",
-        help="Minimise the hosts file "
-        "ignoring non-necessary lines "
+        help="Minimise the hosts file ignoring non-necessary lines "
        "(empty lines and comments).",
    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--whitelist",
+        "-w",
+        dest="whitelistfile",
+        default=path_join_robust(BASEDIR_PATH, "whitelist"),
+        help="Whitelist file to use while generating hosts files.",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--blacklist",
+        "-x",
+        dest="blacklistfile",
+        default=path_join_robust(BASEDIR_PATH, "blacklist"),
+        help="Blacklist file to use while generating hosts files.",
+    )

    global settings

@@ -220,7 +243,7 @@ def main():
    )

    auto = settings["auto"]
-    exclusion_regexes = settings["exclusionregexs"]
+    exclusion_regexes = settings["exclusionregexes"]
    source_data_filename = settings["sourcedatafilename"]

    update_sources = prompt_for_update(freshen=settings["freshen"], update_auto=auto)
@@ -248,7 +271,9 @@ def main():
    )

    merge_file = create_initial_file()
-    remove_old_hosts_file(settings["backup"])
+    remove_old_hosts_file(
+        path_join_robust(settings["outputpath"], "hosts"), settings["backup"]
+    )
    if settings["compress"]:
        final_file = open(path_join_robust(settings["outputpath"], "hosts"), "w+b")
        compressed_file = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile()
@@ -275,13 +300,14 @@ def main():
    )
    final_file.close()

-    update_readme_data(
-        settings["readmedatafilename"],
-        extensions=extensions,
-        numberofrules=number_of_rules,
-        outputsubfolder=output_subfolder,
-        sourcesdata=sources_data,
-    )
+    if not settings["nogendata"]:
+        update_readme_data(
+            settings["readmedatafilename"],
+            extensions=extensions,
+            numberofrules=number_of_rules,
+            outputsubfolder=output_subfolder,
+            sourcesdata=sources_data,
+        )

    print_success(
        "Success! The hosts file has been saved in folder "
@@ -449,6 +475,34 @@ def prompt_for_move(final_file, **move_params):
 # End Prompt the User


+def sort_sources(sources):
+    """
+    Sorts the sources.
+    The idea is that all Steven Black's list, file or entries
+    get on top and the rest sorted alphabetically.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    sources: list
+        The sources to sort.
+    """
+
+    result = sorted(
+        sources.copy(),
+        key=lambda x: x.lower().replace("-", "").replace("_", "").replace(" ", ""),
+    )
+
+    # Steven Black's repositories/files/lists should be on top!
+    steven_black_positions = [
+        x for x, y in enumerate(result) if "stevenblack" in y.lower()
+    ]
+
+    for index in steven_black_positions:
+        result.insert(0, result.pop(index))
+
+    return result
+
+
 # Exclusion logic
 def display_exclusion_options(common_exclusions, exclusion_pattern, exclusion_regexes):
    """
@@ -472,7 +526,7 @@ def display_exclusion_options(common_exclusions, exclusion_pattern, exclusion_re
    -------
    aug_exclusion_regexes : list
        The original list of regex patterns potentially with additional
-        patterns from domains that user chooses to exclude.
+        patterns from domains that the user chooses to exclude.
    """

    for exclusion_option in common_exclusions:
@@ -508,7 +562,7 @@ def gather_custom_exclusions(exclusion_pattern, exclusion_regexes):
    -------
    aug_exclusion_regexes : list
        The original list of regex patterns potentially with additional
-        patterns from domains that user chooses to exclude.
+        patterns from domains that the user chooses to exclude.
    """

    # We continue running this while-loop until the user
@@ -517,7 +571,7 @@ def gather_custom_exclusions(exclusion_pattern, exclusion_regexes):
        domain_prompt = "Enter the domain you want to exclude (e.g. facebook.com): "
        user_domain = input(domain_prompt)

-        if is_valid_domain_format(user_domain):
+        if is_valid_user_provided_domain_format(user_domain):
            exclusion_regexes = exclude_domain(
                user_domain, exclusion_pattern, exclusion_regexes
            )
@@ -533,7 +587,7 @@ def exclude_domain(domain, exclusion_pattern, exclusion_regexes):
    """
    Exclude a domain from being blocked.

-    This create the domain regex by which to exclude this domain and appends
+    This creates the domain regex by which to exclude this domain and appends
    it a list of already-existing exclusion regexes.

