Release 2.4.2

Updates from tiuxo, yoyo.org, and Badd-Boyz.
Release 2.4.1
2026-09-26 22:05:58 +01:00 · 2019-05-04 22:44:20 -04:00 · 2019-05-04 22:43:51 -04:00 · 2019-05-02 10:55:11 -04:00 · 2019-05-02 10:54:47 -04:00 · 2019-04-25 16:48:39 -04:00
86 changed files with 220187 additions and 492167 deletions
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ myhosts
 blacklist
 whitelist
 readmeData.json
-hosts
 hosts-*
 /web.config
 /__pycache__
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 {
  "src": {
-    "tagName": "v%s"
+    "tagName": "v%s",
+    "commitArgs": "-S",
+    "tagArgs": "-S"
  },
  "github": {
    "release": true
@@ -18,9 +18,9 @@ os:
  - osx

 env:
-  - PYTHON_VERSION="2.7"
  - PYTHON_VERSION="3.5"
  - PYTHON_VERSION="3.6"
+  - PYTHON_VERSION="3.7"

 before_install:
  - export PATH="$HOME/miniconda3/bin:$PATH"
@@ -1,12 +1,29 @@
+----
+**Take Note!**  This version of the Hosts file generator, and tests, are for Python 3.5+ only.
+
+----
+
+![readme](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/36028424/40330477-9df2c2e0-5d7f-11e8-8ac8-511d719a5eae.png)
+
+[![latest release](https://img.shields.io/github/release/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/releases)
+[![license](https://img.shields.io/github/license/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/license.txt)
+[![repo size](https://img.shields.io/github/repo-size/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts)
+[![contributors](https://img.shields.io/github/contributors/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/graphs/contributors)
 [![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts)

+[![commits since last release](https://img.shields.io/github/commits-since/StevenBlack/hosts/latest.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+[![last commit](https://img.shields.io/github/last-commit/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+[![commit activity](https://img.shields.io/github/commit-activity/y/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+
+
 # Unified hosts file with fakenews, gambling, porn, social extensions

 This repository consolidates several reputable `hosts` files, and merges them
 into a unified hosts file with duplicates removed.  A variety of tailored hosts files are provided.

-* Last updated: **March 15 2018**.
-* Here's the [raw hosts file with fakenews, gambling, porn, social extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) containing 68,911 entries.
+* Last updated: **May 05 2019**.
+* Here's the [raw hosts file with fakenews, gambling, porn, social extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) containing 58,027 entries.
+* Logo by [@Tobaloidee](https://github.com/Tobaloidee).


 ### List of all hosts file variants
@@ -17,22 +34,22 @@ with Github download links.

 Host file recipe | Readme | Raw hosts | Unique domains | Non Github mirror
 ---------------- |:------:|:---------:|:--------------:|:-------------:
-Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 56,041 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 56,714 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 57,553 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 65,579 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 57,188 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 58,226 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 66,252 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 57,861 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 67,091 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 58,700 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 66,726 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 67,764 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 59,373 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 67,399 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 68,238 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 68,911 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 39,257 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 39,927 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 41,525 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 52,802 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 41,545 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 42,195 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 53,472 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 42,215 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 55,070 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 43,813 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 55,089 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 55,740 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 44,483 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 55,759 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 57,357 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 58,027 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)


 **Expectation**: These unified hosts files should serve all devices, regardless
@@ -43,58 +60,62 @@ of OS.
 Updated `hosts` files from the following locations are always unified and
 included:

-Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License
-----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:-------:|:-------:
-Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT 
-Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](http://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](http://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone' 
-add.Dead | Dead sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-add.Spam | Spam sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-Dan Pollock – someonewhocares.org | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](http://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](http://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution 
-MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 
-yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  
-Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | 'non-commercial with attribution' 
-CoinBlocker | Simple lists that can help prevent cryptomining in the browser or other applications |[link](https://github.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists/master/hosts_browser) | frequently | GPLv3 
-tyzbit | Microsoft tracking domains.  A fork of this repo providing additional data. |[link](https://github.com/tyzbit/hosts/blob/master/data/tyzbit/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tyzbit/hosts/master/data/tyzbit/hosts) | rarely |  
-UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |  
-add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/azet12/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | GPLv3 
-AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0 
-add.Risk | Risk content sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-Fake News | An in-progress collection of fake news outlets. |[link](https://github.com/marktron/fakenews) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/marktron/fakenews/master/fakenews) | occasional | MIT 
-Sinfonietta's gambling blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/gambling-hosts) | occasional | MIT 
-Sinfonietta's snuff-site blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/snuff-hosts) | occasional | MIT 
-pornhosts -- a consolidated anti porn hosts file | This is an endeavour to find all porn domains and compile them into a single hosts to allow for easy blocking of porn on your local machine or on a network. |[link](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/master/0.0.0.0/hosts) | occasional | MIT 
-Sinfonietta's porn blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/pornography-hosts) | occasional | MIT 
-Sinfonietta's social media blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/social-hosts) | occasional | MIT 
+Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License | Issues
+-----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:----------------:|:-------:|:------:
+Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) 
+Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone'  | [issues](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/contact.php) 
+add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution  | [issues](hosts@someonewhocares.org) 
+MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0  | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com) 
+yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |   | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org) 
+Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | 'non-commercial with attribution'  | [issues](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/issues) 
+CoinBlocker | Simple lists that can help prevent cryptomining in the browser or other applications |[link](https://gitlab.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists) | [raw](https://zerodot1.gitlab.io/CoinBlockerLists/hosts_browser) | frequently | GPLv3  | [issues](https://gitlab.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists/issues) 
+UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |   | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/azet12/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | GPLv3  | [issues](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts/issues) 
+AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0  | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/AdAway/issues) 
+add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+Tiuxo hostlist - ads | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/ads) | occasional | CC BY 4.0  | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues) 
+Fake News | An in-progress collection of fake news outlets. |[link](https://github.com/marktron/fakenews) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/marktron/fakenews/master/fakenews) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/marktron/fakenews/issues) 
+Sinfonietta's gambling blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/gambling-hosts) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues) 
+Sinfonietta's snuff-site blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/snuff-hosts) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues) 
+pornhosts -- a consolidated anti porn hosts file | This is an endeavour to find all porn domains and compile them into a single hosts to allow for easy blocking of porn on your local machine or on a network. |[link](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/master/0.0.0.0/hosts) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/issues) 
+Sinfonietta's porn blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/pornography-hosts) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues) 
+Tiuxo hostlist - pornography | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/porn) | occasional | CC BY 4.0  | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues) 
+Sinfonietta's social media blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/social-hosts) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues) 
+Tiuxo hostlist - social | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/social) | occasional | CC BY 4.0  | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues) 



 ## Extensions
-The unified hosts file is extensible.  You manage extensions by curating the
-`extensions/` folder tree. See the `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn` extension
-folders.
+The unified hosts file is extensible.  Extensions are used to block domains by category.  
+
+Extensions are optional, and are added to the base hosts file.  Extensions are combined in various ways wth the default hosts file, and the combined products are stored in the [`alternates`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates) folder.
+
+For example, you may want to block porn domains in addition to the adware and malware we block by default.  That hosts file is stored in the porn subfolder of the [`alternates`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates) folder.  
+
+Data for extensions is stored in the [`extensions`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/extensions) folder. You manage extensions by curating the
+[`extensions`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/extensions)  folder tree where you will find the data for `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn` extension data that we maintain and provide for you.

 ## Generate your own unified hosts file

-**Note** if you are using Python 3, please install the dependencies with:
+To generate your own unified hosts file you will need Python 3.5 or later.
+
+First install the dependencies with:

    pip3 install --user -r requirements.txt

-**Note** if you are using Python 2, please install the dependencies with:
-
-    pip2 install --user -r requirements_python2.txt
-
 **Note** we recommend the `--user` flag which installs the required dependencies at the user level. More information about it can be found on pip [documentation](https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip_install/?highlight=--user#cmdoption-user).

 To run unit tests, in the top level directory, just run:

-    python testUpdateHostsFile.py
+    python3 testUpdateHostsFile.py

-The `updateHostsFile.py` script, which is Python 2.7 and Python 3-compatible,
-will generate a unified hosts file based on the sources in the local `data/`
-subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch updated
-versions (from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each
-source's folder). Otherwise, it will use the `hosts` file that's already there.
+The `updateHostsFile.py` script will generate a unified hosts file based on the sources in the 
+local `data/` subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch updated versions 
+(from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each source's folder). Otherwise, it 
+will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

 ### Usage

@@ -102,10 +123,6 @@ source's folder). Otherwise, it will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

    python3 updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]

-#### Using Python 2.7:
-
-    python updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]
-
 #### Command line options:

 `--help`, or `-h`: display help.
@@ -132,9 +149,8 @@ Only active when `--replace` is also active.
 `--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn`, or `-i nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn`: the IP address to use as the
 target.  Default is `0.0.0.0`.

-`--keepdomaincomments`, or `-k`: `false` (default) or `true`, keep the comments
-that appear on the same line as domains.  The default is `false` since some
-router-based implementations can't handle comments in-line with hosts.
+`--keepdomaincomments`, or `-k`: `true` (default) or `false`, keep the comments
+that appear on the same line as domains.  The default is `true`.

 `--noupdate`, or `-n`: skip fetching updates from hosts data sources.

@@ -210,11 +226,11 @@ Fork this hosts this repo and add your links to [https://github.com/StevenBlack/

 Then, submit a pull request.

-**WARNING**: this is less desireable than Option 1 because the ongoing curation falls on us and what you've just done is created more work for us.
+**WARNING**: this is less desirable than Option 1 because the ongoing curation falls on us and what you've just done is created more work for us.

 ### Option 3: create your own hosts list as a repo on Github

-If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existance of your remo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.
+If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existence of your repo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.


 ## What is a hosts file?
@@ -259,9 +275,9 @@ We tried that.  Using `0` doesn't work universally.
 To modify your current `hosts` file, look for it in the following places and modify it with a text
 editor.

-**Mac OS X, iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` folder.
+**Mac OS X, iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.

-**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` folder.
+**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.

 ## Updating hosts file on Windows

@@ -322,7 +338,9 @@ sc stop "Dnscache"

 Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

-**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo /etc/rc.d/init.d/nscd restart`
+**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+
+**Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`

 **Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`

@@ -332,6 +350,23 @@ Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

 **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`

+**RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
+
+**FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`
+
+To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:
+
+```
+sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
+sudo service nscd start
+```
+
+Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:
+
+```
+hosts: cache files dns
+```
+
 **Others**: Consult [this wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).

 ### Mac OS X
@@ -378,6 +413,8 @@ devices under a variety of operating systems.

 ## Interesting Applications

+* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources.     This is a very interesting project to setup yourself, or you can [buy one pre-loaded](https://uk.pi-supply.com/products/pi-hole-kit-network-wide-ad-blocker).
+
 * [Block ads and malware via local BIND9 DNS server](https://github.com/mueller-ma/block-ads-via-dns "Block ads and malware via local DNS server") (for Debian, Raspbian & Ubuntu): Set up a local DNS server with a `/etc/bind/named.conf.blocked` file, sourced from here.

 * [Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server](https://scripttiger.github.io/dualserver "Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server") (for BSD, Windows & Linux): Set up a blacklist for everyone on your network using the power of the unified hosts reformatted for DualServer. And if you're on Windows, this project also maintains an update script to make updating DualServer's blacklist even easier.
@@ -1,12 +1,29 @@
+----
+**Take Note!**  This version of the Hosts file generator, and tests, are for Python 3.5+ only.
+
+----
+
+![readme](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/36028424/40330477-9df2c2e0-5d7f-11e8-8ac8-511d719a5eae.png)
+
+[![latest release](https://img.shields.io/github/release/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/releases)
+[![license](https://img.shields.io/github/license/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/license.txt)
+[![repo size](https://img.shields.io/github/repo-size/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts)
+[![contributors](https://img.shields.io/github/contributors/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/graphs/contributors)
 [![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts)

+[![commits since last release](https://img.shields.io/github/commits-since/StevenBlack/hosts/latest.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+[![last commit](https://img.shields.io/github/last-commit/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+[![commit activity](https://img.shields.io/github/commit-activity/y/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+
+
 # Unified hosts file with fakenews, gambling, porn extensions

 This repository consolidates several reputable `hosts` files, and merges them
 into a unified hosts file with duplicates removed.  A variety of tailored hosts files are provided.

-* Last updated: **March 15 2018**.
-* Here's the [raw hosts file with fakenews, gambling, porn extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) containing 67,764 entries.
+* Last updated: **May 05 2019**.
+* Here's the [raw hosts file with fakenews, gambling, porn extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) containing 55,740 entries.
+* Logo by [@Tobaloidee](https://github.com/Tobaloidee).


 ### List of all hosts file variants
@@ -17,22 +34,22 @@ with Github download links.

 Host file recipe | Readme | Raw hosts | Unique domains | Non Github mirror
 ---------------- |:------:|:---------:|:--------------:|:-------------:
-Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 56,041 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 56,714 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 57,553 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 65,579 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 57,188 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 58,226 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 66,252 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 57,861 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 67,091 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 58,700 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 66,726 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 67,764 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 59,373 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 67,399 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 68,238 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 68,911 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 39,257 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 39,927 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 41,525 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 52,802 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 41,545 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 42,195 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 53,472 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 42,215 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 55,070 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 43,813 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 55,089 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 55,740 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 44,483 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 55,759 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 57,357 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 58,027 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)


 **Expectation**: These unified hosts files should serve all devices, regardless
@@ -43,57 +60,60 @@ of OS.
 Updated `hosts` files from the following locations are always unified and
 included:

-Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License
-----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:-------:|:-------:
-Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT 
-Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](http://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](http://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone' 
-add.Dead | Dead sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-add.Spam | Spam sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-Dan Pollock – someonewhocares.org | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](http://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](http://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution 
-MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 
-yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  
-Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | 'non-commercial with attribution' 
-CoinBlocker | Simple lists that can help prevent cryptomining in the browser or other applications |[link](https://github.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists/master/hosts_browser) | frequently | GPLv3 
-tyzbit | Microsoft tracking domains.  A fork of this repo providing additional data. |[link](https://github.com/tyzbit/hosts/blob/master/data/tyzbit/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tyzbit/hosts/master/data/tyzbit/hosts) | rarely |  
-UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |  
-add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/azet12/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | GPLv3 
-AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0 
-add.Risk | Risk content sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-Fake News | An in-progress collection of fake news outlets. |[link](https://github.com/marktron/fakenews) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/marktron/fakenews/master/fakenews) | occasional | MIT 
-Sinfonietta's gambling blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/gambling-hosts) | occasional | MIT 
-Sinfonietta's snuff-site blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/snuff-hosts) | occasional | MIT 
-pornhosts -- a consolidated anti porn hosts file | This is an endeavour to find all porn domains and compile them into a single hosts to allow for easy blocking of porn on your local machine or on a network. |[link](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/master/0.0.0.0/hosts) | occasional | MIT 
-Sinfonietta's porn blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/pornography-hosts) | occasional | MIT 
+Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License | Issues
+-----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:----------------:|:-------:|:------:
+Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) 
+Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone'  | [issues](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/contact.php) 
+add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution  | [issues](hosts@someonewhocares.org) 
+MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0  | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com) 
+yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |   | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org) 
+Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | 'non-commercial with attribution'  | [issues](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/issues) 
+CoinBlocker | Simple lists that can help prevent cryptomining in the browser or other applications |[link](https://gitlab.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists) | [raw](https://zerodot1.gitlab.io/CoinBlockerLists/hosts_browser) | frequently | GPLv3  | [issues](https://gitlab.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists/issues) 
+UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |   | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/azet12/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | GPLv3  | [issues](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts/issues) 
+AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0  | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/AdAway/issues) 
+add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+Tiuxo hostlist - ads | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/ads) | occasional | CC BY 4.0  | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues) 
+Fake News | An in-progress collection of fake news outlets. |[link](https://github.com/marktron/fakenews) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/marktron/fakenews/master/fakenews) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/marktron/fakenews/issues) 
+Sinfonietta's gambling blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/gambling-hosts) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues) 
+Sinfonietta's snuff-site blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/snuff-hosts) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues) 
+pornhosts -- a consolidated anti porn hosts file | This is an endeavour to find all porn domains and compile them into a single hosts to allow for easy blocking of porn on your local machine or on a network. |[link](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/master/0.0.0.0/hosts) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/issues) 
+Sinfonietta's porn blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/pornography-hosts) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues) 
+Tiuxo hostlist - pornography | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/porn) | occasional | CC BY 4.0  | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues) 



 ## Extensions
-The unified hosts file is extensible.  You manage extensions by curating the
-`extensions/` folder tree. See the `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn` extension
-folders.
+The unified hosts file is extensible.  Extensions are used to block domains by category.  
+
+Extensions are optional, and are added to the base hosts file.  Extensions are combined in various ways wth the default hosts file, and the combined products are stored in the [`alternates`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates) folder.
+
+For example, you may want to block porn domains in addition to the adware and malware we block by default.  That hosts file is stored in the porn subfolder of the [`alternates`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates) folder.  
+
+Data for extensions is stored in the [`extensions`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/extensions) folder. You manage extensions by curating the
+[`extensions`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/extensions)  folder tree where you will find the data for `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn` extension data that we maintain and provide for you.

 ## Generate your own unified hosts file

-**Note** if you are using Python 3, please install the dependencies with:
+To generate your own unified hosts file you will need Python 3.5 or later.
+
+First install the dependencies with:

    pip3 install --user -r requirements.txt

-**Note** if you are using Python 2, please install the dependencies with:
-
-    pip2 install --user -r requirements_python2.txt
-
 **Note** we recommend the `--user` flag which installs the required dependencies at the user level. More information about it can be found on pip [documentation](https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip_install/?highlight=--user#cmdoption-user).

 To run unit tests, in the top level directory, just run:

-    python testUpdateHostsFile.py
+    python3 testUpdateHostsFile.py

-The `updateHostsFile.py` script, which is Python 2.7 and Python 3-compatible,
-will generate a unified hosts file based on the sources in the local `data/`
-subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch updated
-versions (from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each
-source's folder). Otherwise, it will use the `hosts` file that's already there.
+The `updateHostsFile.py` script will generate a unified hosts file based on the sources in the 
+local `data/` subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch updated versions 
+(from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each source's folder). Otherwise, it 
+will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

 ### Usage

@@ -101,10 +121,6 @@ source's folder). Otherwise, it will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

    python3 updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]

-#### Using Python 2.7:
-
-    python updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]
-
 #### Command line options:

 `--help`, or `-h`: display help.
@@ -131,9 +147,8 @@ Only active when `--replace` is also active.
 `--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn`, or `-i nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn`: the IP address to use as the
 target.  Default is `0.0.0.0`.

-`--keepdomaincomments`, or `-k`: `false` (default) or `true`, keep the comments
-that appear on the same line as domains.  The default is `false` since some
-router-based implementations can't handle comments in-line with hosts.
+`--keepdomaincomments`, or `-k`: `true` (default) or `false`, keep the comments
+that appear on the same line as domains.  The default is `true`.

 `--noupdate`, or `-n`: skip fetching updates from hosts data sources.

@@ -209,11 +224,11 @@ Fork this hosts this repo and add your links to [https://github.com/StevenBlack/

 Then, submit a pull request.

-**WARNING**: this is less desireable than Option 1 because the ongoing curation falls on us and what you've just done is created more work for us.
+**WARNING**: this is less desirable than Option 1 because the ongoing curation falls on us and what you've just done is created more work for us.

 ### Option 3: create your own hosts list as a repo on Github

-If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existance of your remo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.
+If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existence of your repo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.


 ## What is a hosts file?
@@ -258,9 +273,9 @@ We tried that.  Using `0` doesn't work universally.
 To modify your current `hosts` file, look for it in the following places and modify it with a text
 editor.

-**Mac OS X, iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` folder.
+**Mac OS X, iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.

-**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` folder.
+**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.

 ## Updating hosts file on Windows

@@ -321,7 +336,9 @@ sc stop "Dnscache"

 Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

-**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo /etc/rc.d/init.d/nscd restart`
+**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+
+**Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`

 **Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`

@@ -331,6 +348,23 @@ Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

 **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`

+**RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
+
+**FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`
+
+To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:
+
+```
+sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
+sudo service nscd start
+```
+
+Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:
+
+```
+hosts: cache files dns
+```
+
 **Others**: Consult [this wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).

 ### Mac OS X
@@ -377,6 +411,8 @@ devices under a variety of operating systems.

 ## Interesting Applications

+* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources.     This is a very interesting project to setup yourself, or you can [buy one pre-loaded](https://uk.pi-supply.com/products/pi-hole-kit-network-wide-ad-blocker).
+
 * [Block ads and malware via local BIND9 DNS server](https://github.com/mueller-ma/block-ads-via-dns "Block ads and malware via local DNS server") (for Debian, Raspbian & Ubuntu): Set up a local DNS server with a `/etc/bind/named.conf.blocked` file, sourced from here.