    Parameters
@@ -578,7 +632,11 @@ def matches_exclusions(stripped_rule, exclusion_regexes):
        Whether or not the rule string matches a provided exclusion.
    """

-    stripped_domain = stripped_rule.split()[1]
+    try:
+        stripped_domain = stripped_rule.split()[1]
+    except IndexError:
+        # Example: 'example.org' instead of '0.0.0.0 example.org'
+        stripped_domain = stripped_rule

    for exclusionRegex in exclusion_regexes:
        if exclusionRegex.search(stripped_domain):
@@ -616,7 +674,9 @@ def update_sources_data(sources_data, **sources_params):

    source_data_filename = sources_params["sourcedatafilename"]

-    for source in recursive_glob(sources_params["datapath"], source_data_filename):
+    for source in sort_sources(
+        recursive_glob(sources_params["datapath"], source_data_filename)
+    ):
        update_file = open(source, "r", encoding="UTF-8")
        update_data = json.load(update_file)
        sources_data.append(update_data)
@@ -624,7 +684,9 @@ def update_sources_data(sources_data, **sources_params):

    for source in sources_params["extensions"]:
        source_dir = path_join_robust(sources_params["extensionspath"], source)
-        for update_file_path in recursive_glob(source_dir, source_data_filename):
+        for update_file_path in sort_sources(
+            recursive_glob(source_dir, source_data_filename)
+        ):
            update_file = open(update_file_path, "r")
            update_data = json.load(update_file)

@@ -663,14 +725,14 @@ def update_all_sources(source_data_filename, host_filename):
        to be the same for all sources.
    host_filename : str
        The name of the file in which the updated source information
-        in stored for a particular URL. This filename is assumed to be
+        is stored for a particular URL. This filename is assumed to be
        the same for all sources.
    """

    # The transforms we support
    transform_methods = {"jsonarray": jsonarray}

-    all_sources = recursive_glob("*", source_data_filename)
+    all_sources = sort_sources(recursive_glob("*", source_data_filename))

    for source in all_sources:
        update_file = open(source, "r", encoding="UTF-8")
@@ -715,19 +777,23 @@ def create_initial_file():
    merge_file = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile()

    # spin the sources for the base file
-    for source in recursive_glob(settings["datapath"], settings["hostfilename"]):
+    for source in sort_sources(
+        recursive_glob(settings["datapath"], settings["hostfilename"])
+    ):

        start = "# Start {}\n\n".format(os.path.basename(os.path.dirname(source)))
-        end = "# End {}\n\n".format(os.path.basename(os.path.dirname(source)))
+        end = "\n# End {}\n\n".format(os.path.basename(os.path.dirname(source)))

        with open(source, "r", encoding="UTF-8") as curFile:
            write_data(merge_file, start + curFile.read() + end)

    # spin the sources for extensions to the base file
    for source in settings["extensions"]:
-        for filename in recursive_glob(
-            path_join_robust(settings["extensionspath"], source),
-            settings["hostfilename"],
+        for filename in sort_sources(
+            recursive_glob(
+                path_join_robust(settings["extensionspath"], source),
+                settings["hostfilename"],
+            )
        ):
            with open(filename, "r") as curFile:
                write_data(merge_file, curFile.read())
@@ -877,6 +943,10 @@ def remove_dups_and_excl(merge_file, exclusion_regexes, output_file=None):
        if not stripped_rule or matches_exclusions(stripped_rule, exclusion_regexes):
            continue

+        # Issue #1628
+        if "@" in stripped_rule:
+            continue
+
        # Normalize rule
        hostname, normalized_rule = normalize_rule(
            stripped_rule,
@@ -885,7 +955,7 @@ def remove_dups_and_excl(merge_file, exclusion_regexes, output_file=None):
        )

        for exclude in exclusions:
-            if re.search(r"[\s\.]" + re.escape(exclude) + r"\s", line):
+            if re.search(r"(^|[\s\.])" + re.escape(exclude) + r"\s", line):
                write_line = False
                break

@@ -922,6 +992,37 @@ def normalize_rule(rule, target_ip, keep_domain_comments):
        and spacing reformatted.
    """