 * [Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server](https://scripttiger.github.io/dualserver "Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server") (for BSD, Windows & Linux): Set up a blacklist for everyone on your network using the power of the unified hosts reformatted for DualServer. And if you're on Windows, this project also maintains an update script to make updating DualServer's blacklist even easier.
@@ -1,12 +1,29 @@
+----
+**Take Note!**  This version of the Hosts file generator, and tests, are for Python 3.5+ only.
+
+----
+
+![readme](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/36028424/40330477-9df2c2e0-5d7f-11e8-8ac8-511d719a5eae.png)
+
+[![latest release](https://img.shields.io/github/release/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/releases)
+[![license](https://img.shields.io/github/license/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/license.txt)
+[![repo size](https://img.shields.io/github/repo-size/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts)
+[![contributors](https://img.shields.io/github/contributors/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/graphs/contributors)
 [![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts)

+[![commits since last release](https://img.shields.io/github/commits-since/StevenBlack/hosts/latest.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+[![last commit](https://img.shields.io/github/last-commit/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+[![commit activity](https://img.shields.io/github/commit-activity/y/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+
+
 # Unified hosts file with fakenews, gambling, social extensions

 This repository consolidates several reputable `hosts` files, and merges them
 into a unified hosts file with duplicates removed.  A variety of tailored hosts files are provided.

-* Last updated: **March 15 2018**.
-* Here's the [raw hosts file with fakenews, gambling, social extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) containing 59,373 entries.
+* Last updated: **May 05 2019**.
+* Here's the [raw hosts file with fakenews, gambling, social extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) containing 44,483 entries.
+* Logo by [@Tobaloidee](https://github.com/Tobaloidee).


 ### List of all hosts file variants
@@ -17,22 +34,22 @@ with Github download links.

 Host file recipe | Readme | Raw hosts | Unique domains | Non Github mirror
 ---------------- |:------:|:---------:|:--------------:|:-------------:
-Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 56,041 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 56,714 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 57,553 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 65,579 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 57,188 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 58,226 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 66,252 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 57,861 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 67,091 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 58,700 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 66,726 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 67,764 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 59,373 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 67,399 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 68,238 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 68,911 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 39,257 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 39,927 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 41,525 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 52,802 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 41,545 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 42,195 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 53,472 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 42,215 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 55,070 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 43,813 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 55,089 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 55,740 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 44,483 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 55,759 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 57,357 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 58,027 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)


 **Expectation**: These unified hosts files should serve all devices, regardless
@@ -43,55 +60,58 @@ of OS.
 Updated `hosts` files from the following locations are always unified and
 included:

-Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License
-----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:-------:|:-------:
-Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT 
-Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](http://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](http://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone' 
-add.Dead | Dead sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-add.Spam | Spam sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-Dan Pollock – someonewhocares.org | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](http://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](http://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution 
-MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 
-yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  
-Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | 'non-commercial with attribution' 
-CoinBlocker | Simple lists that can help prevent cryptomining in the browser or other applications |[link](https://github.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists/master/hosts_browser) | frequently | GPLv3 
-tyzbit | Microsoft tracking domains.  A fork of this repo providing additional data. |[link](https://github.com/tyzbit/hosts/blob/master/data/tyzbit/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tyzbit/hosts/master/data/tyzbit/hosts) | rarely |  
-UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |  
-add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/azet12/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | GPLv3 
-AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0 
-add.Risk | Risk content sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-Fake News | An in-progress collection of fake news outlets. |[link](https://github.com/marktron/fakenews) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/marktron/fakenews/master/fakenews) | occasional | MIT 
-Sinfonietta's gambling blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/gambling-hosts) | occasional | MIT 
-Sinfonietta's social media blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/social-hosts) | occasional | MIT 
+Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License | Issues
+-----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:----------------:|:-------:|:------:
+Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) 
+Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone'  | [issues](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/contact.php) 
+add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution  | [issues](hosts@someonewhocares.org) 
+MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0  | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com) 
+yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |   | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org) 
+Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | 'non-commercial with attribution'  | [issues](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/issues) 
+CoinBlocker | Simple lists that can help prevent cryptomining in the browser or other applications |[link](https://gitlab.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists) | [raw](https://zerodot1.gitlab.io/CoinBlockerLists/hosts_browser) | frequently | GPLv3  | [issues](https://gitlab.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists/issues) 
+UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |   | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/azet12/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | GPLv3  | [issues](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts/issues) 
+AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0  | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/AdAway/issues) 
+add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+Tiuxo hostlist - ads | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/ads) | occasional | CC BY 4.0  | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues) 
+Fake News | An in-progress collection of fake news outlets. |[link](https://github.com/marktron/fakenews) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/marktron/fakenews/master/fakenews) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/marktron/fakenews/issues) 
+Sinfonietta's gambling blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/gambling-hosts) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues) 
+Sinfonietta's social media blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/social-hosts) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues) 
+Tiuxo hostlist - social | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/social) | occasional | CC BY 4.0  | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues) 



 ## Extensions
-The unified hosts file is extensible.  You manage extensions by curating the
-`extensions/` folder tree. See the `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn` extension
-folders.
+The unified hosts file is extensible.  Extensions are used to block domains by category.  
+
+Extensions are optional, and are added to the base hosts file.  Extensions are combined in various ways wth the default hosts file, and the combined products are stored in the [`alternates`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates) folder.
+
+For example, you may want to block porn domains in addition to the adware and malware we block by default.  That hosts file is stored in the porn subfolder of the [`alternates`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates) folder.  
+
+Data for extensions is stored in the [`extensions`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/extensions) folder. You manage extensions by curating the
+[`extensions`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/extensions)  folder tree where you will find the data for `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn` extension data that we maintain and provide for you.

 ## Generate your own unified hosts file

-**Note** if you are using Python 3, please install the dependencies with:
+To generate your own unified hosts file you will need Python 3.5 or later.
+
+First install the dependencies with:

    pip3 install --user -r requirements.txt

-**Note** if you are using Python 2, please install the dependencies with:
-
-    pip2 install --user -r requirements_python2.txt
-
 **Note** we recommend the `--user` flag which installs the required dependencies at the user level. More information about it can be found on pip [documentation](https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip_install/?highlight=--user#cmdoption-user).

 To run unit tests, in the top level directory, just run:

-    python testUpdateHostsFile.py
+    python3 testUpdateHostsFile.py

-The `updateHostsFile.py` script, which is Python 2.7 and Python 3-compatible,
-will generate a unified hosts file based on the sources in the local `data/`
-subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch updated
-versions (from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each
-source's folder). Otherwise, it will use the `hosts` file that's already there.
+The `updateHostsFile.py` script will generate a unified hosts file based on the sources in the 
+local `data/` subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch updated versions 
+(from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each source's folder). Otherwise, it 
+will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

 ### Usage

@@ -99,10 +119,6 @@ source's folder). Otherwise, it will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

    python3 updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]

-#### Using Python 2.7:
-
-    python updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]
-
 #### Command line options:

 `--help`, or `-h`: display help.
@@ -129,9 +145,8 @@ Only active when `--replace` is also active.
 `--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn`, or `-i nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn`: the IP address to use as the
 target.  Default is `0.0.0.0`.

-`--keepdomaincomments`, or `-k`: `false` (default) or `true`, keep the comments
-that appear on the same line as domains.  The default is `false` since some
-router-based implementations can't handle comments in-line with hosts.
+`--keepdomaincomments`, or `-k`: `true` (default) or `false`, keep the comments
+that appear on the same line as domains.  The default is `true`.

 `--noupdate`, or `-n`: skip fetching updates from hosts data sources.

@@ -207,11 +222,11 @@ Fork this hosts this repo and add your links to [https://github.com/StevenBlack/

 Then, submit a pull request.

-**WARNING**: this is less desireable than Option 1 because the ongoing curation falls on us and what you've just done is created more work for us.
+**WARNING**: this is less desirable than Option 1 because the ongoing curation falls on us and what you've just done is created more work for us.

 ### Option 3: create your own hosts list as a repo on Github

-If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existance of your remo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.
+If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existence of your repo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.


 ## What is a hosts file?
@@ -256,9 +271,9 @@ We tried that.  Using `0` doesn't work universally.
 To modify your current `hosts` file, look for it in the following places and modify it with a text
 editor.

-**Mac OS X, iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` folder.
+**Mac OS X, iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.

-**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` folder.
+**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.

 ## Updating hosts file on Windows

@@ -319,7 +334,9 @@ sc stop "Dnscache"

 Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

-**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo /etc/rc.d/init.d/nscd restart`
+**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+
+**Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`

 **Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`

@@ -329,6 +346,23 @@ Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

 **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`

+**RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
+
+**FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`
+
+To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:
+
+```
+sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
+sudo service nscd start
+```
+
+Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:
+
+```
+hosts: cache files dns
+```
+
 **Others**: Consult [this wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).

 ### Mac OS X
@@ -375,6 +409,8 @@ devices under a variety of operating systems.

 ## Interesting Applications

+* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources.     This is a very interesting project to setup yourself, or you can [buy one pre-loaded](https://uk.pi-supply.com/products/pi-hole-kit-network-wide-ad-blocker).
+
 * [Block ads and malware via local BIND9 DNS server](https://github.com/mueller-ma/block-ads-via-dns "Block ads and malware via local DNS server") (for Debian, Raspbian & Ubuntu): Set up a local DNS server with a `/etc/bind/named.conf.blocked` file, sourced from here.

 * [Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server](https://scripttiger.github.io/dualserver "Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server") (for BSD, Windows & Linux): Set up a blacklist for everyone on your network using the power of the unified hosts reformatted for DualServer. And if you're on Windows, this project also maintains an update script to make updating DualServer's blacklist even easier.
@@ -1,12 +1,29 @@
+----
+**Take Note!**  This version of the Hosts file generator, and tests, are for Python 3.5+ only.
+
+----
+
+![readme](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/36028424/40330477-9df2c2e0-5d7f-11e8-8ac8-511d719a5eae.png)
+
+[![latest release](https://img.shields.io/github/release/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/releases)
+[![license](https://img.shields.io/github/license/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/license.txt)
+[![repo size](https://img.shields.io/github/repo-size/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts)
+[![contributors](https://img.shields.io/github/contributors/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/graphs/contributors)
 [![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts)

+[![commits since last release](https://img.shields.io/github/commits-since/StevenBlack/hosts/latest.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+[![last commit](https://img.shields.io/github/last-commit/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+[![commit activity](https://img.shields.io/github/commit-activity/y/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+
+
 # Unified hosts file with fakenews, gambling extensions

 This repository consolidates several reputable `hosts` files, and merges them
 into a unified hosts file with duplicates removed.  A variety of tailored hosts files are provided.

-* Last updated: **March 15 2018**.
-* Here's the [raw hosts file with fakenews, gambling extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) containing 58,226 entries.
+* Last updated: **May 05 2019**.
+* Here's the [raw hosts file with fakenews, gambling extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) containing 42,195 entries.
+* Logo by [@Tobaloidee](https://github.com/Tobaloidee).


 ### List of all hosts file variants
@@ -17,22 +34,22 @@ with Github download links.

 Host file recipe | Readme | Raw hosts | Unique domains | Non Github mirror
 ---------------- |:------:|:---------:|:--------------:|:-------------:
-Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 56,041 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 56,714 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 57,553 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 65,579 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 57,188 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 58,226 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 66,252 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 57,861 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 67,091 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 58,700 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 66,726 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 67,764 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 59,373 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 67,399 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 68,238 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 68,911 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 39,257 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 39,927 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 41,525 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 52,802 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 41,545 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 42,195 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 53,472 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 42,215 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 55,070 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 43,813 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 55,089 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 55,740 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 44,483 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 55,759 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 57,357 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 58,027 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)


 **Expectation**: These unified hosts files should serve all devices, regardless
@@ -43,54 +60,56 @@ of OS.
 Updated `hosts` files from the following locations are always unified and
 included:

-Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License
-----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:-------:|:-------:
-Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT 
-Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](http://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](http://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone' 
-add.Dead | Dead sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-add.Spam | Spam sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-Dan Pollock – someonewhocares.org | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](http://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](http://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution 
-MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 
-yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  
-Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | 'non-commercial with attribution' 
-CoinBlocker | Simple lists that can help prevent cryptomining in the browser or other applications |[link](https://github.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists/master/hosts_browser) | frequently | GPLv3 
-tyzbit | Microsoft tracking domains.  A fork of this repo providing additional data. |[link](https://github.com/tyzbit/hosts/blob/master/data/tyzbit/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tyzbit/hosts/master/data/tyzbit/hosts) | rarely |  
-UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |  
-add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/azet12/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | GPLv3 
-AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0 
-add.Risk | Risk content sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-Fake News | An in-progress collection of fake news outlets. |[link](https://github.com/marktron/fakenews) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/marktron/fakenews/master/fakenews) | occasional | MIT 
-Sinfonietta's gambling blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/gambling-hosts) | occasional | MIT 
+Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License | Issues
+-----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:----------------:|:-------:|:------:
+Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) 
+Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone'  | [issues](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/contact.php) 
+add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution  | [issues](hosts@someonewhocares.org) 
+MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0  | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com) 
+yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |   | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org) 
+Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | 'non-commercial with attribution'  | [issues](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/issues) 
+CoinBlocker | Simple lists that can help prevent cryptomining in the browser or other applications |[link](https://gitlab.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists) | [raw](https://zerodot1.gitlab.io/CoinBlockerLists/hosts_browser) | frequently | GPLv3  | [issues](https://gitlab.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists/issues) 
+UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |   | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/azet12/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | GPLv3  | [issues](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts/issues) 
+AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0  | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/AdAway/issues) 
+add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+Tiuxo hostlist - ads | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/ads) | occasional | CC BY 4.0  | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues) 
+Fake News | An in-progress collection of fake news outlets. |[link](https://github.com/marktron/fakenews) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/marktron/fakenews/master/fakenews) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/marktron/fakenews/issues) 
+Sinfonietta's gambling blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/gambling-hosts) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues) 



 ## Extensions
-The unified hosts file is extensible.  You manage extensions by curating the
-`extensions/` folder tree. See the `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn` extension
-folders.
+The unified hosts file is extensible.  Extensions are used to block domains by category.  
+
+Extensions are optional, and are added to the base hosts file.  Extensions are combined in various ways wth the default hosts file, and the combined products are stored in the [`alternates`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates) folder.
+
+For example, you may want to block porn domains in addition to the adware and malware we block by default.  That hosts file is stored in the porn subfolder of the [`alternates`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates) folder.  
+
+Data for extensions is stored in the [`extensions`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/extensions) folder. You manage extensions by curating the
+[`extensions`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/extensions)  folder tree where you will find the data for `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn` extension data that we maintain and provide for you.

 ## Generate your own unified hosts file

-**Note** if you are using Python 3, please install the dependencies with:
+To generate your own unified hosts file you will need Python 3.5 or later.
+
+First install the dependencies with:

    pip3 install --user -r requirements.txt

-**Note** if you are using Python 2, please install the dependencies with:
-
-    pip2 install --user -r requirements_python2.txt
-
 **Note** we recommend the `--user` flag which installs the required dependencies at the user level. More information about it can be found on pip [documentation](https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip_install/?highlight=--user#cmdoption-user).

 To run unit tests, in the top level directory, just run:

-    python testUpdateHostsFile.py
+    python3 testUpdateHostsFile.py

-The `updateHostsFile.py` script, which is Python 2.7 and Python 3-compatible,
-will generate a unified hosts file based on the sources in the local `data/`
-subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch updated
-versions (from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each
-source's folder). Otherwise, it will use the `hosts` file that's already there.
+The `updateHostsFile.py` script will generate a unified hosts file based on the sources in the 
+local `data/` subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch updated versions 
+(from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each source's folder). Otherwise, it 
+will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

 ### Usage

@@ -98,10 +117,6 @@ source's folder). Otherwise, it will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

    python3 updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]

-#### Using Python 2.7:
-
-    python updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]
-
 #### Command line options:

 `--help`, or `-h`: display help.
@@ -128,9 +143,8 @@ Only active when `--replace` is also active.
 `--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn`, or `-i nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn`: the IP address to use as the
 target.  Default is `0.0.0.0`.

-`--keepdomaincomments`, or `-k`: `false` (default) or `true`, keep the comments
-that appear on the same line as domains.  The default is `false` since some
-router-based implementations can't handle comments in-line with hosts.
+`--keepdomaincomments`, or `-k`: `true` (default) or `false`, keep the comments
+that appear on the same line as domains.  The default is `true`.

 `--noupdate`, or `-n`: skip fetching updates from hosts data sources.

@@ -206,11 +220,11 @@ Fork this hosts this repo and add your links to [https://github.com/StevenBlack/

 Then, submit a pull request.

-**WARNING**: this is less desireable than Option 1 because the ongoing curation falls on us and what you've just done is created more work for us.
+**WARNING**: this is less desirable than Option 1 because the ongoing curation falls on us and what you've just done is created more work for us.

 ### Option 3: create your own hosts list as a repo on Github

-If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existance of your remo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.
+If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existence of your repo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.


 ## What is a hosts file?
@@ -255,9 +269,9 @@ We tried that.  Using `0` doesn't work universally.
 To modify your current `hosts` file, look for it in the following places and modify it with a text
 editor.

-**Mac OS X, iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` folder.
+**Mac OS X, iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.

-**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` folder.
+**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.

 ## Updating hosts file on Windows

@@ -318,7 +332,9 @@ sc stop "Dnscache"

 Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

-**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo /etc/rc.d/init.d/nscd restart`
+**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+
+**Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`

 **Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`

@@ -328,6 +344,23 @@ Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

 **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`

+**RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
+
+**FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`
+
+To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:
+
+```
+sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
+sudo service nscd start
+```
+
+Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:
+
+```
+hosts: cache files dns
+```
+
 **Others**: Consult [this wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).

 ### Mac OS X
@@ -374,6 +407,8 @@ devices under a variety of operating systems.

 ## Interesting Applications

+* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources.     This is a very interesting project to setup yourself, or you can [buy one pre-loaded](https://uk.pi-supply.com/products/pi-hole-kit-network-wide-ad-blocker).
+
 * [Block ads and malware via local BIND9 DNS server](https://github.com/mueller-ma/block-ads-via-dns "Block ads and malware via local DNS server") (for Debian, Raspbian & Ubuntu): Set up a local DNS server with a `/etc/bind/named.conf.blocked` file, sourced from here.

 * [Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server](https://scripttiger.github.io/dualserver "Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server") (for BSD, Windows & Linux): Set up a blacklist for everyone on your network using the power of the unified hosts reformatted for DualServer. And if you're on Windows, this project also maintains an update script to make updating DualServer's blacklist even easier.
@@ -1,12 +1,29 @@
+----
+**Take Note!**  This version of the Hosts file generator, and tests, are for Python 3.5+ only.
+
+----
+
+![readme](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/36028424/40330477-9df2c2e0-5d7f-11e8-8ac8-511d719a5eae.png)
+
+[![latest release](https://img.shields.io/github/release/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/releases)
+[![license](https://img.shields.io/github/license/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/license.txt)
+[![repo size](https://img.shields.io/github/repo-size/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts)
+[![contributors](https://img.shields.io/github/contributors/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/graphs/contributors)
 [![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts)

+[![commits since last release](https://img.shields.io/github/commits-since/StevenBlack/hosts/latest.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+[![last commit](https://img.shields.io/github/last-commit/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+[![commit activity](https://img.shields.io/github/commit-activity/y/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+
+
 # Unified hosts file with fakenews, porn, social extensions

 This repository consolidates several reputable `hosts` files, and merges them
 into a unified hosts file with duplicates removed.  A variety of tailored hosts files are provided.

-* Last updated: **March 15 2018**.
-* Here's the [raw hosts file with fakenews, porn, social extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) containing 67,399 entries.
+* Last updated: **May 05 2019**.
+* Here's the [raw hosts file with fakenews, porn, social extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) containing 55,759 entries.
+* Logo by [@Tobaloidee](https://github.com/Tobaloidee).


 ### List of all hosts file variants
@@ -17,22 +34,22 @@ with Github download links.

 Host file recipe | Readme | Raw hosts | Unique domains | Non Github mirror
 ---------------- |:------:|:---------:|:--------------:|:-------------:
-Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 56,041 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 56,714 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 57,553 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 65,579 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 57,188 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 58,226 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 66,252 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 57,861 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 67,091 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 58,700 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 66,726 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 67,764 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 59,373 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 67,399 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 68,238 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 68,911 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 39,257 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 39,927 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 41,525 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 52,802 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 41,545 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 42,195 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 53,472 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 42,215 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 55,070 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 43,813 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 55,089 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 55,740 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 44,483 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 55,759 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 57,357 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 58,027 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)


 **Expectation**: These unified hosts files should serve all devices, regardless
@@ -43,57 +60,61 @@ of OS.
 Updated `hosts` files from the following locations are always unified and
 included:

-Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License
-----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:-------:|:-------:
-Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT 
-Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](http://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](http://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone' 
-add.Dead | Dead sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-add.Spam | Spam sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-Dan Pollock – someonewhocares.org | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](http://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](http://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution 
-MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 
-yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  
-Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | 'non-commercial with attribution' 
-CoinBlocker | Simple lists that can help prevent cryptomining in the browser or other applications |[link](https://github.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists/master/hosts_browser) | frequently | GPLv3 
-tyzbit | Microsoft tracking domains.  A fork of this repo providing additional data. |[link](https://github.com/tyzbit/hosts/blob/master/data/tyzbit/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tyzbit/hosts/master/data/tyzbit/hosts) | rarely |  
-UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |  
-add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/azet12/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | GPLv3 
-AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0 
-add.Risk | Risk content sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-Fake News | An in-progress collection of fake news outlets. |[link](https://github.com/marktron/fakenews) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/marktron/fakenews/master/fakenews) | occasional | MIT 
-Sinfonietta's snuff-site blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/snuff-hosts) | occasional | MIT 
-pornhosts -- a consolidated anti porn hosts file | This is an endeavour to find all porn domains and compile them into a single hosts to allow for easy blocking of porn on your local machine or on a network. |[link](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/master/0.0.0.0/hosts) | occasional | MIT 
-Sinfonietta's porn blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/pornography-hosts) | occasional | MIT 
-Sinfonietta's social media blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/social-hosts) | occasional | MIT 
+Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License | Issues
+-----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:----------------:|:-------:|:------:
+Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) 
+Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone'  | [issues](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/contact.php) 
+add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution  | [issues](hosts@someonewhocares.org) 
+MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0  | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com) 
+yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |   | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org) 
+Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | 'non-commercial with attribution'  | [issues](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/issues) 
+CoinBlocker | Simple lists that can help prevent cryptomining in the browser or other applications |[link](https://gitlab.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists) | [raw](https://zerodot1.gitlab.io/CoinBlockerLists/hosts_browser) | frequently | GPLv3  | [issues](https://gitlab.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists/issues) 
+UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |   | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/azet12/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | GPLv3  | [issues](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts/issues) 
+AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0  | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/AdAway/issues) 
+add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+Tiuxo hostlist - ads | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/ads) | occasional | CC BY 4.0  | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues) 
+Fake News | An in-progress collection of fake news outlets. |[link](https://github.com/marktron/fakenews) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/marktron/fakenews/master/fakenews) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/marktron/fakenews/issues) 
+Sinfonietta's snuff-site blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/snuff-hosts) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues) 
+pornhosts -- a consolidated anti porn hosts file | This is an endeavour to find all porn domains and compile them into a single hosts to allow for easy blocking of porn on your local machine or on a network. |[link](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/master/0.0.0.0/hosts) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/issues) 
+Sinfonietta's porn blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/pornography-hosts) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues) 
+Tiuxo hostlist - pornography | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/porn) | occasional | CC BY 4.0  | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues) 
+Sinfonietta's social media blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/social-hosts) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues) 
+Tiuxo hostlist - social | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/social) | occasional | CC BY 4.0  | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues) 



 ## Extensions
-The unified hosts file is extensible.  You manage extensions by curating the
-`extensions/` folder tree. See the `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn` extension
-folders.
+The unified hosts file is extensible.  Extensions are used to block domains by category.  
+
+Extensions are optional, and are added to the base hosts file.  Extensions are combined in various ways wth the default hosts file, and the combined products are stored in the [`alternates`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates) folder.
+
+For example, you may want to block porn domains in addition to the adware and malware we block by default.  That hosts file is stored in the porn subfolder of the [`alternates`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates) folder.  
+
+Data for extensions is stored in the [`extensions`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/extensions) folder. You manage extensions by curating the
+[`extensions`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/extensions)  folder tree where you will find the data for `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn` extension data that we maintain and provide for you.

 ## Generate your own unified hosts file

-**Note** if you are using Python 3, please install the dependencies with:
+To generate your own unified hosts file you will need Python 3.5 or later.
+
+First install the dependencies with:

    pip3 install --user -r requirements.txt

-**Note** if you are using Python 2, please install the dependencies with:
-
-    pip2 install --user -r requirements_python2.txt
-
 **Note** we recommend the `--user` flag which installs the required dependencies at the user level. More information about it can be found on pip [documentation](https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip_install/?highlight=--user#cmdoption-user).

 To run unit tests, in the top level directory, just run:

-    python testUpdateHostsFile.py
+    python3 testUpdateHostsFile.py

-The `updateHostsFile.py` script, which is Python 2.7 and Python 3-compatible,
-will generate a unified hosts file based on the sources in the local `data/`
-subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch updated
-versions (from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each
-source's folder). Otherwise, it will use the `hosts` file that's already there.
+The `updateHostsFile.py` script will generate a unified hosts file based on the sources in the 
+local `data/` subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch updated versions 
+(from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each source's folder). Otherwise, it 
+will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

 ### Usage

@@ -101,10 +122,6 @@ source's folder). Otherwise, it will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

    python3 updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]

-#### Using Python 2.7:
-
-    python updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]
-
 #### Command line options:

 `--help`, or `-h`: display help.
@@ -131,9 +148,8 @@ Only active when `--replace` is also active.
 `--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn`, or `-i nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn`: the IP address to use as the
 target.  Default is `0.0.0.0`.

-`--keepdomaincomments`, or `-k`: `false` (default) or `true`, keep the comments
-that appear on the same line as domains.  The default is `false` since some
-router-based implementations can't handle comments in-line with hosts.
+`--keepdomaincomments`, or `-k`: `true` (default) or `false`, keep the comments
+that appear on the same line as domains.  The default is `true`.

 `--noupdate`, or `-n`: skip fetching updates from hosts data sources.

@@ -209,11 +225,11 @@ Fork this hosts this repo and add your links to [https://github.com/StevenBlack/

 Then, submit a pull request.

-**WARNING**: this is less desireable than Option 1 because the ongoing curation falls on us and what you've just done is created more work for us.
+**WARNING**: this is less desirable than Option 1 because the ongoing curation falls on us and what you've just done is created more work for us.

 ### Option 3: create your own hosts list as a repo on Github

-If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existance of your remo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.
+If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existence of your repo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.


 ## What is a hosts file?
@@ -258,9 +274,9 @@ We tried that.  Using `0` doesn't work universally.
 To modify your current `hosts` file, look for it in the following places and modify it with a text
 editor.

-**Mac OS X, iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` folder.
+**Mac OS X, iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.

-**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` folder.
+**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.

 ## Updating hosts file on Windows

@@ -321,7 +337,9 @@ sc stop "Dnscache"

 Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

-**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo /etc/rc.d/init.d/nscd restart`
+**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+
+**Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`

 **Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`

@@ -331,6 +349,23 @@ Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

 **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`

+**RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
+
+**FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`
+
+To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:
+
+```
+sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
+sudo service nscd start
+```
+
+Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:
+
+```
+hosts: cache files dns
+```
+
 **Others**: Consult [this wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).

 ### Mac OS X
@@ -377,6 +412,8 @@ devices under a variety of operating systems.

 ## Interesting Applications

+* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources.     This is a very interesting project to setup yourself, or you can [buy one pre-loaded](https://uk.pi-supply.com/products/pi-hole-kit-network-wide-ad-blocker).
+
 * [Block ads and malware via local BIND9 DNS server](https://github.com/mueller-ma/block-ads-via-dns "Block ads and malware via local DNS server") (for Debian, Raspbian & Ubuntu): Set up a local DNS server with a `/etc/bind/named.conf.blocked` file, sourced from here.

 * [Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server](https://scripttiger.github.io/dualserver "Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server") (for BSD, Windows & Linux): Set up a blacklist for everyone on your network using the power of the unified hosts reformatted for DualServer. And if you're on Windows, this project also maintains an update script to make updating DualServer's blacklist even easier.
@@ -1,12 +1,29 @@
+----
+**Take Note!**  This version of the Hosts file generator, and tests, are for Python 3.5+ only.
+
+----
+
+![readme](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/36028424/40330477-9df2c2e0-5d7f-11e8-8ac8-511d719a5eae.png)
+
+[![latest release](https://img.shields.io/github/release/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/releases)
+[![license](https://img.shields.io/github/license/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/license.txt)
+[![repo size](https://img.shields.io/github/repo-size/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts)
+[![contributors](https://img.shields.io/github/contributors/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/graphs/contributors)
 [![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts)

+[![commits since last release](https://img.shields.io/github/commits-since/StevenBlack/hosts/latest.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+[![last commit](https://img.shields.io/github/last-commit/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+[![commit activity](https://img.shields.io/github/commit-activity/y/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+
+
 # Unified hosts file with fakenews, porn extensions

 This repository consolidates several reputable `hosts` files, and merges them
 into a unified hosts file with duplicates removed.  A variety of tailored hosts files are provided.

-* Last updated: **March 15 2018**.
-* Here's the [raw hosts file with fakenews, porn extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) containing 66,252 entries.
+* Last updated: **May 05 2019**.
+* Here's the [raw hosts file with fakenews, porn extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) containing 53,472 entries.
+* Logo by [@Tobaloidee](https://github.com/Tobaloidee).


 ### List of all hosts file variants
@@ -17,22 +34,22 @@ with Github download links.

 Host file recipe | Readme | Raw hosts | Unique domains | Non Github mirror
 ---------------- |:------:|:---------:|:--------------:|:-------------:
-Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 56,041 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 56,714 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 57,553 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 65,579 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 57,188 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 58,226 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 66,252 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 57,861 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 67,091 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 58,700 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 66,726 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 67,764 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 59,373 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 67,399 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 68,238 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 68,911 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 39,257 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 39,927 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 41,525 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 52,802 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 41,545 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 42,195 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 53,472 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 42,215 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 55,070 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 43,813 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 55,089 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 55,740 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 44,483 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 55,759 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 57,357 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 58,027 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)


 **Expectation**: These unified hosts files should serve all devices, regardless
@@ -43,56 +60,59 @@ of OS.
 Updated `hosts` files from the following locations are always unified and
 included:

-Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License
-----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:-------:|:-------:
-Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT 
-Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](http://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](http://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone' 
-add.Dead | Dead sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-add.Spam | Spam sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-Dan Pollock – someonewhocares.org | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](http://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](http://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution 
-MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 
-yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  
-Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | 'non-commercial with attribution' 
-CoinBlocker | Simple lists that can help prevent cryptomining in the browser or other applications |[link](https://github.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists/master/hosts_browser) | frequently | GPLv3 
-tyzbit | Microsoft tracking domains.  A fork of this repo providing additional data. |[link](https://github.com/tyzbit/hosts/blob/master/data/tyzbit/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tyzbit/hosts/master/data/tyzbit/hosts) | rarely |  
-UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |  
-add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/azet12/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | GPLv3 
-AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0 
-add.Risk | Risk content sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-Fake News | An in-progress collection of fake news outlets. |[link](https://github.com/marktron/fakenews) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/marktron/fakenews/master/fakenews) | occasional | MIT 
-Sinfonietta's snuff-site blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/snuff-hosts) | occasional | MIT 
-pornhosts -- a consolidated anti porn hosts file | This is an endeavour to find all porn domains and compile them into a single hosts to allow for easy blocking of porn on your local machine or on a network. |[link](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/master/0.0.0.0/hosts) | occasional | MIT 
-Sinfonietta's porn blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/pornography-hosts) | occasional | MIT 
+Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License | Issues
+-----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:----------------:|:-------:|:------:
+Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) 
+Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone'  | [issues](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/contact.php) 
+add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution  | [issues](hosts@someonewhocares.org) 
+MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0  | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com) 
+yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |   | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org) 
+Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | 'non-commercial with attribution'  | [issues](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/issues) 
+CoinBlocker | Simple lists that can help prevent cryptomining in the browser or other applications |[link](https://gitlab.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists) | [raw](https://zerodot1.gitlab.io/CoinBlockerLists/hosts_browser) | frequently | GPLv3  | [issues](https://gitlab.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists/issues) 
+UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |   | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/azet12/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | GPLv3  | [issues](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts/issues) 
+AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0  | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/AdAway/issues) 
+add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+Tiuxo hostlist - ads | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/ads) | occasional | CC BY 4.0  | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues) 
+Fake News | An in-progress collection of fake news outlets. |[link](https://github.com/marktron/fakenews) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/marktron/fakenews/master/fakenews) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/marktron/fakenews/issues) 
+Sinfonietta's snuff-site blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/snuff-hosts) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues) 
+pornhosts -- a consolidated anti porn hosts file | This is an endeavour to find all porn domains and compile them into a single hosts to allow for easy blocking of porn on your local machine or on a network. |[link](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/master/0.0.0.0/hosts) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/issues) 
+Sinfonietta's porn blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/pornography-hosts) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues) 
+Tiuxo hostlist - pornography | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/porn) | occasional | CC BY 4.0  | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues) 



 ## Extensions
-The unified hosts file is extensible.  You manage extensions by curating the
-`extensions/` folder tree. See the `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn` extension
-folders.
+The unified hosts file is extensible.  Extensions are used to block domains by category.  
+
+Extensions are optional, and are added to the base hosts file.  Extensions are combined in various ways wth the default hosts file, and the combined products are stored in the [`alternates`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates) folder.
+
+For example, you may want to block porn domains in addition to the adware and malware we block by default.  That hosts file is stored in the porn subfolder of the [`alternates`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates) folder.  
+
+Data for extensions is stored in the [`extensions`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/extensions) folder. You manage extensions by curating the
+[`extensions`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/extensions)  folder tree where you will find the data for `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn` extension data that we maintain and provide for you.

 ## Generate your own unified hosts file

-**Note** if you are using Python 3, please install the dependencies with:
+To generate your own unified hosts file you will need Python 3.5 or later.
+
+First install the dependencies with:

    pip3 install --user -r requirements.txt

-**Note** if you are using Python 2, please install the dependencies with:
-
-    pip2 install --user -r requirements_python2.txt
-
 **Note** we recommend the `--user` flag which installs the required dependencies at the user level. More information about it can be found on pip [documentation](https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip_install/?highlight=--user#cmdoption-user).

 To run unit tests, in the top level directory, just run:

-    python testUpdateHostsFile.py
+    python3 testUpdateHostsFile.py

-The `updateHostsFile.py` script, which is Python 2.7 and Python 3-compatible,
-will generate a unified hosts file based on the sources in the local `data/`
-subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch updated
-versions (from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each
-source's folder). Otherwise, it will use the `hosts` file that's already there.
+The `updateHostsFile.py` script will generate a unified hosts file based on the sources in the 
+local `data/` subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch updated versions 
+(from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each source's folder). Otherwise, it 
+will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

 ### Usage

@@ -100,10 +120,6 @@ source's folder). Otherwise, it will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

    python3 updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]

-#### Using Python 2.7:
-
-    python updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]
-
 #### Command line options:

 `--help`, or `-h`: display help.
@@ -130,9 +146,8 @@ Only active when `--replace` is also active.
 `--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn`, or `-i nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn`: the IP address to use as the
 target.  Default is `0.0.0.0`.

-`--keepdomaincomments`, or `-k`: `false` (default) or `true`, keep the comments
-that appear on the same line as domains.  The default is `false` since some
-router-based implementations can't handle comments in-line with hosts.
+`--keepdomaincomments`, or `-k`: `true` (default) or `false`, keep the comments
+that appear on the same line as domains.  The default is `true`.

 `--noupdate`, or `-n`: skip fetching updates from hosts data sources.

@@ -208,11 +223,11 @@ Fork this hosts this repo and add your links to [https://github.com/StevenBlack/

 Then, submit a pull request.

-**WARNING**: this is less desireable than Option 1 because the ongoing curation falls on us and what you've just done is created more work for us.
+**WARNING**: this is less desirable than Option 1 because the ongoing curation falls on us and what you've just done is created more work for us.

 ### Option 3: create your own hosts list as a repo on Github

-If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existance of your remo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.
+If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existence of your repo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.


 ## What is a hosts file?
@@ -257,9 +272,9 @@ We tried that.  Using `0` doesn't work universally.
 To modify your current `hosts` file, look for it in the following places and modify it with a text
 editor.

-**Mac OS X, iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` folder.
+**Mac OS X, iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.

-**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` folder.
+**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.

 ## Updating hosts file on Windows

@@ -320,7 +335,9 @@ sc stop "Dnscache"

 Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

-**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo /etc/rc.d/init.d/nscd restart`
+**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+
+**Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`

 **Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`

@@ -330,6 +347,23 @@ Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

 **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`

+**RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
+
+**FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`
+
+To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:
+
+```
+sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
+sudo service nscd start
+```
+
+Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:
+
+```
+hosts: cache files dns
+```
+
 **Others**: Consult [this wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).

 ### Mac OS X
@@ -376,6 +410,8 @@ devices under a variety of operating systems.

 ## Interesting Applications

+* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources.     This is a very interesting project to setup yourself, or you can [buy one pre-loaded](https://uk.pi-supply.com/products/pi-hole-kit-network-wide-ad-blocker).
+
 * [Block ads and malware via local BIND9 DNS server](https://github.com/mueller-ma/block-ads-via-dns "Block ads and malware via local DNS server") (for Debian, Raspbian & Ubuntu): Set up a local DNS server with a `/etc/bind/named.conf.blocked` file, sourced from here.

 * [Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server](https://scripttiger.github.io/dualserver "Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server") (for BSD, Windows & Linux): Set up a blacklist for everyone on your network using the power of the unified hosts reformatted for DualServer. And if you're on Windows, this project also maintains an update script to make updating DualServer's blacklist even easier.
@@ -1,12 +1,29 @@
+----
+**Take Note!**  This version of the Hosts file generator, and tests, are for Python 3.5+ only.
+
+----
+
+![readme](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/36028424/40330477-9df2c2e0-5d7f-11e8-8ac8-511d719a5eae.png)
+
+[![latest release](https://img.shields.io/github/release/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/releases)
+[![license](https://img.shields.io/github/license/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/license.txt)
+[![repo size](https://img.shields.io/github/repo-size/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts)
+[![contributors](https://img.shields.io/github/contributors/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/graphs/contributors)
 [![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts)

+[![commits since last release](https://img.shields.io/github/commits-since/StevenBlack/hosts/latest.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+[![last commit](https://img.shields.io/github/last-commit/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+[![commit activity](https://img.shields.io/github/commit-activity/y/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+
+
 # Unified hosts file with fakenews, social extensions

 This repository consolidates several reputable `hosts` files, and merges them
 into a unified hosts file with duplicates removed.  A variety of tailored hosts files are provided.

-* Last updated: **March 15 2018**.
-* Here's the [raw hosts file with fakenews, social extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) containing 57,861 entries.
+* Last updated: **May 05 2019**.
+* Here's the [raw hosts file with fakenews, social extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) containing 42,215 entries.
+* Logo by [@Tobaloidee](https://github.com/Tobaloidee).


 ### List of all hosts file variants
@@ -17,22 +34,22 @@ with Github download links.

 Host file recipe | Readme | Raw hosts | Unique domains | Non Github mirror
 ---------------- |:------:|:---------:|:--------------:|:-------------:
-Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 56,041 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 56,714 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 57,553 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 65,579 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 57,188 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 58,226 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 66,252 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 57,861 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 67,091 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 58,700 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 66,726 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 67,764 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 59,373 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 67,399 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 68,238 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 68,911 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 39,257 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 39,927 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 41,525 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 52,802 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 41,545 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 42,195 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 53,472 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 42,215 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 55,070 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 43,813 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 55,089 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 55,740 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 44,483 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 55,759 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 57,357 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 58,027 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)


 **Expectation**: These unified hosts files should serve all devices, regardless
@@ -43,54 +60,57 @@ of OS.
 Updated `hosts` files from the following locations are always unified and
 included:

-Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License
-----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:-------:|:-------:
-Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT 
-Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](http://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](http://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone' 
-add.Dead | Dead sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-add.Spam | Spam sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-Dan Pollock – someonewhocares.org | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](http://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](http://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution 
-MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 
-yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  
-Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | 'non-commercial with attribution' 
-CoinBlocker | Simple lists that can help prevent cryptomining in the browser or other applications |[link](https://github.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists/master/hosts_browser) | frequently | GPLv3 
-tyzbit | Microsoft tracking domains.  A fork of this repo providing additional data. |[link](https://github.com/tyzbit/hosts/blob/master/data/tyzbit/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tyzbit/hosts/master/data/tyzbit/hosts) | rarely |  
-UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |  
-add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/azet12/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | GPLv3 
-AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0 
-add.Risk | Risk content sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-Fake News | An in-progress collection of fake news outlets. |[link](https://github.com/marktron/fakenews) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/marktron/fakenews/master/fakenews) | occasional | MIT 
-Sinfonietta's social media blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/social-hosts) | occasional | MIT 
+Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License | Issues
+-----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:----------------:|:-------:|:------:
+Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) 
+Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone'  | [issues](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/contact.php) 
+add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution  | [issues](hosts@someonewhocares.org) 
+MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0  | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com) 
+yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |   | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org) 
+Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | 'non-commercial with attribution'  | [issues](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/issues) 
+CoinBlocker | Simple lists that can help prevent cryptomining in the browser or other applications |[link](https://gitlab.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists) | [raw](https://zerodot1.gitlab.io/CoinBlockerLists/hosts_browser) | frequently | GPLv3  | [issues](https://gitlab.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists/issues) 
+UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |   | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/azet12/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | GPLv3  | [issues](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts/issues) 
+AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0  | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/AdAway/issues) 
+add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+Tiuxo hostlist - ads | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/ads) | occasional | CC BY 4.0  | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues) 
+Fake News | An in-progress collection of fake news outlets. |[link](https://github.com/marktron/fakenews) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/marktron/fakenews/master/fakenews) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/marktron/fakenews/issues) 
+Sinfonietta's social media blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/social-hosts) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues) 
+Tiuxo hostlist - social | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/social) | occasional | CC BY 4.0  | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues) 



 ## Extensions
-The unified hosts file is extensible.  You manage extensions by curating the
-`extensions/` folder tree. See the `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn` extension
-folders.
+The unified hosts file is extensible.  Extensions are used to block domains by category.  
+
+Extensions are optional, and are added to the base hosts file.  Extensions are combined in various ways wth the default hosts file, and the combined products are stored in the [`alternates`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates) folder.
+
+For example, you may want to block porn domains in addition to the adware and malware we block by default.  That hosts file is stored in the porn subfolder of the [`alternates`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates) folder.  
+
+Data for extensions is stored in the [`extensions`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/extensions) folder. You manage extensions by curating the
+[`extensions`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/extensions)  folder tree where you will find the data for `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn` extension data that we maintain and provide for you.