+    def normalize_response(
+        extracted_hostname: str, extracted_suffix: Optional[str]
+    ) -> Tuple[str, str]:
+        """
+        Normalizes the responses after the provision of the extracted
+        hostname and suffix - if exist.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        extracted_hostname: str
+            The extracted hostname to work with.
+        extracted_suffix: str
+            The extracted suffix to with.
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        normalized_response: tuple
+            A tuple of the hostname and the rule string with spelling
+            and spacing reformatted.
+        """
+
+        rule = "%s %s" % (target_ip, extracted_hostname)
+
+        if keep_domain_comments and extracted_suffix:
+            if not extracted_suffix.strip().startswith("#"):
+                rule += " #%s" % extracted_suffix
+            else:
+                rule += " %s" % extracted_suffix
+
+        return extracted_hostname, rule + "\n"
+
    """
    first try: IP followed by domain
    """
@@ -933,15 +1034,8 @@ def normalize_rule(rule, target_ip, keep_domain_comments):

        # Explicitly lowercase and trim the hostname.
        hostname = hostname.lower().strip()
-        rule = "%s %s" % (target_ip, hostname)

-        if suffix and keep_domain_comments:
-            if not suffix.strip().startswith("#"):
-                rule += " #%s" % suffix
-            else:
-                rule += " %s" % suffix
-
-        return hostname, rule + "\n"
+        return normalize_response(hostname, suffix)

    """
    next try: IP address followed by host IP address
@@ -953,15 +1047,22 @@ def normalize_rule(rule, target_ip, keep_domain_comments):
        ip_host, suffix = result.group(2, 3)
        # Explicitly trim the ip host.
        ip_host = ip_host.strip()
-        rule = "%s %s" % (target_ip, ip_host)

-        if suffix and keep_domain_comments:
-            if not suffix.strip().startswith("#"):
-                rule += " #%s" % suffix
-            else:
-                rule += " %s" % suffix
+        return normalize_response(ip_host, suffix)

-        return ip_host, rule + "\n"
+    """
+    next try: Keep RAW domain.
+    """
+    regex = r"^\s*([\w\.-]+[a-zA-Z])(.*)"
+    result = re.search(regex, rule)
+
+    if result:
+        hostname, suffix = result.group(1, 2)
+
+        # Explicitly lowercase and trim the hostname.
+        hostname = hostname.lower().strip()
+
+        return normalize_response(hostname, suffix)

    """
    finally, if we get here, just belch to screen
@@ -985,12 +1086,7 @@ def strip_rule(line):
        The sanitized rule.
    """

-    split_line = line.split()
-    if len(split_line) < 2:
-        # just return blank
-        return ""
-    else:
-        return " ".join(split_line)
+    return " ".join(line.split())


 def write_opening_header(final_file, **header_params):
@@ -1033,12 +1129,7 @@ def write_opening_header(final_file, **header_params):
                ),
            )
    else:
-        write_data(
-            final_file,
-            "# Title: StevenBlack/hosts\n#\n".format(
-                ", ".join(header_params["extensions"])
-            ),
-        )
+        write_data(final_file, "# Title: StevenBlack/hosts\n#\n")

    write_data(
        final_file,
@@ -1154,6 +1245,11 @@ def update_readme_data(readme_file, **readme_updates):
        readme_data = json.load(f)
        readme_data[extensions_key] = generation_data

+    for denomination, data in readme_data.copy().items():
+        if "location" in data and data["location"] and "\\" in data["location"]:
+            # Windows compatibility: #1166
+            readme_data[denomination]["location"] = data["location"].replace("\\", "/")
+
    with open(readme_file, "w") as f:
        json.dump(readme_data, f)

@@ -1186,8 +1282,8 @@ def move_hosts_file_into_place(final_file):
    elif os.name == "nt":
        print("Automatically moving the hosts file in place is not yet supported.")
        print(
-            "Please move the generated file to %SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts"
-        )  # noqa: W605
+            "Please move the generated file to %SystemRoot%\\system32\\drivers\\etc\\hosts"
+        )


 def flush_dns_cache():
@@ -1237,6 +1333,7 @@ def flush_dns_cache():

        system_prefixes = ["/usr", ""]
        service_types = ["NetworkManager", "wicd", "dnsmasq", "networking"]
+        restarted_services = []

        for system_prefix in system_prefixes:
            systemctl = system_prefix + "/bin/systemctl"
@@ -1244,18 +1341,26 @@ def flush_dns_cache():

            for service_type in service_types:
                service = service_type + ".service"
+                if service in restarted_services:
+                    continue
+
                service_file = path_join_robust(system_dir, service)
                service_msg = (
                    "Flushing the DNS cache by restarting " + service + " {result}"
                )

                if os.path.isfile(service_file):
+                    if 0 != subprocess.call(
+                        [systemctl, "status", service], stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL
+                    ):
+                        continue
                    dns_cache_found = True

                    if subprocess.call(SUDO + [systemctl, "restart", service]):
                        print_failure(service_msg.format(result="failed"))
                    else:
                        print_success(service_msg.format(result="succeeded"))
+                    restarted_services.append(service)

        dns_clean_file = "/etc/init.d/dns-clean"
        dns_clean_msg = "Flushing the DNS cache via dns-clean executable {result}"
@@ -1272,7 +1377,7 @@ def flush_dns_cache():
            print_failure("Unable to determine DNS management tool.")