 ## Generate your own unified hosts file

-**Note** if you are using Python 3, please install the dependencies with:
+To generate your own unified hosts file you will need Python 3.5 or later.
+
+First install the dependencies with:

    pip3 install --user -r requirements.txt

-**Note** if you are using Python 2, please install the dependencies with:
-
-    pip2 install --user -r requirements_python2.txt
-
 **Note** we recommend the `--user` flag which installs the required dependencies at the user level. More information about it can be found on pip [documentation](https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip_install/?highlight=--user#cmdoption-user).

 To run unit tests, in the top level directory, just run:

-    python testUpdateHostsFile.py
+    python3 testUpdateHostsFile.py

-The `updateHostsFile.py` script, which is Python 2.7 and Python 3-compatible,
-will generate a unified hosts file based on the sources in the local `data/`
-subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch updated
-versions (from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each
-source's folder). Otherwise, it will use the `hosts` file that's already there.
+The `updateHostsFile.py` script will generate a unified hosts file based on the sources in the 
+local `data/` subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch updated versions 
+(from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each source's folder). Otherwise, it 
+will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

 ### Usage

@@ -98,10 +118,6 @@ source's folder). Otherwise, it will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

    python3 updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]

-#### Using Python 2.7:
-
-    python updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]
-
 #### Command line options:

 `--help`, or `-h`: display help.
@@ -128,9 +144,8 @@ Only active when `--replace` is also active.
 `--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn`, or `-i nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn`: the IP address to use as the
 target.  Default is `0.0.0.0`.

-`--keepdomaincomments`, or `-k`: `false` (default) or `true`, keep the comments
-that appear on the same line as domains.  The default is `false` since some
-router-based implementations can't handle comments in-line with hosts.
+`--keepdomaincomments`, or `-k`: `true` (default) or `false`, keep the comments
+that appear on the same line as domains.  The default is `true`.

 `--noupdate`, or `-n`: skip fetching updates from hosts data sources.

@@ -206,11 +221,11 @@ Fork this hosts this repo and add your links to [https://github.com/StevenBlack/

 Then, submit a pull request.

-**WARNING**: this is less desireable than Option 1 because the ongoing curation falls on us and what you've just done is created more work for us.
+**WARNING**: this is less desirable than Option 1 because the ongoing curation falls on us and what you've just done is created more work for us.

 ### Option 3: create your own hosts list as a repo on Github

-If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existance of your remo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.
+If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existence of your repo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.


 ## What is a hosts file?
@@ -255,9 +270,9 @@ We tried that.  Using `0` doesn't work universally.
 To modify your current `hosts` file, look for it in the following places and modify it with a text
 editor.

-**Mac OS X, iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` folder.
+**Mac OS X, iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.

-**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` folder.
+**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.

 ## Updating hosts file on Windows

@@ -318,7 +333,9 @@ sc stop "Dnscache"

 Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

-**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo /etc/rc.d/init.d/nscd restart`
+**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+
+**Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`

 **Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`

@@ -328,6 +345,23 @@ Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

 **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`

+**RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
+
+**FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`
+
+To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:
+
+```
+sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
+sudo service nscd start
+```
+
+Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:
+
+```
+hosts: cache files dns
+```
+
 **Others**: Consult [this wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).

 ### Mac OS X
@@ -374,6 +408,8 @@ devices under a variety of operating systems.

 ## Interesting Applications

+* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources.     This is a very interesting project to setup yourself, or you can [buy one pre-loaded](https://uk.pi-supply.com/products/pi-hole-kit-network-wide-ad-blocker).
+
 * [Block ads and malware via local BIND9 DNS server](https://github.com/mueller-ma/block-ads-via-dns "Block ads and malware via local DNS server") (for Debian, Raspbian & Ubuntu): Set up a local DNS server with a `/etc/bind/named.conf.blocked` file, sourced from here.

 * [Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server](https://scripttiger.github.io/dualserver "Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server") (for BSD, Windows & Linux): Set up a blacklist for everyone on your network using the power of the unified hosts reformatted for DualServer. And if you're on Windows, this project also maintains an update script to make updating DualServer's blacklist even easier.
@@ -1,12 +1,29 @@
+----
+**Take Note!**  This version of the Hosts file generator, and tests, are for Python 3.5+ only.
+
+----
+
+![readme](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/36028424/40330477-9df2c2e0-5d7f-11e8-8ac8-511d719a5eae.png)
+
+[![latest release](https://img.shields.io/github/release/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/releases)
+[![license](https://img.shields.io/github/license/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/license.txt)
+[![repo size](https://img.shields.io/github/repo-size/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts)
+[![contributors](https://img.shields.io/github/contributors/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/graphs/contributors)
 [![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts)

+[![commits since last release](https://img.shields.io/github/commits-since/StevenBlack/hosts/latest.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+[![last commit](https://img.shields.io/github/last-commit/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+[![commit activity](https://img.shields.io/github/commit-activity/y/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+
+
 # Unified hosts file with fakenews extensions

 This repository consolidates several reputable `hosts` files, and merges them
 into a unified hosts file with duplicates removed.  A variety of tailored hosts files are provided.

-* Last updated: **March 15 2018**.
-* Here's the [raw hosts file with fakenews extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) containing 56,714 entries.
+* Last updated: **May 05 2019**.
+* Here's the [raw hosts file with fakenews extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) containing 39,927 entries.
+* Logo by [@Tobaloidee](https://github.com/Tobaloidee).


 ### List of all hosts file variants
@@ -17,22 +34,22 @@ with Github download links.

 Host file recipe | Readme | Raw hosts | Unique domains | Non Github mirror
 ---------------- |:------:|:---------:|:--------------:|:-------------:
-Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 56,041 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 56,714 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 57,553 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 65,579 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 57,188 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 58,226 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 66,252 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 57,861 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 67,091 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 58,700 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 66,726 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 67,764 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 59,373 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 67,399 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 68,238 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 68,911 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 39,257 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 39,927 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 41,525 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 52,802 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 41,545 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 42,195 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 53,472 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 42,215 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 55,070 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 43,813 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 55,089 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 55,740 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 44,483 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 55,759 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 57,357 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 58,027 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)


 **Expectation**: These unified hosts files should serve all devices, regardless
@@ -43,53 +60,55 @@ of OS.
 Updated `hosts` files from the following locations are always unified and
 included:

-Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License
-----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:-------:|:-------:
-Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT 
-Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](http://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](http://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone' 
-add.Dead | Dead sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-add.Spam | Spam sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-Dan Pollock – someonewhocares.org | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](http://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](http://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution 
-MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 
-yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  
-Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | 'non-commercial with attribution' 
-CoinBlocker | Simple lists that can help prevent cryptomining in the browser or other applications |[link](https://github.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists/master/hosts_browser) | frequently | GPLv3 
-tyzbit | Microsoft tracking domains.  A fork of this repo providing additional data. |[link](https://github.com/tyzbit/hosts/blob/master/data/tyzbit/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tyzbit/hosts/master/data/tyzbit/hosts) | rarely |  
-UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |  
-add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/azet12/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | GPLv3 
-AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0 
-add.Risk | Risk content sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-Fake News | An in-progress collection of fake news outlets. |[link](https://github.com/marktron/fakenews) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/marktron/fakenews/master/fakenews) | occasional | MIT 
+Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License | Issues
+-----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:----------------:|:-------:|:------:
+Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) 
+Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone'  | [issues](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/contact.php) 
+add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution  | [issues](hosts@someonewhocares.org) 
+MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0  | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com) 
+yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |   | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org) 
+Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | 'non-commercial with attribution'  | [issues](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/issues) 
+CoinBlocker | Simple lists that can help prevent cryptomining in the browser or other applications |[link](https://gitlab.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists) | [raw](https://zerodot1.gitlab.io/CoinBlockerLists/hosts_browser) | frequently | GPLv3  | [issues](https://gitlab.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists/issues) 
+UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |   | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/azet12/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | GPLv3  | [issues](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts/issues) 
+AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0  | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/AdAway/issues) 
+add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+Tiuxo hostlist - ads | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/ads) | occasional | CC BY 4.0  | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues) 
+Fake News | An in-progress collection of fake news outlets. |[link](https://github.com/marktron/fakenews) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/marktron/fakenews/master/fakenews) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/marktron/fakenews/issues) 



 ## Extensions
-The unified hosts file is extensible.  You manage extensions by curating the
-`extensions/` folder tree. See the `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn` extension
-folders.
+The unified hosts file is extensible.  Extensions are used to block domains by category.  
+
+Extensions are optional, and are added to the base hosts file.  Extensions are combined in various ways wth the default hosts file, and the combined products are stored in the [`alternates`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates) folder.
+
+For example, you may want to block porn domains in addition to the adware and malware we block by default.  That hosts file is stored in the porn subfolder of the [`alternates`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates) folder.  
+
+Data for extensions is stored in the [`extensions`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/extensions) folder. You manage extensions by curating the
+[`extensions`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/extensions)  folder tree where you will find the data for `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn` extension data that we maintain and provide for you.

 ## Generate your own unified hosts file

-**Note** if you are using Python 3, please install the dependencies with:
+To generate your own unified hosts file you will need Python 3.5 or later.
+
+First install the dependencies with:

    pip3 install --user -r requirements.txt

-**Note** if you are using Python 2, please install the dependencies with:
-
-    pip2 install --user -r requirements_python2.txt
-
 **Note** we recommend the `--user` flag which installs the required dependencies at the user level. More information about it can be found on pip [documentation](https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip_install/?highlight=--user#cmdoption-user).

 To run unit tests, in the top level directory, just run:

-    python testUpdateHostsFile.py
+    python3 testUpdateHostsFile.py

-The `updateHostsFile.py` script, which is Python 2.7 and Python 3-compatible,
-will generate a unified hosts file based on the sources in the local `data/`
-subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch updated
-versions (from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each
-source's folder). Otherwise, it will use the `hosts` file that's already there.
+The `updateHostsFile.py` script will generate a unified hosts file based on the sources in the 
+local `data/` subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch updated versions 
+(from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each source's folder). Otherwise, it 
+will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

 ### Usage

@@ -97,10 +116,6 @@ source's folder). Otherwise, it will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

    python3 updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]

-#### Using Python 2.7:
-
-    python updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]
-
 #### Command line options:

 `--help`, or `-h`: display help.
@@ -127,9 +142,8 @@ Only active when `--replace` is also active.
 `--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn`, or `-i nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn`: the IP address to use as the
 target.  Default is `0.0.0.0`.

-`--keepdomaincomments`, or `-k`: `false` (default) or `true`, keep the comments
-that appear on the same line as domains.  The default is `false` since some
-router-based implementations can't handle comments in-line with hosts.
+`--keepdomaincomments`, or `-k`: `true` (default) or `false`, keep the comments
+that appear on the same line as domains.  The default is `true`.

 `--noupdate`, or `-n`: skip fetching updates from hosts data sources.

@@ -205,11 +219,11 @@ Fork this hosts this repo and add your links to [https://github.com/StevenBlack/

 Then, submit a pull request.

-**WARNING**: this is less desireable than Option 1 because the ongoing curation falls on us and what you've just done is created more work for us.
+**WARNING**: this is less desirable than Option 1 because the ongoing curation falls on us and what you've just done is created more work for us.

 ### Option 3: create your own hosts list as a repo on Github

-If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existance of your remo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.
+If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existence of your repo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.


 ## What is a hosts file?
@@ -254,9 +268,9 @@ We tried that.  Using `0` doesn't work universally.
 To modify your current `hosts` file, look for it in the following places and modify it with a text
 editor.

-**Mac OS X, iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` folder.
+**Mac OS X, iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.

-**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` folder.
+**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.

 ## Updating hosts file on Windows

@@ -317,7 +331,9 @@ sc stop "Dnscache"

 Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

-**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo /etc/rc.d/init.d/nscd restart`
+**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+
+**Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`

 **Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`

@@ -327,6 +343,23 @@ Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

 **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`

+**RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
+
+**FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`
+
+To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:
+
+```
+sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
+sudo service nscd start
+```
+
+Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:
+
+```
+hosts: cache files dns
+```
+
 **Others**: Consult [this wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).

 ### Mac OS X
@@ -373,6 +406,8 @@ devices under a variety of operating systems.

 ## Interesting Applications

+* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources.     This is a very interesting project to setup yourself, or you can [buy one pre-loaded](https://uk.pi-supply.com/products/pi-hole-kit-network-wide-ad-blocker).
+
 * [Block ads and malware via local BIND9 DNS server](https://github.com/mueller-ma/block-ads-via-dns "Block ads and malware via local DNS server") (for Debian, Raspbian & Ubuntu): Set up a local DNS server with a `/etc/bind/named.conf.blocked` file, sourced from here.

 * [Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server](https://scripttiger.github.io/dualserver "Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server") (for BSD, Windows & Linux): Set up a blacklist for everyone on your network using the power of the unified hosts reformatted for DualServer. And if you're on Windows, this project also maintains an update script to make updating DualServer's blacklist even easier.
@@ -1,12 +1,29 @@
+----
+**Take Note!**  This version of the Hosts file generator, and tests, are for Python 3.5+ only.
+
+----
+
+![readme](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/36028424/40330477-9df2c2e0-5d7f-11e8-8ac8-511d719a5eae.png)
+
+[![latest release](https://img.shields.io/github/release/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/releases)
+[![license](https://img.shields.io/github/license/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/license.txt)
+[![repo size](https://img.shields.io/github/repo-size/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts)
+[![contributors](https://img.shields.io/github/contributors/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/graphs/contributors)
 [![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts)

+[![commits since last release](https://img.shields.io/github/commits-since/StevenBlack/hosts/latest.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+[![last commit](https://img.shields.io/github/last-commit/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+[![commit activity](https://img.shields.io/github/commit-activity/y/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+
+
 # Unified hosts file with gambling, porn, social extensions

 This repository consolidates several reputable `hosts` files, and merges them
 into a unified hosts file with duplicates removed.  A variety of tailored hosts files are provided.

-* Last updated: **March 15 2018**.
-* Here's the [raw hosts file with gambling, porn, social extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) containing 68,238 entries.
+* Last updated: **May 05 2019**.
+* Here's the [raw hosts file with gambling, porn, social extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) containing 57,357 entries.
+* Logo by [@Tobaloidee](https://github.com/Tobaloidee).


 ### List of all hosts file variants
@@ -17,22 +34,22 @@ with Github download links.

 Host file recipe | Readme | Raw hosts | Unique domains | Non Github mirror
 ---------------- |:------:|:---------:|:--------------:|:-------------:
-Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 56,041 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 56,714 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 57,553 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 65,579 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 57,188 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 58,226 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 66,252 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 57,861 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 67,091 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 58,700 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 66,726 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 67,764 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 59,373 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 67,399 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 68,238 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 68,911 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 39,257 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 39,927 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 41,525 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 52,802 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 41,545 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 42,195 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 53,472 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 42,215 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 55,070 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 43,813 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 55,089 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 55,740 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 44,483 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 55,759 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 57,357 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 58,027 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)


 **Expectation**: These unified hosts files should serve all devices, regardless
@@ -43,57 +60,61 @@ of OS.
 Updated `hosts` files from the following locations are always unified and
 included:

-Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License
-----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:-------:|:-------:
-Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT 
-Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](http://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](http://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone' 
-add.Dead | Dead sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-add.Spam | Spam sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-Dan Pollock – someonewhocares.org | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](http://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](http://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution 
-MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 
-yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  
-Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | 'non-commercial with attribution' 
-CoinBlocker | Simple lists that can help prevent cryptomining in the browser or other applications |[link](https://github.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists/master/hosts_browser) | frequently | GPLv3 
-tyzbit | Microsoft tracking domains.  A fork of this repo providing additional data. |[link](https://github.com/tyzbit/hosts/blob/master/data/tyzbit/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tyzbit/hosts/master/data/tyzbit/hosts) | rarely |  
-UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |  
-add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/azet12/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | GPLv3 
-AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0 
-add.Risk | Risk content sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-Sinfonietta's gambling blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/gambling-hosts) | occasional | MIT 
-Sinfonietta's snuff-site blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/snuff-hosts) | occasional | MIT 
-pornhosts -- a consolidated anti porn hosts file | This is an endeavour to find all porn domains and compile them into a single hosts to allow for easy blocking of porn on your local machine or on a network. |[link](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/master/0.0.0.0/hosts) | occasional | MIT 
-Sinfonietta's porn blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/pornography-hosts) | occasional | MIT 
-Sinfonietta's social media blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/social-hosts) | occasional | MIT 
+Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License | Issues
+-----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:----------------:|:-------:|:------:
+Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) 
+Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone'  | [issues](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/contact.php) 
+add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution  | [issues](hosts@someonewhocares.org) 
+MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0  | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com) 
+yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |   | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org) 
+Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | 'non-commercial with attribution'  | [issues](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/issues) 
+CoinBlocker | Simple lists that can help prevent cryptomining in the browser or other applications |[link](https://gitlab.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists) | [raw](https://zerodot1.gitlab.io/CoinBlockerLists/hosts_browser) | frequently | GPLv3  | [issues](https://gitlab.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists/issues) 
+UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |   | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/azet12/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | GPLv3  | [issues](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts/issues) 
+AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0  | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/AdAway/issues) 
+add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+Tiuxo hostlist - ads | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/ads) | occasional | CC BY 4.0  | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues) 
+Sinfonietta's gambling blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/gambling-hosts) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues) 
+Sinfonietta's snuff-site blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/snuff-hosts) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues) 
+pornhosts -- a consolidated anti porn hosts file | This is an endeavour to find all porn domains and compile them into a single hosts to allow for easy blocking of porn on your local machine or on a network. |[link](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/master/0.0.0.0/hosts) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/issues) 
+Sinfonietta's porn blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/pornography-hosts) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues) 
+Tiuxo hostlist - pornography | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/porn) | occasional | CC BY 4.0  | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues) 
+Sinfonietta's social media blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/social-hosts) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues) 
+Tiuxo hostlist - social | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/social) | occasional | CC BY 4.0  | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues) 



 ## Extensions
-The unified hosts file is extensible.  You manage extensions by curating the
-`extensions/` folder tree. See the `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn` extension
-folders.
+The unified hosts file is extensible.  Extensions are used to block domains by category.  
+
+Extensions are optional, and are added to the base hosts file.  Extensions are combined in various ways wth the default hosts file, and the combined products are stored in the [`alternates`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates) folder.
+
+For example, you may want to block porn domains in addition to the adware and malware we block by default.  That hosts file is stored in the porn subfolder of the [`alternates`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates) folder.  
+
+Data for extensions is stored in the [`extensions`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/extensions) folder. You manage extensions by curating the
+[`extensions`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/extensions)  folder tree where you will find the data for `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn` extension data that we maintain and provide for you.

 ## Generate your own unified hosts file

-**Note** if you are using Python 3, please install the dependencies with:
+To generate your own unified hosts file you will need Python 3.5 or later.
+
+First install the dependencies with:

    pip3 install --user -r requirements.txt

-**Note** if you are using Python 2, please install the dependencies with:
-
-    pip2 install --user -r requirements_python2.txt
-
 **Note** we recommend the `--user` flag which installs the required dependencies at the user level. More information about it can be found on pip [documentation](https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip_install/?highlight=--user#cmdoption-user).

 To run unit tests, in the top level directory, just run:

-    python testUpdateHostsFile.py
+    python3 testUpdateHostsFile.py

-The `updateHostsFile.py` script, which is Python 2.7 and Python 3-compatible,
-will generate a unified hosts file based on the sources in the local `data/`
-subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch updated
-versions (from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each
-source's folder). Otherwise, it will use the `hosts` file that's already there.
+The `updateHostsFile.py` script will generate a unified hosts file based on the sources in the 
+local `data/` subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch updated versions 
+(from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each source's folder). Otherwise, it 
+will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

 ### Usage

@@ -101,10 +122,6 @@ source's folder). Otherwise, it will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

    python3 updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]

-#### Using Python 2.7:
-
-    python updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]
-
 #### Command line options:

 `--help`, or `-h`: display help.
@@ -131,9 +148,8 @@ Only active when `--replace` is also active.
 `--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn`, or `-i nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn`: the IP address to use as the
 target.  Default is `0.0.0.0`.

-`--keepdomaincomments`, or `-k`: `false` (default) or `true`, keep the comments
-that appear on the same line as domains.  The default is `false` since some
-router-based implementations can't handle comments in-line with hosts.
+`--keepdomaincomments`, or `-k`: `true` (default) or `false`, keep the comments
+that appear on the same line as domains.  The default is `true`.

 `--noupdate`, or `-n`: skip fetching updates from hosts data sources.

@@ -209,11 +225,11 @@ Fork this hosts this repo and add your links to [https://github.com/StevenBlack/

 Then, submit a pull request.

-**WARNING**: this is less desireable than Option 1 because the ongoing curation falls on us and what you've just done is created more work for us.
+**WARNING**: this is less desirable than Option 1 because the ongoing curation falls on us and what you've just done is created more work for us.

 ### Option 3: create your own hosts list as a repo on Github

-If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existance of your remo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.
+If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existence of your repo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.


 ## What is a hosts file?
@@ -258,9 +274,9 @@ We tried that.  Using `0` doesn't work universally.
 To modify your current `hosts` file, look for it in the following places and modify it with a text
 editor.

-**Mac OS X, iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` folder.
+**Mac OS X, iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.

-**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` folder.
+**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.

 ## Updating hosts file on Windows

@@ -321,7 +337,9 @@ sc stop "Dnscache"

 Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

-**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo /etc/rc.d/init.d/nscd restart`
+**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+
+**Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`

 **Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`

@@ -331,6 +349,23 @@ Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

 **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`

+**RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
+
+**FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`
+
+To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:
+
+```
+sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
+sudo service nscd start
+```
+
+Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:
+
+```
+hosts: cache files dns
+```
+
 **Others**: Consult [this wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).