-def remove_old_hosts_file(backup):
+def remove_old_hosts_file(old_file_path, backup):
    """
    Remove the old hosts file.

@@ -1285,14 +1390,12 @@ def remove_old_hosts_file(backup):
        Whether or not to backup the existing hosts file.
    """

-    old_file_path = path_join_robust(BASEDIR_PATH, "hosts")
-
    # Create if already removed, so remove won't raise an error.
    open(old_file_path, "a").close()

    if backup:
-        backup_file_path = path_join_robust(
-            BASEDIR_PATH, "hosts-{}".format(time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d-%H-%M-%S"))
+        backup_file_path = old_file_path + "-{}".format(
+            time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d-%H-%M-%S")
        )

        # Make a backup copy, marking the date in which the list was updated
@@ -1309,8 +1412,8 @@ def remove_old_hosts_file(backup):

 def domain_to_idna(line):
    """
-    Encode a domain which is presente into a line into `idna`. This way we
-    avoid the most encoding issue.
+    Encode a domain that is present into a line into `idna`. This way we
+    avoid most encoding issues.

    Parameters
    ----------
@@ -1324,7 +1427,7 @@ def domain_to_idna(line):

    Notes
    -----
-    - This function encode only the domain to `idna` format because in
+    - This function encodes only the domain to `idna` format because in
        most cases, the encoding issue is due to a domain which looks like
        `b'\xc9\xa2oogle.com'.decode('idna')`.
    - About the splitting:
@@ -1407,33 +1510,37 @@ def maybe_copy_example_file(file_path):
            shutil.copyfile(example_file_path, file_path)


-def get_file_by_url(url):
+def get_file_by_url(url, params=None, **kwargs):
    """
-    Get a file data located at a particular URL.
+    Retrieve the contents of the hosts file at the URL, then pass it through domain_to_idna().
+
+    Parameters are passed to the requests.get() function.

    Parameters
    ----------
-    url : str
-        The URL at which to access the data.
+    url : str or bytes
+        URL for the new Request object.
+    params :
+        Dictionary, list of tuples or bytes to send in the query string for the Request.
+    kwargs :
+        Optional arguments that request takes.

    Returns
    -------
    url_data : str or None
        The data retrieved at that URL from the file. Returns None if the
        attempted retrieval is unsuccessful.
-
-    Note
-    ----
-    - BeautifulSoup is used in this case to avoid having to search in which
-        format we have to encode or decode data before parsing it to UTF-8.
    """

    try:
-        f = urlopen(url)
-        soup = BeautifulSoup(f.read(), "lxml").get_text()
-        return "\n".join(list(map(domain_to_idna, soup.split("\n"))))
-    except Exception:
-        print("Problem getting file: ", url)
+        req = requests.get(url=url, params=params, **kwargs)
+    except requests.exceptions.RequestException:
+        print("Error retrieving data from {}".format(url))
+        return None
+
+    req.encoding = req.apparent_encoding
+    res_text = "\n".join([domain_to_idna(line) for line in req.text.split("\n")])
+    return res_text


 def write_data(f, data):
@@ -1470,7 +1577,7 @@ def query_yes_no(question, default="yes"):

    Inspired by the following implementation:

-    http://code.activestate.com/recipes/577058
+    https://code.activestate.com/recipes/577058/

    Parameters
    ----------
@@ -1509,7 +1616,7 @@ def query_yes_no(question, default="yes"):
    return reply == "yes"


-def is_valid_domain_format(domain):
+def is_valid_user_provided_domain_format(domain):
    """
    Check whether a provided domain is valid.

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ if not exist "%WINDIR%\System32\drivers\etc\hosts.skel" (

 :UpdateHosts
 :: Update hosts file
-python updateHostsFile.py --auto --minimise
+py updateHostsFile.py --auto --minimise %*

 :: Copy over the new hosts file in-place
 copy /y /v hosts "%WINDIR%\System32\drivers\etc\"
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More