 ### Mac OS X
@@ -377,6 +412,8 @@ devices under a variety of operating systems.

 ## Interesting Applications

+* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources.     This is a very interesting project to setup yourself, or you can [buy one pre-loaded](https://uk.pi-supply.com/products/pi-hole-kit-network-wide-ad-blocker).
+
 * [Block ads and malware via local BIND9 DNS server](https://github.com/mueller-ma/block-ads-via-dns "Block ads and malware via local DNS server") (for Debian, Raspbian & Ubuntu): Set up a local DNS server with a `/etc/bind/named.conf.blocked` file, sourced from here.

 * [Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server](https://scripttiger.github.io/dualserver "Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server") (for BSD, Windows & Linux): Set up a blacklist for everyone on your network using the power of the unified hosts reformatted for DualServer. And if you're on Windows, this project also maintains an update script to make updating DualServer's blacklist even easier.
@@ -1,12 +1,29 @@
+----
+**Take Note!**  This version of the Hosts file generator, and tests, are for Python 3.5+ only.
+
+----
+
+![readme](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/36028424/40330477-9df2c2e0-5d7f-11e8-8ac8-511d719a5eae.png)
+
+[![latest release](https://img.shields.io/github/release/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/releases)
+[![license](https://img.shields.io/github/license/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/license.txt)
+[![repo size](https://img.shields.io/github/repo-size/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts)
+[![contributors](https://img.shields.io/github/contributors/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/graphs/contributors)
 [![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts)

+[![commits since last release](https://img.shields.io/github/commits-since/StevenBlack/hosts/latest.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+[![last commit](https://img.shields.io/github/last-commit/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+[![commit activity](https://img.shields.io/github/commit-activity/y/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+
+
 # Unified hosts file with gambling, porn extensions

 This repository consolidates several reputable `hosts` files, and merges them
 into a unified hosts file with duplicates removed.  A variety of tailored hosts files are provided.

-* Last updated: **March 15 2018**.
-* Here's the [raw hosts file with gambling, porn extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) containing 67,091 entries.
+* Last updated: **May 05 2019**.
+* Here's the [raw hosts file with gambling, porn extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) containing 55,070 entries.
+* Logo by [@Tobaloidee](https://github.com/Tobaloidee).


 ### List of all hosts file variants
@@ -17,22 +34,22 @@ with Github download links.

 Host file recipe | Readme | Raw hosts | Unique domains | Non Github mirror
 ---------------- |:------:|:---------:|:--------------:|:-------------:
-Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 56,041 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 56,714 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 57,553 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 65,579 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 57,188 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 58,226 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 66,252 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 57,861 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 67,091 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 58,700 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 66,726 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 67,764 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 59,373 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 67,399 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 68,238 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 68,911 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 39,257 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 39,927 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 41,525 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 52,802 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 41,545 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 42,195 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 53,472 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 42,215 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 55,070 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 43,813 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 55,089 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 55,740 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 44,483 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 55,759 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 57,357 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 58,027 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)


 **Expectation**: These unified hosts files should serve all devices, regardless
@@ -43,56 +60,59 @@ of OS.
 Updated `hosts` files from the following locations are always unified and
 included:

-Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License
-----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:-------:|:-------:
-Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT 
-Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](http://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](http://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone' 
-add.Dead | Dead sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-add.Spam | Spam sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-Dan Pollock – someonewhocares.org | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](http://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](http://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution 
-MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 
-yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  
-Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | 'non-commercial with attribution' 
-CoinBlocker | Simple lists that can help prevent cryptomining in the browser or other applications |[link](https://github.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists/master/hosts_browser) | frequently | GPLv3 
-tyzbit | Microsoft tracking domains.  A fork of this repo providing additional data. |[link](https://github.com/tyzbit/hosts/blob/master/data/tyzbit/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tyzbit/hosts/master/data/tyzbit/hosts) | rarely |  
-UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |  
-add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/azet12/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | GPLv3 
-AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0 
-add.Risk | Risk content sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-Sinfonietta's gambling blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/gambling-hosts) | occasional | MIT 
-Sinfonietta's snuff-site blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/snuff-hosts) | occasional | MIT 
-pornhosts -- a consolidated anti porn hosts file | This is an endeavour to find all porn domains and compile them into a single hosts to allow for easy blocking of porn on your local machine or on a network. |[link](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/master/0.0.0.0/hosts) | occasional | MIT 
-Sinfonietta's porn blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/pornography-hosts) | occasional | MIT 
+Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License | Issues
+-----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:----------------:|:-------:|:------:
+Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) 
+Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone'  | [issues](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/contact.php) 
+add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution  | [issues](hosts@someonewhocares.org) 
+MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0  | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com) 
+yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |   | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org) 
+Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | 'non-commercial with attribution'  | [issues](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/issues) 
+CoinBlocker | Simple lists that can help prevent cryptomining in the browser or other applications |[link](https://gitlab.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists) | [raw](https://zerodot1.gitlab.io/CoinBlockerLists/hosts_browser) | frequently | GPLv3  | [issues](https://gitlab.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists/issues) 
+UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |   | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/azet12/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | GPLv3  | [issues](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts/issues) 
+AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0  | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/AdAway/issues) 
+add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+Tiuxo hostlist - ads | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/ads) | occasional | CC BY 4.0  | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues) 
+Sinfonietta's gambling blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/gambling-hosts) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues) 
+Sinfonietta's snuff-site blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/snuff-hosts) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues) 
+pornhosts -- a consolidated anti porn hosts file | This is an endeavour to find all porn domains and compile them into a single hosts to allow for easy blocking of porn on your local machine or on a network. |[link](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/master/0.0.0.0/hosts) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/issues) 
+Sinfonietta's porn blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/pornography-hosts) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues) 
+Tiuxo hostlist - pornography | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/porn) | occasional | CC BY 4.0  | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues) 



 ## Extensions
-The unified hosts file is extensible.  You manage extensions by curating the
-`extensions/` folder tree. See the `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn` extension
-folders.
+The unified hosts file is extensible.  Extensions are used to block domains by category.  
+
+Extensions are optional, and are added to the base hosts file.  Extensions are combined in various ways wth the default hosts file, and the combined products are stored in the [`alternates`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates) folder.
+
+For example, you may want to block porn domains in addition to the adware and malware we block by default.  That hosts file is stored in the porn subfolder of the [`alternates`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates) folder.  
+
+Data for extensions is stored in the [`extensions`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/extensions) folder. You manage extensions by curating the
+[`extensions`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/extensions)  folder tree where you will find the data for `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn` extension data that we maintain and provide for you.

 ## Generate your own unified hosts file

-**Note** if you are using Python 3, please install the dependencies with:
+To generate your own unified hosts file you will need Python 3.5 or later.
+
+First install the dependencies with:

    pip3 install --user -r requirements.txt

-**Note** if you are using Python 2, please install the dependencies with:
-
-    pip2 install --user -r requirements_python2.txt
-
 **Note** we recommend the `--user` flag which installs the required dependencies at the user level. More information about it can be found on pip [documentation](https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip_install/?highlight=--user#cmdoption-user).

 To run unit tests, in the top level directory, just run:

-    python testUpdateHostsFile.py
+    python3 testUpdateHostsFile.py

-The `updateHostsFile.py` script, which is Python 2.7 and Python 3-compatible,
-will generate a unified hosts file based on the sources in the local `data/`
-subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch updated
-versions (from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each
-source's folder). Otherwise, it will use the `hosts` file that's already there.
+The `updateHostsFile.py` script will generate a unified hosts file based on the sources in the 
+local `data/` subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch updated versions 
+(from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each source's folder). Otherwise, it 
+will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

 ### Usage

@@ -100,10 +120,6 @@ source's folder). Otherwise, it will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

    python3 updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]

-#### Using Python 2.7:
-
-    python updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]
-
 #### Command line options:

 `--help`, or `-h`: display help.
@@ -130,9 +146,8 @@ Only active when `--replace` is also active.
 `--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn`, or `-i nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn`: the IP address to use as the
 target.  Default is `0.0.0.0`.

-`--keepdomaincomments`, or `-k`: `false` (default) or `true`, keep the comments
-that appear on the same line as domains.  The default is `false` since some
-router-based implementations can't handle comments in-line with hosts.
+`--keepdomaincomments`, or `-k`: `true` (default) or `false`, keep the comments
+that appear on the same line as domains.  The default is `true`.

 `--noupdate`, or `-n`: skip fetching updates from hosts data sources.

@@ -208,11 +223,11 @@ Fork this hosts this repo and add your links to [https://github.com/StevenBlack/

 Then, submit a pull request.

-**WARNING**: this is less desireable than Option 1 because the ongoing curation falls on us and what you've just done is created more work for us.
+**WARNING**: this is less desirable than Option 1 because the ongoing curation falls on us and what you've just done is created more work for us.

 ### Option 3: create your own hosts list as a repo on Github

-If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existance of your remo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.
+If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existence of your repo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.


 ## What is a hosts file?
@@ -257,9 +272,9 @@ We tried that.  Using `0` doesn't work universally.
 To modify your current `hosts` file, look for it in the following places and modify it with a text
 editor.

-**Mac OS X, iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` folder.
+**Mac OS X, iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.

-**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` folder.
+**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.

 ## Updating hosts file on Windows

@@ -320,7 +335,9 @@ sc stop "Dnscache"

 Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

-**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo /etc/rc.d/init.d/nscd restart`
+**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+
+**Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`

 **Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`

@@ -330,6 +347,23 @@ Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

 **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`

+**RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
+
+**FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`
+
+To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:
+
+```
+sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
+sudo service nscd start
+```
+
+Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:
+
+```
+hosts: cache files dns
+```
+
 **Others**: Consult [this wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).

 ### Mac OS X
@@ -376,6 +410,8 @@ devices under a variety of operating systems.

 ## Interesting Applications

+* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources.     This is a very interesting project to setup yourself, or you can [buy one pre-loaded](https://uk.pi-supply.com/products/pi-hole-kit-network-wide-ad-blocker).
+
 * [Block ads and malware via local BIND9 DNS server](https://github.com/mueller-ma/block-ads-via-dns "Block ads and malware via local DNS server") (for Debian, Raspbian & Ubuntu): Set up a local DNS server with a `/etc/bind/named.conf.blocked` file, sourced from here.

 * [Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server](https://scripttiger.github.io/dualserver "Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server") (for BSD, Windows & Linux): Set up a blacklist for everyone on your network using the power of the unified hosts reformatted for DualServer. And if you're on Windows, this project also maintains an update script to make updating DualServer's blacklist even easier.
@@ -1,12 +1,29 @@
+----
+**Take Note!**  This version of the Hosts file generator, and tests, are for Python 3.5+ only.
+
+----
+
+![readme](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/36028424/40330477-9df2c2e0-5d7f-11e8-8ac8-511d719a5eae.png)
+
+[![latest release](https://img.shields.io/github/release/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/releases)
+[![license](https://img.shields.io/github/license/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/license.txt)
+[![repo size](https://img.shields.io/github/repo-size/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts)
+[![contributors](https://img.shields.io/github/contributors/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/graphs/contributors)
 [![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts)

+[![commits since last release](https://img.shields.io/github/commits-since/StevenBlack/hosts/latest.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+[![last commit](https://img.shields.io/github/last-commit/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+[![commit activity](https://img.shields.io/github/commit-activity/y/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+
+
 # Unified hosts file with gambling, social extensions

 This repository consolidates several reputable `hosts` files, and merges them
 into a unified hosts file with duplicates removed.  A variety of tailored hosts files are provided.

-* Last updated: **March 15 2018**.
-* Here's the [raw hosts file with gambling, social extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) containing 58,700 entries.
+* Last updated: **May 05 2019**.
+* Here's the [raw hosts file with gambling, social extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) containing 43,813 entries.
+* Logo by [@Tobaloidee](https://github.com/Tobaloidee).


 ### List of all hosts file variants
@@ -17,22 +34,22 @@ with Github download links.

 Host file recipe | Readme | Raw hosts | Unique domains | Non Github mirror
 ---------------- |:------:|:---------:|:--------------:|:-------------:
-Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 56,041 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 56,714 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 57,553 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 65,579 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 57,188 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 58,226 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 66,252 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 57,861 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 67,091 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 58,700 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 66,726 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 67,764 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 59,373 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 67,399 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 68,238 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 68,911 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 39,257 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 39,927 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 41,525 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 52,802 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 41,545 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 42,195 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 53,472 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 42,215 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 55,070 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 43,813 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 55,089 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 55,740 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 44,483 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 55,759 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 57,357 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 58,027 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)


 **Expectation**: These unified hosts files should serve all devices, regardless
@@ -43,54 +60,57 @@ of OS.
 Updated `hosts` files from the following locations are always unified and
 included:

-Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License
-----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:-------:|:-------:
-Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT 
-Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](http://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](http://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone' 
-add.Dead | Dead sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-add.Spam | Spam sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-Dan Pollock – someonewhocares.org | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](http://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](http://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution 
-MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 
-yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  
-Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | 'non-commercial with attribution' 
-CoinBlocker | Simple lists that can help prevent cryptomining in the browser or other applications |[link](https://github.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists/master/hosts_browser) | frequently | GPLv3 
-tyzbit | Microsoft tracking domains.  A fork of this repo providing additional data. |[link](https://github.com/tyzbit/hosts/blob/master/data/tyzbit/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tyzbit/hosts/master/data/tyzbit/hosts) | rarely |  
-UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |  
-add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/azet12/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | GPLv3 
-AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0 
-add.Risk | Risk content sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-Sinfonietta's gambling blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/gambling-hosts) | occasional | MIT 
-Sinfonietta's social media blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/social-hosts) | occasional | MIT 
+Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License | Issues
+-----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:----------------:|:-------:|:------:
+Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) 
+Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone'  | [issues](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/contact.php) 
+add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution  | [issues](hosts@someonewhocares.org) 
+MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0  | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com) 
+yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |   | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org) 
+Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | 'non-commercial with attribution'  | [issues](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/issues) 
+CoinBlocker | Simple lists that can help prevent cryptomining in the browser or other applications |[link](https://gitlab.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists) | [raw](https://zerodot1.gitlab.io/CoinBlockerLists/hosts_browser) | frequently | GPLv3  | [issues](https://gitlab.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists/issues) 
+UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |   | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/azet12/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | GPLv3  | [issues](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts/issues) 
+AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0  | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/AdAway/issues) 
+add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+Tiuxo hostlist - ads | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/ads) | occasional | CC BY 4.0  | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues) 
+Sinfonietta's gambling blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/gambling-hosts) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues) 
+Sinfonietta's social media blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/social-hosts) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues) 
+Tiuxo hostlist - social | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/social) | occasional | CC BY 4.0  | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues) 



 ## Extensions
-The unified hosts file is extensible.  You manage extensions by curating the
-`extensions/` folder tree. See the `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn` extension
-folders.
+The unified hosts file is extensible.  Extensions are used to block domains by category.  
+
+Extensions are optional, and are added to the base hosts file.  Extensions are combined in various ways wth the default hosts file, and the combined products are stored in the [`alternates`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates) folder.
+
+For example, you may want to block porn domains in addition to the adware and malware we block by default.  That hosts file is stored in the porn subfolder of the [`alternates`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates) folder.  
+
+Data for extensions is stored in the [`extensions`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/extensions) folder. You manage extensions by curating the
+[`extensions`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/extensions)  folder tree where you will find the data for `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn` extension data that we maintain and provide for you.

 ## Generate your own unified hosts file

-**Note** if you are using Python 3, please install the dependencies with:
+To generate your own unified hosts file you will need Python 3.5 or later.
+
+First install the dependencies with:

    pip3 install --user -r requirements.txt

-**Note** if you are using Python 2, please install the dependencies with:
-
-    pip2 install --user -r requirements_python2.txt
-
 **Note** we recommend the `--user` flag which installs the required dependencies at the user level. More information about it can be found on pip [documentation](https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip_install/?highlight=--user#cmdoption-user).

 To run unit tests, in the top level directory, just run:

-    python testUpdateHostsFile.py
+    python3 testUpdateHostsFile.py

-The `updateHostsFile.py` script, which is Python 2.7 and Python 3-compatible,
-will generate a unified hosts file based on the sources in the local `data/`
-subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch updated
-versions (from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each
-source's folder). Otherwise, it will use the `hosts` file that's already there.
+The `updateHostsFile.py` script will generate a unified hosts file based on the sources in the 
+local `data/` subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch updated versions 
+(from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each source's folder). Otherwise, it 
+will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

 ### Usage

@@ -98,10 +118,6 @@ source's folder). Otherwise, it will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

    python3 updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]

-#### Using Python 2.7:
-
-    python updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]
-
 #### Command line options:

 `--help`, or `-h`: display help.
@@ -128,9 +144,8 @@ Only active when `--replace` is also active.
 `--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn`, or `-i nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn`: the IP address to use as the
 target.  Default is `0.0.0.0`.

-`--keepdomaincomments`, or `-k`: `false` (default) or `true`, keep the comments
-that appear on the same line as domains.  The default is `false` since some
-router-based implementations can't handle comments in-line with hosts.
+`--keepdomaincomments`, or `-k`: `true` (default) or `false`, keep the comments
+that appear on the same line as domains.  The default is `true`.

 `--noupdate`, or `-n`: skip fetching updates from hosts data sources.

@@ -206,11 +221,11 @@ Fork this hosts this repo and add your links to [https://github.com/StevenBlack/

 Then, submit a pull request.

-**WARNING**: this is less desireable than Option 1 because the ongoing curation falls on us and what you've just done is created more work for us.
+**WARNING**: this is less desirable than Option 1 because the ongoing curation falls on us and what you've just done is created more work for us.

 ### Option 3: create your own hosts list as a repo on Github

-If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existance of your remo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.
+If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existence of your repo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.


 ## What is a hosts file?
@@ -255,9 +270,9 @@ We tried that.  Using `0` doesn't work universally.
 To modify your current `hosts` file, look for it in the following places and modify it with a text
 editor.

-**Mac OS X, iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` folder.
+**Mac OS X, iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.

-**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` folder.
+**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.

 ## Updating hosts file on Windows

@@ -318,7 +333,9 @@ sc stop "Dnscache"

 Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

-**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo /etc/rc.d/init.d/nscd restart`
+**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+
+**Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`

 **Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`

@@ -328,6 +345,23 @@ Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

 **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`

+**RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
+
+**FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`
+
+To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:
+
+```
+sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
+sudo service nscd start
+```
+
+Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:
+
+```
+hosts: cache files dns
+```
+
 **Others**: Consult [this wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).

 ### Mac OS X
@@ -374,6 +408,8 @@ devices under a variety of operating systems.

 ## Interesting Applications

+* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources.     This is a very interesting project to setup yourself, or you can [buy one pre-loaded](https://uk.pi-supply.com/products/pi-hole-kit-network-wide-ad-blocker).
+
 * [Block ads and malware via local BIND9 DNS server](https://github.com/mueller-ma/block-ads-via-dns "Block ads and malware via local DNS server") (for Debian, Raspbian & Ubuntu): Set up a local DNS server with a `/etc/bind/named.conf.blocked` file, sourced from here.

 * [Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server](https://scripttiger.github.io/dualserver "Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server") (for BSD, Windows & Linux): Set up a blacklist for everyone on your network using the power of the unified hosts reformatted for DualServer. And if you're on Windows, this project also maintains an update script to make updating DualServer's blacklist even easier.
@@ -1,12 +1,29 @@
+----
+**Take Note!**  This version of the Hosts file generator, and tests, are for Python 3.5+ only.
+
+----
+
+![readme](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/36028424/40330477-9df2c2e0-5d7f-11e8-8ac8-511d719a5eae.png)
+
+[![latest release](https://img.shields.io/github/release/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/releases)
+[![license](https://img.shields.io/github/license/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/license.txt)
+[![repo size](https://img.shields.io/github/repo-size/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts)
+[![contributors](https://img.shields.io/github/contributors/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/graphs/contributors)
 [![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts)

+[![commits since last release](https://img.shields.io/github/commits-since/StevenBlack/hosts/latest.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+[![last commit](https://img.shields.io/github/last-commit/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+[![commit activity](https://img.shields.io/github/commit-activity/y/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+
+
 # Unified hosts file with gambling extensions

 This repository consolidates several reputable `hosts` files, and merges them
 into a unified hosts file with duplicates removed.  A variety of tailored hosts files are provided.

-* Last updated: **March 15 2018**.
-* Here's the [raw hosts file with gambling extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) containing 57,553 entries.
+* Last updated: **May 05 2019**.
+* Here's the [raw hosts file with gambling extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) containing 41,525 entries.
+* Logo by [@Tobaloidee](https://github.com/Tobaloidee).


 ### List of all hosts file variants
@@ -17,22 +34,22 @@ with Github download links.

 Host file recipe | Readme | Raw hosts | Unique domains | Non Github mirror
 ---------------- |:------:|:---------:|:--------------:|:-------------:
-Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 56,041 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 56,714 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 57,553 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 65,579 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 57,188 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 58,226 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 66,252 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 57,861 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 67,091 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 58,700 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 66,726 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 67,764 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 59,373 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 67,399 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 68,238 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 68,911 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 39,257 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 39,927 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 41,525 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 52,802 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 41,545 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 42,195 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 53,472 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 42,215 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 55,070 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 43,813 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 55,089 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 55,740 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 44,483 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 55,759 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 57,357 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 58,027 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)


 **Expectation**: These unified hosts files should serve all devices, regardless
@@ -43,53 +60,55 @@ of OS.
 Updated `hosts` files from the following locations are always unified and
 included:

-Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License
-----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:-------:|:-------:
-Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT 
-Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](http://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](http://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone' 
-add.Dead | Dead sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-add.Spam | Spam sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-Dan Pollock – someonewhocares.org | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](http://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](http://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution 
-MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 
-yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  
-Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | 'non-commercial with attribution' 
-CoinBlocker | Simple lists that can help prevent cryptomining in the browser or other applications |[link](https://github.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists/master/hosts_browser) | frequently | GPLv3 
-tyzbit | Microsoft tracking domains.  A fork of this repo providing additional data. |[link](https://github.com/tyzbit/hosts/blob/master/data/tyzbit/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tyzbit/hosts/master/data/tyzbit/hosts) | rarely |  
-UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |  
-add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/azet12/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | GPLv3 
-AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0 
-add.Risk | Risk content sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-Sinfonietta's gambling blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/gambling-hosts) | occasional | MIT 
+Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License | Issues
+-----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:----------------:|:-------:|:------:
+Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) 
+Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone'  | [issues](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/contact.php) 
+add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution  | [issues](hosts@someonewhocares.org) 
+MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0  | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com) 
+yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |   | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org) 
+Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | 'non-commercial with attribution'  | [issues](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/issues) 
+CoinBlocker | Simple lists that can help prevent cryptomining in the browser or other applications |[link](https://gitlab.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists) | [raw](https://zerodot1.gitlab.io/CoinBlockerLists/hosts_browser) | frequently | GPLv3  | [issues](https://gitlab.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists/issues) 
+UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |   | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/azet12/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | GPLv3  | [issues](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts/issues) 
+AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0  | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/AdAway/issues) 
+add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+Tiuxo hostlist - ads | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/ads) | occasional | CC BY 4.0  | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues) 
+Sinfonietta's gambling blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/gambling-hosts) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues) 



 ## Extensions
-The unified hosts file is extensible.  You manage extensions by curating the
-`extensions/` folder tree. See the `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn` extension
-folders.
+The unified hosts file is extensible.  Extensions are used to block domains by category.  
+
+Extensions are optional, and are added to the base hosts file.  Extensions are combined in various ways wth the default hosts file, and the combined products are stored in the [`alternates`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates) folder.
+
+For example, you may want to block porn domains in addition to the adware and malware we block by default.  That hosts file is stored in the porn subfolder of the [`alternates`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates) folder.  
+
+Data for extensions is stored in the [`extensions`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/extensions) folder. You manage extensions by curating the
+[`extensions`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/extensions)  folder tree where you will find the data for `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn` extension data that we maintain and provide for you.

 ## Generate your own unified hosts file

-**Note** if you are using Python 3, please install the dependencies with:
+To generate your own unified hosts file you will need Python 3.5 or later.
+
+First install the dependencies with:

    pip3 install --user -r requirements.txt

-**Note** if you are using Python 2, please install the dependencies with:
-
-    pip2 install --user -r requirements_python2.txt
-
 **Note** we recommend the `--user` flag which installs the required dependencies at the user level. More information about it can be found on pip [documentation](https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip_install/?highlight=--user#cmdoption-user).

 To run unit tests, in the top level directory, just run:

-    python testUpdateHostsFile.py
+    python3 testUpdateHostsFile.py

-The `updateHostsFile.py` script, which is Python 2.7 and Python 3-compatible,
-will generate a unified hosts file based on the sources in the local `data/`
-subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch updated
-versions (from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each
-source's folder). Otherwise, it will use the `hosts` file that's already there.
+The `updateHostsFile.py` script will generate a unified hosts file based on the sources in the 
+local `data/` subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch updated versions 
+(from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each source's folder). Otherwise, it 
+will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

 ### Usage

@@ -97,10 +116,6 @@ source's folder). Otherwise, it will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

    python3 updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]

-#### Using Python 2.7:
-
-    python updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]
-
 #### Command line options:

 `--help`, or `-h`: display help.
@@ -127,9 +142,8 @@ Only active when `--replace` is also active.
 `--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn`, or `-i nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn`: the IP address to use as the
 target.  Default is `0.0.0.0`.

-`--keepdomaincomments`, or `-k`: `false` (default) or `true`, keep the comments
-that appear on the same line as domains.  The default is `false` since some
-router-based implementations can't handle comments in-line with hosts.
+`--keepdomaincomments`, or `-k`: `true` (default) or `false`, keep the comments
+that appear on the same line as domains.  The default is `true`.

 `--noupdate`, or `-n`: skip fetching updates from hosts data sources.

@@ -205,11 +219,11 @@ Fork this hosts this repo and add your links to [https://github.com/StevenBlack/

 Then, submit a pull request.

-**WARNING**: this is less desireable than Option 1 because the ongoing curation falls on us and what you've just done is created more work for us.
+**WARNING**: this is less desirable than Option 1 because the ongoing curation falls on us and what you've just done is created more work for us.

 ### Option 3: create your own hosts list as a repo on Github

-If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existance of your remo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.
+If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existence of your repo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.


 ## What is a hosts file?
@@ -254,9 +268,9 @@ We tried that.  Using `0` doesn't work universally.
 To modify your current `hosts` file, look for it in the following places and modify it with a text
 editor.

-**Mac OS X, iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` folder.
+**Mac OS X, iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.

-**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` folder.
+**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.

 ## Updating hosts file on Windows

@@ -317,7 +331,9 @@ sc stop "Dnscache"

 Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

-**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo /etc/rc.d/init.d/nscd restart`
+**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+
+**Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`

 **Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`

@@ -327,6 +343,23 @@ Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

 **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`

+**RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
+
+**FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`
+
+To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:
+
+```
+sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
+sudo service nscd start
+```
+
+Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:
+
+```
+hosts: cache files dns
+```
+
 **Others**: Consult [this wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).

 ### Mac OS X
@@ -373,6 +406,8 @@ devices under a variety of operating systems.

 ## Interesting Applications

+* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources.     This is a very interesting project to setup yourself, or you can [buy one pre-loaded](https://uk.pi-supply.com/products/pi-hole-kit-network-wide-ad-blocker).
+
 * [Block ads and malware via local BIND9 DNS server](https://github.com/mueller-ma/block-ads-via-dns "Block ads and malware via local DNS server") (for Debian, Raspbian & Ubuntu): Set up a local DNS server with a `/etc/bind/named.conf.blocked` file, sourced from here.

 * [Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server](https://scripttiger.github.io/dualserver "Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server") (for BSD, Windows & Linux): Set up a blacklist for everyone on your network using the power of the unified hosts reformatted for DualServer. And if you're on Windows, this project also maintains an update script to make updating DualServer's blacklist even easier.
@@ -1,12 +1,29 @@
+----
+**Take Note!**  This version of the Hosts file generator, and tests, are for Python 3.5+ only.
+
+----
+
+![readme](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/36028424/40330477-9df2c2e0-5d7f-11e8-8ac8-511d719a5eae.png)
+
+[![latest release](https://img.shields.io/github/release/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/releases)
+[![license](https://img.shields.io/github/license/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/license.txt)
+[![repo size](https://img.shields.io/github/repo-size/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts)
+[![contributors](https://img.shields.io/github/contributors/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/graphs/contributors)
 [![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts)

+[![commits since last release](https://img.shields.io/github/commits-since/StevenBlack/hosts/latest.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+[![last commit](https://img.shields.io/github/last-commit/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+[![commit activity](https://img.shields.io/github/commit-activity/y/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+
+
 # Unified hosts file with porn, social extensions

 This repository consolidates several reputable `hosts` files, and merges them
 into a unified hosts file with duplicates removed.  A variety of tailored hosts files are provided.

-* Last updated: **March 15 2018**.
-* Here's the [raw hosts file with porn, social extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) containing 66,726 entries.
+* Last updated: **May 05 2019**.
+* Here's the [raw hosts file with porn, social extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) containing 55,089 entries.
+* Logo by [@Tobaloidee](https://github.com/Tobaloidee).


 ### List of all hosts file variants
@@ -17,22 +34,22 @@ with Github download links.

 Host file recipe | Readme | Raw hosts | Unique domains | Non Github mirror
 ---------------- |:------:|:---------:|:--------------:|:-------------:
-Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 56,041 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 56,714 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 57,553 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 65,579 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 57,188 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 58,226 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 66,252 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 57,861 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 67,091 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 58,700 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 66,726 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 67,764 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 59,373 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 67,399 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 68,238 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 68,911 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 39,257 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 39,927 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 41,525 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 52,802 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 41,545 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 42,195 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 53,472 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 42,215 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 55,070 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 43,813 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 55,089 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 55,740 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 44,483 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 55,759 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 57,357 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 58,027 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)


 **Expectation**: These unified hosts files should serve all devices, regardless
@@ -43,56 +60,60 @@ of OS.
 Updated `hosts` files from the following locations are always unified and
 included:

-Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License
-----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:-------:|:-------:
-Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT 
-Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](http://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](http://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone' 
-add.Dead | Dead sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-add.Spam | Spam sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-Dan Pollock – someonewhocares.org | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](http://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](http://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution 
-MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 
-yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  
-Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | 'non-commercial with attribution' 
-CoinBlocker | Simple lists that can help prevent cryptomining in the browser or other applications |[link](https://github.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists/master/hosts_browser) | frequently | GPLv3 
-tyzbit | Microsoft tracking domains.  A fork of this repo providing additional data. |[link](https://github.com/tyzbit/hosts/blob/master/data/tyzbit/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tyzbit/hosts/master/data/tyzbit/hosts) | rarely |  
-UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |  
-add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/azet12/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | GPLv3 
-AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0 
-add.Risk | Risk content sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-Sinfonietta's snuff-site blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/snuff-hosts) | occasional | MIT 
-pornhosts -- a consolidated anti porn hosts file | This is an endeavour to find all porn domains and compile them into a single hosts to allow for easy blocking of porn on your local machine or on a network. |[link](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/master/0.0.0.0/hosts) | occasional | MIT 
-Sinfonietta's porn blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/pornography-hosts) | occasional | MIT 
-Sinfonietta's social media blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/social-hosts) | occasional | MIT 
+Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License | Issues
+-----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:----------------:|:-------:|:------:
+Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) 
+Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone'  | [issues](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/contact.php) 
+add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution  | [issues](hosts@someonewhocares.org) 
+MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0  | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com) 
+yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |   | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org) 
+Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | 'non-commercial with attribution'  | [issues](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/issues) 
+CoinBlocker | Simple lists that can help prevent cryptomining in the browser or other applications |[link](https://gitlab.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists) | [raw](https://zerodot1.gitlab.io/CoinBlockerLists/hosts_browser) | frequently | GPLv3  | [issues](https://gitlab.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists/issues) 
+UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |   | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/azet12/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | GPLv3  | [issues](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts/issues) 
+AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0  | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/AdAway/issues) 
+add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+Tiuxo hostlist - ads | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/ads) | occasional | CC BY 4.0  | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues) 
+Sinfonietta's snuff-site blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/snuff-hosts) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues) 
+pornhosts -- a consolidated anti porn hosts file | This is an endeavour to find all porn domains and compile them into a single hosts to allow for easy blocking of porn on your local machine or on a network. |[link](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/master/0.0.0.0/hosts) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/issues) 
+Sinfonietta's porn blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/pornography-hosts) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues) 
+Tiuxo hostlist - pornography | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/porn) | occasional | CC BY 4.0  | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues) 
+Sinfonietta's social media blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/social-hosts) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues) 
+Tiuxo hostlist - social | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/social) | occasional | CC BY 4.0  | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues) 



 ## Extensions
-The unified hosts file is extensible.  You manage extensions by curating the
-`extensions/` folder tree. See the `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn` extension
-folders.
+The unified hosts file is extensible.  Extensions are used to block domains by category.  
+
+Extensions are optional, and are added to the base hosts file.  Extensions are combined in various ways wth the default hosts file, and the combined products are stored in the [`alternates`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates) folder.
+
+For example, you may want to block porn domains in addition to the adware and malware we block by default.  That hosts file is stored in the porn subfolder of the [`alternates`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates) folder.  
+
+Data for extensions is stored in the [`extensions`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/extensions) folder. You manage extensions by curating the
+[`extensions`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/extensions)  folder tree where you will find the data for `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn` extension data that we maintain and provide for you.

 ## Generate your own unified hosts file

-**Note** if you are using Python 3, please install the dependencies with:
+To generate your own unified hosts file you will need Python 3.5 or later.
+
+First install the dependencies with:

    pip3 install --user -r requirements.txt

-**Note** if you are using Python 2, please install the dependencies with:
-
-    pip2 install --user -r requirements_python2.txt
-
 **Note** we recommend the `--user` flag which installs the required dependencies at the user level. More information about it can be found on pip [documentation](https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip_install/?highlight=--user#cmdoption-user).

 To run unit tests, in the top level directory, just run:

-    python testUpdateHostsFile.py
+    python3 testUpdateHostsFile.py

-The `updateHostsFile.py` script, which is Python 2.7 and Python 3-compatible,
-will generate a unified hosts file based on the sources in the local `data/`
-subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch updated
-versions (from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each
-source's folder). Otherwise, it will use the `hosts` file that's already there.
+The `updateHostsFile.py` script will generate a unified hosts file based on the sources in the 
+local `data/` subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch updated versions 
+(from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each source's folder). Otherwise, it 
+will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

 ### Usage

@@ -100,10 +121,6 @@ source's folder). Otherwise, it will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

    python3 updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]

-#### Using Python 2.7:
-
-    python updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]
-
 #### Command line options:

 `--help`, or `-h`: display help.
@@ -130,9 +147,8 @@ Only active when `--replace` is also active.
 `--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn`, or `-i nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn`: the IP address to use as the
 target.  Default is `0.0.0.0`.

-`--keepdomaincomments`, or `-k`: `false` (default) or `true`, keep the comments
-that appear on the same line as domains.  The default is `false` since some
-router-based implementations can't handle comments in-line with hosts.
+`--keepdomaincomments`, or `-k`: `true` (default) or `false`, keep the comments
+that appear on the same line as domains.  The default is `true`.

 `--noupdate`, or `-n`: skip fetching updates from hosts data sources.

@@ -208,11 +224,11 @@ Fork this hosts this repo and add your links to [https://github.com/StevenBlack/

 Then, submit a pull request.

-**WARNING**: this is less desireable than Option 1 because the ongoing curation falls on us and what you've just done is created more work for us.
+**WARNING**: this is less desirable than Option 1 because the ongoing curation falls on us and what you've just done is created more work for us.

 ### Option 3: create your own hosts list as a repo on Github

-If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existance of your remo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.
+If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existence of your repo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.


 ## What is a hosts file?
@@ -257,9 +273,9 @@ We tried that.  Using `0` doesn't work universally.
 To modify your current `hosts` file, look for it in the following places and modify it with a text
 editor.

-**Mac OS X, iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` folder.
+**Mac OS X, iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.

-**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` folder.
+**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.

 ## Updating hosts file on Windows

@@ -320,7 +336,9 @@ sc stop "Dnscache"

 Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

-**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo /etc/rc.d/init.d/nscd restart`
+**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+
+**Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`

 **Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`

@@ -330,6 +348,23 @@ Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

 **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`

+**RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
+
+**FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`
+
+To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:
+
+```
+sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
+sudo service nscd start
+```
+
+Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:
+
+```
+hosts: cache files dns
+```
+
 **Others**: Consult [this wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).

 ### Mac OS X
@@ -376,6 +411,8 @@ devices under a variety of operating systems.

 ## Interesting Applications

+* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources.     This is a very interesting project to setup yourself, or you can [buy one pre-loaded](https://uk.pi-supply.com/products/pi-hole-kit-network-wide-ad-blocker).
+
 * [Block ads and malware via local BIND9 DNS server](https://github.com/mueller-ma/block-ads-via-dns "Block ads and malware via local DNS server") (for Debian, Raspbian & Ubuntu): Set up a local DNS server with a `/etc/bind/named.conf.blocked` file, sourced from here.

 * [Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server](https://scripttiger.github.io/dualserver "Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server") (for BSD, Windows & Linux): Set up a blacklist for everyone on your network using the power of the unified hosts reformatted for DualServer. And if you're on Windows, this project also maintains an update script to make updating DualServer's blacklist even easier.
@@ -1,12 +1,29 @@
+----
+**Take Note!**  This version of the Hosts file generator, and tests, are for Python 3.5+ only.
+
+----
+
+![readme](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/36028424/40330477-9df2c2e0-5d7f-11e8-8ac8-511d719a5eae.png)
+
+[![latest release](https://img.shields.io/github/release/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/releases)
+[![license](https://img.shields.io/github/license/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/license.txt)
+[![repo size](https://img.shields.io/github/repo-size/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts)
+[![contributors](https://img.shields.io/github/contributors/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/graphs/contributors)
 [![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts)

+[![commits since last release](https://img.shields.io/github/commits-since/StevenBlack/hosts/latest.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+[![last commit](https://img.shields.io/github/last-commit/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+[![commit activity](https://img.shields.io/github/commit-activity/y/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+
+
 # Unified hosts file with porn extensions

 This repository consolidates several reputable `hosts` files, and merges them
 into a unified hosts file with duplicates removed.  A variety of tailored hosts files are provided.

-* Last updated: **March 15 2018**.
-* Here's the [raw hosts file with porn extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) containing 65,579 entries.
+* Last updated: **May 05 2019**.
+* Here's the [raw hosts file with porn extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) containing 52,802 entries.
+* Logo by [@Tobaloidee](https://github.com/Tobaloidee).


 ### List of all hosts file variants
@@ -17,22 +34,22 @@ with Github download links.

 Host file recipe | Readme | Raw hosts | Unique domains | Non Github mirror
 ---------------- |:------:|:---------:|:--------------:|:-------------:
-Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 56,041 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 56,714 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 57,553 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 65,579 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 57,188 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 58,226 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 66,252 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 57,861 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 67,091 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 58,700 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 66,726 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 67,764 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 59,373 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 67,399 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 68,238 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 68,911 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 39,257 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 39,927 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 41,525 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 52,802 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 41,545 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 42,195 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 53,472 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 42,215 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 55,070 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 43,813 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 55,089 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 55,740 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 44,483 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 55,759 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 57,357 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 58,027 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)


 **Expectation**: These unified hosts files should serve all devices, regardless
@@ -43,55 +60,58 @@ of OS.
 Updated `hosts` files from the following locations are always unified and
 included:

-Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License
-----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:-------:|:-------:
-Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT 
-Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](http://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](http://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone' 
-add.Dead | Dead sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-add.Spam | Spam sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-Dan Pollock – someonewhocares.org | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](http://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](http://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution 
-MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 
-yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  
-Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | 'non-commercial with attribution' 
-CoinBlocker | Simple lists that can help prevent cryptomining in the browser or other applications |[link](https://github.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists/master/hosts_browser) | frequently | GPLv3 
-tyzbit | Microsoft tracking domains.  A fork of this repo providing additional data. |[link](https://github.com/tyzbit/hosts/blob/master/data/tyzbit/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tyzbit/hosts/master/data/tyzbit/hosts) | rarely |  
-UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |  
-add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/azet12/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | GPLv3 
-AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0 
-add.Risk | Risk content sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-Sinfonietta's snuff-site blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/snuff-hosts) | occasional | MIT 
-pornhosts -- a consolidated anti porn hosts file | This is an endeavour to find all porn domains and compile them into a single hosts to allow for easy blocking of porn on your local machine or on a network. |[link](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/master/0.0.0.0/hosts) | occasional | MIT 
-Sinfonietta's porn blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/pornography-hosts) | occasional | MIT 
+Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License | Issues
+-----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:----------------:|:-------:|:------:
+Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) 
+Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone'  | [issues](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/contact.php) 
+add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution  | [issues](hosts@someonewhocares.org) 
+MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0  | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com) 
+yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |   | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org) 
+Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | 'non-commercial with attribution'  | [issues](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/issues) 
+CoinBlocker | Simple lists that can help prevent cryptomining in the browser or other applications |[link](https://gitlab.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists) | [raw](https://zerodot1.gitlab.io/CoinBlockerLists/hosts_browser) | frequently | GPLv3  | [issues](https://gitlab.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists/issues) 
+UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |   | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/azet12/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | GPLv3  | [issues](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts/issues) 
+AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0  | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/AdAway/issues) 
+add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+Tiuxo hostlist - ads | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/ads) | occasional | CC BY 4.0  | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues) 
+Sinfonietta's snuff-site blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/snuff-hosts) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues) 
+pornhosts -- a consolidated anti porn hosts file | This is an endeavour to find all porn domains and compile them into a single hosts to allow for easy blocking of porn on your local machine or on a network. |[link](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/master/0.0.0.0/hosts) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/Clefspeare13/pornhosts/issues) 
+Sinfonietta's porn blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/pornography-hosts) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues) 
+Tiuxo hostlist - pornography | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/porn) | occasional | CC BY 4.0  | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues) 



 ## Extensions
-The unified hosts file is extensible.  You manage extensions by curating the
-`extensions/` folder tree. See the `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn` extension
-folders.
+The unified hosts file is extensible.  Extensions are used to block domains by category.  
+
+Extensions are optional, and are added to the base hosts file.  Extensions are combined in various ways wth the default hosts file, and the combined products are stored in the [`alternates`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates) folder.
+
+For example, you may want to block porn domains in addition to the adware and malware we block by default.  That hosts file is stored in the porn subfolder of the [`alternates`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates) folder.  
+
+Data for extensions is stored in the [`extensions`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/extensions) folder. You manage extensions by curating the
+[`extensions`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/extensions)  folder tree where you will find the data for `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn` extension data that we maintain and provide for you.

 ## Generate your own unified hosts file

-**Note** if you are using Python 3, please install the dependencies with:
+To generate your own unified hosts file you will need Python 3.5 or later.
+
+First install the dependencies with:

    pip3 install --user -r requirements.txt

-**Note** if you are using Python 2, please install the dependencies with:
-
-    pip2 install --user -r requirements_python2.txt
-
 **Note** we recommend the `--user` flag which installs the required dependencies at the user level. More information about it can be found on pip [documentation](https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip_install/?highlight=--user#cmdoption-user).

 To run unit tests, in the top level directory, just run:

-    python testUpdateHostsFile.py
+    python3 testUpdateHostsFile.py

-The `updateHostsFile.py` script, which is Python 2.7 and Python 3-compatible,
-will generate a unified hosts file based on the sources in the local `data/`
-subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch updated
-versions (from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each
-source's folder). Otherwise, it will use the `hosts` file that's already there.
+The `updateHostsFile.py` script will generate a unified hosts file based on the sources in the 
+local `data/` subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch updated versions 
+(from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each source's folder). Otherwise, it 
+will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

 ### Usage

@@ -99,10 +119,6 @@ source's folder). Otherwise, it will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

    python3 updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]

-#### Using Python 2.7:
-
-    python updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]
-
 #### Command line options:

 `--help`, or `-h`: display help.
@@ -129,9 +145,8 @@ Only active when `--replace` is also active.
 `--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn`, or `-i nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn`: the IP address to use as the
 target.  Default is `0.0.0.0`.

-`--keepdomaincomments`, or `-k`: `false` (default) or `true`, keep the comments
-that appear on the same line as domains.  The default is `false` since some
-router-based implementations can't handle comments in-line with hosts.
+`--keepdomaincomments`, or `-k`: `true` (default) or `false`, keep the comments
+that appear on the same line as domains.  The default is `true`.

 `--noupdate`, or `-n`: skip fetching updates from hosts data sources.

@@ -207,11 +222,11 @@ Fork this hosts this repo and add your links to [https://github.com/StevenBlack/

 Then, submit a pull request.

-**WARNING**: this is less desireable than Option 1 because the ongoing curation falls on us and what you've just done is created more work for us.
+**WARNING**: this is less desirable than Option 1 because the ongoing curation falls on us and what you've just done is created more work for us.

 ### Option 3: create your own hosts list as a repo on Github

-If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existance of your remo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.
+If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existence of your repo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.


 ## What is a hosts file?
@@ -256,9 +271,9 @@ We tried that.  Using `0` doesn't work universally.
 To modify your current `hosts` file, look for it in the following places and modify it with a text
 editor.

-**Mac OS X, iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` folder.
+**Mac OS X, iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.

-**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` folder.
+**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.

 ## Updating hosts file on Windows

@@ -319,7 +334,9 @@ sc stop "Dnscache"

 Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

-**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo /etc/rc.d/init.d/nscd restart`
+**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+
+**Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`

 **Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`

@@ -329,6 +346,23 @@ Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

 **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`

+**RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
+
+**FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`
+
+To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:
+
+```
+sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
+sudo service nscd start
+```
+
+Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:
+
+```
+hosts: cache files dns
+```
+
 **Others**: Consult [this wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).

 ### Mac OS X
@@ -375,6 +409,8 @@ devices under a variety of operating systems.

 ## Interesting Applications

+* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources.     This is a very interesting project to setup yourself, or you can [buy one pre-loaded](https://uk.pi-supply.com/products/pi-hole-kit-network-wide-ad-blocker).
+
 * [Block ads and malware via local BIND9 DNS server](https://github.com/mueller-ma/block-ads-via-dns "Block ads and malware via local DNS server") (for Debian, Raspbian & Ubuntu): Set up a local DNS server with a `/etc/bind/named.conf.blocked` file, sourced from here.

 * [Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server](https://scripttiger.github.io/dualserver "Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server") (for BSD, Windows & Linux): Set up a blacklist for everyone on your network using the power of the unified hosts reformatted for DualServer. And if you're on Windows, this project also maintains an update script to make updating DualServer's blacklist even easier.
@@ -1,12 +1,29 @@
+----
+**Take Note!**  This version of the Hosts file generator, and tests, are for Python 3.5+ only.
+
+----
+
+![readme](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/36028424/40330477-9df2c2e0-5d7f-11e8-8ac8-511d719a5eae.png)
+
+[![latest release](https://img.shields.io/github/release/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/releases)
+[![license](https://img.shields.io/github/license/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/license.txt)
+[![repo size](https://img.shields.io/github/repo-size/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts)
+[![contributors](https://img.shields.io/github/contributors/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/graphs/contributors)
 [![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts)

+[![commits since last release](https://img.shields.io/github/commits-since/StevenBlack/hosts/latest.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+[![last commit](https://img.shields.io/github/last-commit/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+[![commit activity](https://img.shields.io/github/commit-activity/y/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+
+
 # Unified hosts file with social extensions

 This repository consolidates several reputable `hosts` files, and merges them
 into a unified hosts file with duplicates removed.  A variety of tailored hosts files are provided.

-* Last updated: **March 15 2018**.
-* Here's the [raw hosts file with social extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) containing 57,188 entries.
+* Last updated: **May 05 2019**.
+* Here's the [raw hosts file with social extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) containing 41,545 entries.
+* Logo by [@Tobaloidee](https://github.com/Tobaloidee).


 ### List of all hosts file variants
@@ -17,22 +34,22 @@ with Github download links.

 Host file recipe | Readme | Raw hosts | Unique domains | Non Github mirror
 ---------------- |:------:|:---------:|:--------------:|:-------------:
-Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 56,041 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 56,714 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 57,553 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 65,579 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 57,188 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 58,226 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 66,252 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 57,861 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 67,091 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 58,700 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 66,726 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 67,764 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 59,373 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 67,399 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 68,238 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 68,911 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 39,257 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 39,927 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 41,525 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 52,802 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 41,545 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 42,195 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 53,472 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 42,215 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 55,070 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 43,813 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 55,089 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 55,740 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 44,483 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 55,759 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 57,357 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 58,027 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)


 **Expectation**: These unified hosts files should serve all devices, regardless
@@ -43,53 +60,56 @@ of OS.
 Updated `hosts` files from the following locations are always unified and
 included:

-Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License
-----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:-------:|:-------:
-Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT 
-Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](http://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](http://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone' 
-add.Dead | Dead sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-add.Spam | Spam sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-Dan Pollock – someonewhocares.org | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](http://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](http://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution 
-MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 
-yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  
-Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | 'non-commercial with attribution' 
-CoinBlocker | Simple lists that can help prevent cryptomining in the browser or other applications |[link](https://github.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists/master/hosts_browser) | frequently | GPLv3 
-tyzbit | Microsoft tracking domains.  A fork of this repo providing additional data. |[link](https://github.com/tyzbit/hosts/blob/master/data/tyzbit/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tyzbit/hosts/master/data/tyzbit/hosts) | rarely |  
-UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |  
-add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/azet12/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | GPLv3 
-AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0 
-add.Risk | Risk content sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-Sinfonietta's social media blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/social-hosts) | occasional | MIT 
+Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License | Issues
+-----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:----------------:|:-------:|:------:
+Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) 
+Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone'  | [issues](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/contact.php) 
+add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution  | [issues](hosts@someonewhocares.org) 
+MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0  | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com) 
+yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |   | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org) 
+Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | 'non-commercial with attribution'  | [issues](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/issues) 
+CoinBlocker | Simple lists that can help prevent cryptomining in the browser or other applications |[link](https://gitlab.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists) | [raw](https://zerodot1.gitlab.io/CoinBlockerLists/hosts_browser) | frequently | GPLv3  | [issues](https://gitlab.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists/issues) 
+UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |   | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/azet12/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | GPLv3  | [issues](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts/issues) 
+AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0  | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/AdAway/issues) 
+add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+Tiuxo hostlist - ads | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/ads) | occasional | CC BY 4.0  | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues) 
+Sinfonietta's social media blocking hosts file | A collection of category-specific host files. |[link](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/master/social-hosts) | occasional | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/issues) 
+Tiuxo hostlist - social | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/social) | occasional | CC BY 4.0  | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues) 



 ## Extensions
-The unified hosts file is extensible.  You manage extensions by curating the
-`extensions/` folder tree. See the `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn` extension
-folders.
+The unified hosts file is extensible.  Extensions are used to block domains by category.  
+
+Extensions are optional, and are added to the base hosts file.  Extensions are combined in various ways wth the default hosts file, and the combined products are stored in the [`alternates`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates) folder.
+
+For example, you may want to block porn domains in addition to the adware and malware we block by default.  That hosts file is stored in the porn subfolder of the [`alternates`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates) folder.  
+
+Data for extensions is stored in the [`extensions`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/extensions) folder. You manage extensions by curating the
+[`extensions`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/extensions)  folder tree where you will find the data for `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn` extension data that we maintain and provide for you.

 ## Generate your own unified hosts file

-**Note** if you are using Python 3, please install the dependencies with:
+To generate your own unified hosts file you will need Python 3.5 or later.
+
+First install the dependencies with:

    pip3 install --user -r requirements.txt

-**Note** if you are using Python 2, please install the dependencies with:
-
-    pip2 install --user -r requirements_python2.txt
-
 **Note** we recommend the `--user` flag which installs the required dependencies at the user level. More information about it can be found on pip [documentation](https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip_install/?highlight=--user#cmdoption-user).

 To run unit tests, in the top level directory, just run:

-    python testUpdateHostsFile.py
+    python3 testUpdateHostsFile.py

-The `updateHostsFile.py` script, which is Python 2.7 and Python 3-compatible,
-will generate a unified hosts file based on the sources in the local `data/`
-subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch updated
-versions (from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each
-source's folder). Otherwise, it will use the `hosts` file that's already there.
+The `updateHostsFile.py` script will generate a unified hosts file based on the sources in the 
+local `data/` subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch updated versions 
+(from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each source's folder). Otherwise, it 
+will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

 ### Usage

@@ -97,10 +117,6 @@ source's folder). Otherwise, it will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

    python3 updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]

-#### Using Python 2.7:
-
-    python updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]
-
 #### Command line options:

 `--help`, or `-h`: display help.
@@ -127,9 +143,8 @@ Only active when `--replace` is also active.
 `--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn`, or `-i nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn`: the IP address to use as the
 target.  Default is `0.0.0.0`.

-`--keepdomaincomments`, or `-k`: `false` (default) or `true`, keep the comments
-that appear on the same line as domains.  The default is `false` since some
-router-based implementations can't handle comments in-line with hosts.
+`--keepdomaincomments`, or `-k`: `true` (default) or `false`, keep the comments
+that appear on the same line as domains.  The default is `true`.

 `--noupdate`, or `-n`: skip fetching updates from hosts data sources.

@@ -205,11 +220,11 @@ Fork this hosts this repo and add your links to [https://github.com/StevenBlack/

 Then, submit a pull request.

-**WARNING**: this is less desireable than Option 1 because the ongoing curation falls on us and what you've just done is created more work for us.
+**WARNING**: this is less desirable than Option 1 because the ongoing curation falls on us and what you've just done is created more work for us.

 ### Option 3: create your own hosts list as a repo on Github

-If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existance of your remo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.
+If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existence of your repo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.


 ## What is a hosts file?
@@ -254,9 +269,9 @@ We tried that.  Using `0` doesn't work universally.
 To modify your current `hosts` file, look for it in the following places and modify it with a text
 editor.

-**Mac OS X, iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` folder.
+**Mac OS X, iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.

-**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` folder.
+**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.

 ## Updating hosts file on Windows

@@ -317,7 +332,9 @@ sc stop "Dnscache"

 Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

-**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo /etc/rc.d/init.d/nscd restart`
+**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+
+**Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`

 **Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`

@@ -327,6 +344,23 @@ Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

 **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`

+**RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
+
+**FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`
+
+To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:
+
+```
+sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
+sudo service nscd start
+```
+
+Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:
+
+```
+hosts: cache files dns
+```
+
 **Others**: Consult [this wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).

 ### Mac OS X
@@ -373,6 +407,8 @@ devices under a variety of operating systems.

 ## Interesting Applications

+* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources.     This is a very interesting project to setup yourself, or you can [buy one pre-loaded](https://uk.pi-supply.com/products/pi-hole-kit-network-wide-ad-blocker).
+
 * [Block ads and malware via local BIND9 DNS server](https://github.com/mueller-ma/block-ads-via-dns "Block ads and malware via local DNS server") (for Debian, Raspbian & Ubuntu): Set up a local DNS server with a `/etc/bind/named.conf.blocked` file, sourced from here.

 * [Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server](https://scripttiger.github.io/dualserver "Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server") (for BSD, Windows & Linux): Set up a blacklist for everyone on your network using the power of the unified hosts reformatted for DualServer. And if you're on Windows, this project also maintains an update script to make updating DualServer's blacklist even easier.
@@ -3,4 +3,4 @@
 echo "Linting repository..."
 source activate hosts

-flake8
+flake8 --max-line-length 120
@@ -5,4 +5,4 @@ conda create -n hosts python=$PYTHON_VERSION || exit 1
 source activate hosts

 echo "Installing packages..."
-conda install mock flake8 beautifulsoup4 lxml
+conda install flake8 beautifulsoup4 lxml
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 {
    "name": "CoinBlocker",
    "description": "Simple lists that can help prevent cryptomining in the browser or other applications",
-    "homeurl": "https://github.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists",
+    "homeurl": "https://gitlab.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists",
    "frequency": "frequently",
-    "issues": "https://github.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists/issues",
-    "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists/master/hosts_browser",
+    "issues": "https://gitlab.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists/issues",
+    "url": "https://zerodot1.gitlab.io/CoinBlockerLists/hosts_browser",
    "license": "GPLv3"
-}
+}
@@ -1,13 +1,8 @@
-### Extra rules for @StevenBlack 's hosts project 
-### https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras
-### UncheckyAds
-
 0.0.0.0 cdn.appround.biz
 0.0.0.0 cdn.download.sweetpacks.com
 0.0.0.0 cdn.insta.playbryte.com
 0.0.0.0 cdn.msdwnld.com
 0.0.0.0 cdn.mypcbackup.com
-0.0.0.0 d3oxtn1x3b8d7i.cloudfront.net
 0.0.0.0 inno.bisrv.com
 0.0.0.0 installer.betterinstaller.com
 0.0.0.0 installer.filebulldog.com
@@ -1,27 +1,28 @@
-### Extra rules for @StevenBlack 's hosts project 
-### https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras
-### 2o7Net tracking sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content.
-### http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/that-mysterious-2o7-net-tracking-cookie-all-you-need-to-know/
-### https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omniture
-
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 {
    "name": "add.2o7Net",
-    "description": "2o7Net tracking sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content.",
+    "description": "2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content.",
    "homeurl": "https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras",
    "frequency": "occasionally",
    "issues": "https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues",
@@ -1,25 +1,20 @@
-### Extra rules for @StevenBlack 's hosts project 
-### https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras
-### Dead sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content.
-
-0.0.0.0 analytic-google.com
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-0.0.0.0 www.analytic-google.com
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-0.0.0.0 wwwfacebook.com
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
    "name": "add.Dead",
-    "description": "Dead sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content.",
+    "description": "Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content.",
    "homeurl": "https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras",
    "frequency": "occasionally",
    "issues": "https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues",
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
    "name": "add.Risk",
-    "description": "Risk content sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content.",
+    "description": "Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content.",
    "homeurl": "https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras",
    "frequency": "occasionally",
    "issues": "https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues",
@@ -1,107 +1,74 @@
-### Extra rules for @StevenBlack 's hosts project 
-### https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras
-### SPAM sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content.
-# File generated with https://github.com/funilrys/PyFunceble
-# Date of generation: Mon 12 Feb 14:02:56 UTC 2018 
-
-0.0.0.0 100.1qingdao.com 
-0.0.0.0 7minuteworkout.com 
-0.0.0.0 addshoppers.com 
-0.0.0.0 affiliatecashpile.go2jump.org 
-0.0.0.0 amoxicillin-amoxil-buy.com 
-0.0.0.0 arklighting.co 
-0.0.0.0 beaverday.biz 
-0.0.0.0 bigpayout.go2jump.org 
-0.0.0.0 brandedleadgeneration.com 
-0.0.0.0 buylasix-online.net 
-0.0.0.0 clicktshirtprinting.co.uk 
-0.0.0.0 creditauthpagev3.info 
-0.0.0.0 credomobile.com 
-0.0.0.0 dandingo.go2jump.org 
-0.0.0.0 defenderxtactical.com 
-0.0.0.0 divisioncore.com 
-0.0.0.0 ebaychristmas.com 
-0.0.0.0 email.otherinbox.com 
-0.0.0.0 fitnesshealthreporter.com 
-0.0.0.0 freeforums.org 
-0.0.0.0 generic-onlinenexium.net 
-0.0.0.0 genericnexium40mg.net 
-0.0.0.0 go2jump.org 
-0.0.0.0 gtradersoft.com 
-0.0.0.0 heartrevitalized.com 
-0.0.0.0 hudsonleadership.com 
-0.0.0.0 janeaustenjoy.com 
-0.0.0.0 jnwky.misterjoy.ru 
-0.0.0.0 lazyprofits.go2jump.org 
-0.0.0.0 link.credomobile.com 
-0.0.0.0 medtecchina.com 
-0.0.0.0 misterjoy.ru 
-0.0.0.0 motoren.ru 
-0.0.0.0 mydreamdegree.com 
-0.0.0.0 nero-us.com 
-0.0.0.0 news.nero-emea.com 
-0.0.0.0 news.nero-us.com 
-0.0.0.0 novastarled.com 
-0.0.0.0 offerscience.go2jump.org 
-0.0.0.0 online-buyprednisone.com 
-0.0.0.0 onlineloan-personal.net 
-0.0.0.0 otherinbox.com 
-0.0.0.0 pcbutts1-therealtruth.blogspot.com 
-0.0.0.0 playlott.com 
-0.0.0.0 pngjmz.misterjoy.ru 
-0.0.0.0 preligions.com 
-0.0.0.0 profitsitesbiz.com 
-0.0.0.0 quickloanbank.com 
-0.0.0.0 redhotfreebies.co.uk 
-0.0.0.0 reverse-mortgage-info.com 
-0.0.0.0 securesignupoffers.org 
-0.0.0.0 sghu.misterjoy.ru 
-0.0.0.0 stsoftware.biz 
-0.0.0.0 tekindustri.upnjatim.ac.id 
-0.0.0.0 thedatingconference.com 
-0.0.0.0 tinaborg.com 
-0.0.0.0 unionleisurewear.com 
-0.0.0.0 va.tawk.to 
-0.0.0.0 vntanktransport.com 
-0.0.0.0 vp5.sudohost.com.br 
-0.0.0.0 vydoxtrial.com 
-0.0.0.0 whiteboxin.com 
-0.0.0.0 www.7minuteworkout.com 
-0.0.0.0 www.addshoppers.com 
-0.0.0.0 www.arklighting.co 
-0.0.0.0 www.beaverday.biz 
-0.0.0.0 www.brandedleadgeneration.com 
-0.0.0.0 www.clicktshirtprinting.co.uk 
-0.0.0.0 www.creditauthpagev3.info 
-0.0.0.0 www.credomobile.com 
-0.0.0.0 www.defenderxtactical.com 
-0.0.0.0 www.divisioncore.com 
-0.0.0.0 www.fitnesshealthreporter.com 
-0.0.0.0 www.freeforums.org 
-0.0.0.0 www.go2jump.org 
-0.0.0.0 www.gtradersoft.com 
-0.0.0.0 www.heartrevitalized.com 
-0.0.0.0 www.hudsonleadership.com 
-0.0.0.0 www.janeaustenjoy.com 
-0.0.0.0 www.medtecchina.com 
-0.0.0.0 www.misterjoy.ru 
-0.0.0.0 www.motoren.ru 
-0.0.0.0 www.mydreamdegree.com 
-0.0.0.0 www.nero-us.com 
-0.0.0.0 www.novastarled.com 
-0.0.0.0 www.onlineloan-personal.net 
-0.0.0.0 www.otherinbox.com 
-0.0.0.0 www.oz-offers.com 
-0.0.0.0 www.playlott.com 
-0.0.0.0 www.profitsitesbiz.com 
-0.0.0.0 www.redhotfreebies.co.uk 
-0.0.0.0 www.securesignupoffers.org 
-0.0.0.0 www.stsoftware.biz 
-0.0.0.0 www.thedatingconference.com 
-0.0.0.0 www.tinaborg.com 
-0.0.0.0 www.tkdami.net 
-0.0.0.0 www.unionleisurewear.com 
-0.0.0.0 www.vntanktransport.com 
-0.0.0.0 www.vydoxtrial.com 
-0.0.0.0 www.whiteboxin.com 
-0.0.0.0 xyrjtq.misterjoy.ru 
+0.0.0.0 100.1qingdao.com
+0.0.0.0 7minuteworkout.com
+0.0.0.0 addshoppers.com
+0.0.0.0 affiliatecashpile.go2jump.org
+0.0.0.0 arklighting.co
+0.0.0.0 bigpayout.go2jump.org
+0.0.0.0 brandedleadgeneration.com
+0.0.0.0 clicktshirtprinting.co.uk
+0.0.0.0 creditauthpagev3.info
+0.0.0.0 dandingo.go2jump.org
+0.0.0.0 defenderxtactical.com
+0.0.0.0 divisioncore.com
+0.0.0.0 fitnesshealthreporter.com
+0.0.0.0 freeforums.org
+0.0.0.0 go2jump.org
+0.0.0.0 gtradersoft.com
+0.0.0.0 heartrevitalized.com
+0.0.0.0 janeaustenjoy.com
+0.0.0.0 lazyprofits.go2jump.org
+0.0.0.0 medtecchina.com
+0.0.0.0 motoren.ru
+0.0.0.0 mydreamdegree.com
+0.0.0.0 nero-us.com
+0.0.0.0 news.nero-emea.com
+0.0.0.0 news.nero-us.com
+0.0.0.0 novastarled.com
+0.0.0.0 offerscience.go2jump.org
+0.0.0.0 onlineloan-personal.net
+0.0.0.0 otherinbox.com
+0.0.0.0 pcbutts1-therealtruth.blogspot.com
+0.0.0.0 playlott.com
+0.0.0.0 profitsitesbiz.com
+0.0.0.0 redhotfreebies.co.uk
+0.0.0.0 securesignupoffers.org
+0.0.0.0 stsoftware.biz
+0.0.0.0 tekindustri.upnjatim.ac.id
+0.0.0.0 thedatingconference.com
+0.0.0.0 tinaborg.com
+0.0.0.0 unionleisurewear.com
+0.0.0.0 va.tawk.to
+0.0.0.0 vntanktransport.com
+0.0.0.0 vydoxtrial.com
+0.0.0.0 www.7minuteworkout.com
+0.0.0.0 www.addshoppers.com
+0.0.0.0 www.arklighting.co
+0.0.0.0 www.brandedleadgeneration.com
+0.0.0.0 www.clicktshirtprinting.co.uk
+0.0.0.0 www.creditauthpagev3.info
+0.0.0.0 www.defenderxtactical.com
+0.0.0.0 www.divisioncore.com
+0.0.0.0 www.fitnesshealthreporter.com
+0.0.0.0 www.freeforums.org
+0.0.0.0 www.go2jump.org
+0.0.0.0 www.gtradersoft.com
+0.0.0.0 www.heartrevitalized.com
+0.0.0.0 www.janeaustenjoy.com
+0.0.0.0 www.medtecchina.com
+0.0.0.0 www.motoren.ru
+0.0.0.0 www.mydreamdegree.com
+0.0.0.0 www.nero-us.com
+0.0.0.0 www.novastarled.com
+0.0.0.0 www.onlineloan-personal.net
+0.0.0.0 www.otherinbox.com
+0.0.0.0 www.oz-offers.com
+0.0.0.0 www.playlott.com
+0.0.0.0 www.profitsitesbiz.com
+0.0.0.0 www.securesignupoffers.org
+0.0.0.0 www.stsoftware.biz
+0.0.0.0 www.thedatingconference.com
+0.0.0.0 www.tinaborg.com
+0.0.0.0 www.tkdami.net
+0.0.0.0 www.unionleisurewear.com
+0.0.0.0 www.vntanktransport.com
+0.0.0.0 www.vydoxtrial.com
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
    "name": "add.Spam",
-    "description": "Spam sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content.",
+    "description": "Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content.",
    "homeurl": "https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras",
    "frequency": "occasionally",
    "issues": "https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues",
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #               MalwareDomainList.com Hosts List           #
 #   http://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt   #
-#         Last updated: Wed, 07 Mar 18 15:29:21 +0000      #
+#         Last updated: Thu, 21 Feb 19 17:45:13 +0000      #


 127.0.0.1  localhost
@@ -60,7 +60,6 @@
 127.0.0.1  analxxxclipsyjh.dnset.com
 127.0.0.1  anshrit.com
 127.0.0.1  antalya.ru
-127.0.0.1  apexgames.org
 127.0.0.1  app.pho8.com
 127.0.0.1  arkinsoftware.in
 127.0.0.1  art-archiv.ru
@@ -69,7 +68,6 @@
 127.0.0.1  associatesexports.com
 127.0.0.1  atlcourier.com
 127.0.0.1  atyss.barginginfrance.net
-127.0.0.1  avokka.com
 127.0.0.1  avppet.com
 127.0.0.1  axisbuild.com
 127.0.0.1  azoos.csheaven.com
@@ -148,7 +146,6 @@
 127.0.0.1  d1.kuai8.com
 127.0.0.1  d1054130-28095.cp.blacknight.com
 127.0.0.1  d1171912.cp.blacknight.com
-127.0.0.1  d32k27yvyi4kmv.cloudfront.net
 127.0.0.1  d4.cumshots.ws
 127.0.0.1  dancecourt.com
 127.0.0.1  daralasnan.com
@@ -227,7 +224,6 @@
 127.0.0.1  ex.technor.com
 127.0.0.1  exclaim.goldenteamacademy.cl
 127.0.0.1  executivecoaching.co.il
-127.0.0.1  exsexytop.tk
 127.0.0.1  extreembilisim.com
 127.0.0.1  f.gj555.net
 127.0.0.1  faiyazahmed.com
@@ -243,7 +239,6 @@
 127.0.0.1  files.dsnetwb.com
 127.0.0.1  finnhair.co.uk
 127.0.0.1  firehouse651.com
-127.0.0.1  fkhfgfg.tk
 127.0.0.1  flashsavant.com
 127.0.0.1  fo5.a1-downloader.org
 127.0.0.1  fondazioneciampi.org
@@ -275,7 +270,6 @@
 127.0.0.1  gyboo.cruisingsmallship.com
 127.0.0.1  gylra.cruisingsmallship.com
 127.0.0.1  h1666015.stratoserver.net
-127.0.0.1  hana-naveh.com
 127.0.0.1  hanulsms.com
 127.0.0.1  hardcorepornparty.com
 127.0.0.1  harshwhispers.com
@@ -284,7 +278,6 @@
 127.0.0.1  helesouurusa.cjb.com
 127.0.0.1  hexadl.line55.net
 127.0.0.1  higher.dwebsi.tk
-127.0.0.1  highflyingfood.com
 127.0.0.1  hinsib.com
 127.0.0.1  hmora.fred-build.tk
 127.0.0.1  hnskorea.co.kr
@@ -337,7 +330,6 @@
 127.0.0.1  izzy-cars.nl
 127.0.0.1  japanesevehicles.us
 127.0.0.1  jdfabrication.com
-127.0.0.1  jeanlesigne.com
 127.0.0.1  jeansvixens.com
 127.0.0.1  jessisjewels.com
 127.0.0.1  josip-stadler.org
@@ -369,7 +361,6 @@
 127.0.0.1  landisbaptist.com
 127.0.0.1  lay.elticket.com.ar
 127.0.0.1  lcbcad.co.uk
-127.0.0.1  leagleconsulting.com
 127.0.0.1  lefos.net
 127.0.0.1  legendsdtv.com
 127.0.0.1  lexu.goggendorf.at
@@ -377,7 +368,6 @@
 127.0.0.1  lifescience.sysu.edu.cn
 127.0.0.1  likes.gisnetwork.net
 127.0.0.1  linkforme.tk
-127.0.0.1  live-dir.tk
 127.0.0.1  livre.wasastation.fi
 127.0.0.1  loft2126.dedicatedpanel.com
 127.0.0.1  losas.cabanaslanina.com.ar
@@ -398,7 +388,6 @@
 127.0.0.1  luggagepreview.com
 127.0.0.1  lunaticjazz.com
 127.0.0.1  luwyou.com
-127.0.0.1  lydwood.co.uk
 127.0.0.1  m2132.ehgaugysd.net
 127.0.0.1  mahindrainsurance.com
 127.0.0.1  mailboto.com
@@ -409,7 +398,6 @@
 127.0.0.1  marx-brothers.mhwang.com
 127.0.0.1  mathenea.com
 127.0.0.1  maxisoft.co.uk
-127.0.0.1  mbrdot.tk
 127.0.0.1  mediatrade.h19.ru
 127.0.0.1  mepra.blautechnology.cl
 127.0.0.1  merrymilkfoods.com
@@ -471,7 +459,6 @@
 127.0.0.1  nowina.info
 127.0.0.1  ns1.the-sinner.net
 127.0.0.1  ns1.updatesdns.org
-127.0.0.1  ns2ns1.tk
 127.0.0.1  nt-associates.com
 127.0.0.1  nudebeachgalleries.net
 127.0.0.1  nugly.barginginfrance.net
@@ -595,21 +582,14 @@
 127.0.0.1  sanya.vipc2f.com
 127.0.0.1  sarahdaniella.com
 127.0.0.1  sasson-cpa.co.il
-127.0.0.1  sayherbal.com
 127.0.0.1  sbnc.hak.su
-127.0.0.1  scaner-do.tk
 127.0.0.1  scaner-figy.tk
-127.0.0.1  scaner-file.tk
 127.0.0.1  scaner-or.tk
 127.0.0.1  scaner-sbite.tk
 127.0.0.1  scaner-sboom.tk
-127.0.0.1  scaner-sdee.tk
-127.0.0.1  scaner-tfeed.tk
-127.0.0.1  scaner-tgame.tk
 127.0.0.1  scanty.colormark.cl
 127.0.0.1  scdsfdfgdr12.tk
 127.0.0.1  scream.garudamp3.com
-127.0.0.1  sdg-translations.com
 127.0.0.1  securitywebservices.com
 127.0.0.1  seet10.jino.ru
 127.0.0.1  semengineers.com
@@ -624,7 +604,6 @@
 127.0.0.1  sgs.us.com
 127.0.0.1  shoal.grahanusareadymix.com
 127.0.0.1  shovi.frost-electric-supply.com
-127.0.0.1  signready.com
 127.0.0.1  silurian.cn
 127.0.0.1  simpi.tourstogo.us
 127.0.0.1  site-checksite.tk
@@ -728,7 +707,6 @@
 127.0.0.1  slimxxxtubeyge.ddns.name
 127.0.0.1  slimxxxtubeyhz.ddns.name
 127.0.0.1  slimxxxtubeyza.ddns.name
-127.0.0.1  smartify.org
 127.0.0.1  smilll.depozit.hr
 127.0.0.1  smrcek.com
 127.0.0.1  sn-gzzx.com
@@ -740,7 +718,6 @@
 127.0.0.1  spekband.com
 127.0.0.1  sportsulsan.co.kr
 127.0.0.1  spread.diadanoivabh.com.br
-127.0.0.1  spykit.110mb.com
 127.0.0.1  srslogisticts.com
 127.0.0.1  ssl-6582datamanager.de
 127.0.0.1  static.retirementcommunitiesfyi.com
@@ -754,7 +731,6 @@
 127.0.0.1  sunny99.cholerik.cz
 127.0.0.1  svetyivanrilski.com
 127.0.0.1  svision-online.de
-127.0.0.1  sysconcalibration.com
 127.0.0.1  systemscheckusa.com
 127.0.0.1  szinhaz.hu
 127.0.0.1  tabex.sopharma.bg
@@ -772,7 +748,6 @@
 127.0.0.1  teprom.it
 127.0.0.1  terem.eltransbt.ro
 127.0.0.1  testtralala.xorg.pl
-127.0.0.1  textsex.tk
 127.0.0.1  textspeier.de
 127.0.0.1  thcextractor.com
 127.0.0.1  thcvaporizer.com
@@ -782,7 +757,6 @@
 127.0.0.1  timothycopus.aimoo.com
 127.0.0.1  titon.info
 127.0.0.1  tk-gregoric.si
-127.0.0.1  toddscarwash.com
 127.0.0.1  tomalinoalambres.com.ar
 127.0.0.1  tophostbg.net
 127.0.0.1  traff1.com
@@ -910,8 +884,6 @@
 127.0.0.1  wallpapers91.com
 127.0.0.1  warco.pl
 127.0.0.1  wc0x83ghk.homepage.t-online.de
-127.0.0.1  web-domain.tk
-127.0.0.1  web-fill.tk
 127.0.0.1  web-olymp.ru
 127.0.0.1  web-sensations.com
 127.0.0.1  webcashmaker.com
@@ -920,7 +892,6 @@
 127.0.0.1  weboxmedia.by
 127.0.0.1  websalesusa.com
 127.0.0.1  websitebuildersinfo.in
-127.0.0.1  welington.info
 127.0.0.1  wetjane.x10.mx
 127.0.0.1  wetyt.tourstogo.us
 127.0.0.1  wfoto.front.ru
@@ -962,7 +933,6 @@
 127.0.0.1  www.arkinsoftware.in
 127.0.0.1  www.assculturaleincontri.it
 127.0.0.1  www.atousoft.com
-127.0.0.1  www.autoappassionati.it
 127.0.0.1  www.bcservice.it
 127.0.0.1  www.blueimagen.com
 127.0.0.1  www.casamama.nl
@@ -992,7 +962,6 @@
 127.0.0.1  www.fasadobygg.com
 127.0.0.1  www.feiyang163.com
 127.0.0.1  www.fiduciariobajio.com.mx
-127.0.0.1  www.fiocchidiriso.com
 127.0.0.1  www.flowtec.com.br
 127.0.0.1  www.fotoidea.com
 127.0.0.1  www.freemao.com
@@ -1011,7 +980,6 @@
 127.0.0.1  www.hjaoopoa.top
 127.0.0.1  www.hospedar.xpg.com.br
 127.0.0.1  www.icybrand.eu
-127.0.0.1  www.imagerieduroc.com
 127.0.0.1  www.inevo.co.il
 127.0.0.1  www.infra.by
 127.0.0.1  www.jcmarcadolib.com
@@ -1023,7 +991,6 @@
 127.0.0.1  www.litra.com.mk
 127.0.0.1  www.lostartofbeingadame.com
 127.0.0.1  www.lowes-pianos-and-organs.com
-127.0.0.1  www.luce.polimi.it
 127.0.0.1  www.lyzgs.com
 127.0.0.1  www.m-barati.de
 127.0.0.1  www.makohela.tk
@@ -1061,14 +1028,12 @@
 127.0.0.1  www.racingandclassic.com
 127.0.0.1  www.realinnovation.com
 127.0.0.1  www.rebeccacella.com
-127.0.0.1  www.reifen-simon.com
 127.0.0.1  www.rempko.sk
 127.0.0.1  www.riccardochinnici.it
 127.0.0.1  www.ristoromontebasso.it
 127.0.0.1  www.rokus-tgy.hu
 127.0.0.1  www.roltek.com.tr
 127.0.0.1  www.rooversadvocatuur.nl
-127.0.0.1  www.rst-velbert.de
 127.0.0.1  www.saemark.is
 127.0.0.1  www.salentoeasy.it
 127.0.0.1  www.sankyo.gr.jp
@@ -1084,7 +1049,6 @@
 127.0.0.1  www.sitepalace.com
 127.0.0.1  www.sj88.com
 127.0.0.1  www.slivki.com.ua
-127.0.0.1  www.smartgvcfunding.com
 127.0.0.1  www.smartscan.ro
 127.0.0.1  www.sonnoli.com
 127.0.0.1  www.spris.com
@@ -1123,8 +1087,6 @@
 127.0.0.1  www.zatzy.com
 127.0.0.1  www.zctei.com
 127.0.0.1  www.zyxyfy.com
-127.0.0.1  www12.0zz0.com
-127.0.0.1  www8.0zz0.com
 127.0.0.1  xamateurpornlic.www1.biz
 127.0.0.1  xicaxique.com.br
 127.0.0.1  xindalawyer.com
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 {
    "name": "Malware Domain List",
    "description": "Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project.",
-    "homeurl": "http://www.malwaredomainlist.com/",
+    "homeurl": "https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/",
    "frequency": "weekly",
-    "issues": "http://www.malwaredomainlist.com/contact.php",
-    "url": "http://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt",
+    "issues": "https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/contact.php",
+    "url": "https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt",
    "license": "'can be used for free by anyone'"
 }
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 {
-    "name": "Dan Pollock – someonewhocares.org",
+    "name": "Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org)",
    "description": "How to make the internet not suck (as much).",
-    "homeurl": "http://someonewhocares.org/hosts/",
+    "homeurl": "https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/",
    "frequency": "frequently",
    "issues": "hosts@someonewhocares.org",
-    "url": "http://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts",
+    "url": "https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts",
    "license": "non-commercial with attribution"
 }
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+{
+    "name": "Tiuxo hostlist - ads",
+    "description": "Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking",
+    "homeurl": "https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts",
+    "frequency": "occasional",
+    "issues": "https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues",
+    "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/ads",
+    "license": "CC BY 4.0"
+}
@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
-127.0.0.1 ac3.msn.com
-127.0.0.1 choice.microsoft.com
-127.0.0.1 choice.microsoft.com.nsatc.net
-127.0.0.1 compatexchange.cloudapp.net
-127.0.0.1 corp.sts.microsoft.com
-127.0.0.1 corpext.msitadfs.glbdns2.microsoft.com
-127.0.0.1 cs1.wpc.v0cdn.net
-127.0.0.1 diagnostics.support.microsoft.com
-127.0.0.1 feedback.search.microsoft.com
-127.0.0.1 feedback.windows.com
-127.0.0.1 i1.services.social.microsoft.com
-127.0.0.1 i1.services.social.microsoft.com.nsatc.net
-127.0.0.1 oca.telemetry.microsoft.com
-127.0.0.1 oca.telemetry.microsoft.com.nsatc.net
-127.0.0.1 pre.footprintpredict.com
-127.0.0.1 redir.metaservices.microsoft.com
-127.0.0.1 services.wes.df.telemetry.microsoft.com
-127.0.0.1 settings-sandbox.data.microsoft.com
-127.0.0.1 sls.update.microsoft.com.akadns.net
-127.0.0.1 sqm.df.telemetry.microsoft.com
-127.0.0.1 sqm.telemetry.microsoft.com
-127.0.0.1 sqm.telemetry.microsoft.com.nsatc.net
-127.0.0.1 ssw.live.com
-127.0.0.1 statsfe1.ws.microsoft.com
-127.0.0.1 statsfe2.update.microsoft.com.akadns.net
-127.0.0.1 survey.watson.microsoft.com
-127.0.0.1 telecommand.telemetry.microsoft.com
-127.0.0.1 telecommand.telemetry.microsoft.com.nsatc.net
-127.0.0.1 telemetry.urs.microsoft.com
-127.0.0.1 vortex-bn2.metron.live.com.nsatc.net
-127.0.0.1 vortex-cy2.metron.live.com.nsatc.net
-127.0.0.1 vortex-sandbox.data.microsoft.com
-127.0.0.1 vortex-win.data.microsoft.com
-127.0.0.1 vortex.data.microsoft.com
-127.0.0.1 watson.live.com
-127.0.0.1 watson.microsoft.com
-127.0.0.1 watson.ppe.telemetry.microsoft.com
-127.0.0.1 watson.telemetry.microsoft.com
-127.0.0.1 watson.telemetry.microsoft.com.nsatc.net
@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "name": "tyzbit",
-    "description": "Microsoft tracking domains.  A fork of this repo providing additional data.",
-    "homeurl": "https://github.com/tyzbit/hosts/blob/master/data/tyzbit/hosts",
-    "frequency": "rarely",
-    "issues": "",
-    "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tyzbit/hosts/master/data/tyzbit/hosts"
-}
@@ -35,7 +35,6 @@
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 0.0.0.0 awdnews.com
-0.0.0.0 babylonbee.com
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 0.0.0.0 baltimoregazette.com
 0.0.0.0 bb4sp.com
@@ -84,7 +83,6 @@
 0.0.0.0 conservative101.com
 0.0.0.0 conservativebyte.com
 0.0.0.0 conservativedailypost.com
-0.0.0.0 conservativedailypost.com
 0.0.0.0 conservativefiringline.com
 0.0.0.0 conservativefrontline.com
 0.0.0.0 conservativepapers.com
@@ -175,7 +173,6 @@
 0.0.0.0 holylandnutrition.com
 0.0.0.0 humansarefree.com
 0.0.0.0 ihavethetruth.com
-0.0.0.0 ijr.com
 0.0.0.0 illuminati-news.com
 0.0.0.0 immediatesafety.org
 0.0.0.0 imzansi.co.za
@@ -225,13 +222,13 @@
 0.0.0.0 lucidawakenings.net
 0.0.0.0 madashellnews.com
 0.0.0.0 madworldnews.com
-0.0.0.0 madworldnews.com
 0.0.0.0 mainerepublicemailalert.com
 0.0.0.0 makeamericagreattoday.com
 0.0.0.0 mbynews.com
 0.0.0.0 mckenziepost.com
 0.0.0.0 mediamass.net
 0.0.0.0 memoryholeblog.com
+0.0.0.0 mindenszo.hu
 0.0.0.0 moralmatters.org
 0.0.0.0 mpidailymagazine.com
 0.0.0.0 mrnewswatch.com
@@ -254,9 +251,10 @@
 0.0.0.0 newshubs.info
 0.0.0.0 newslo.com
 0.0.0.0 newsmutiny.com
+0.0.0.0 newsnow.co.za
 0.0.0.0 newsnow17.com
+0.0.0.0 newspunch.com
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-0.0.0.0 newsthump.com
 0.0.0.0 newswatch28.com
 0.0.0.0 newswatch33.com
 0.0.0.0 newswire-24.com
@@ -351,7 +349,6 @@
 0.0.0.0 theforbiddenknowledge.com
 0.0.0.0 thefreepatriot.org
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-0.0.0.0 thefreethoughtproject.com
 0.0.0.0 thefrt.com
 0.0.0.0 thehardtimes.net
 0.0.0.0 theineptowl.com
@@ -371,7 +368,6 @@
 0.0.0.0 therealstrategy.com
 0.0.0.0 thereporterz.com
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-0.0.0.0 therightists.com
 0.0.0.0 therundownlive.com
 0.0.0.0 thesaker.is
 0.0.0.0 theskunk.org
@@ -412,7 +408,6 @@
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 0.0.0.0 tv.infowars.com
 0.0.0.0 twitchy.com
-0.0.0.0 twitchy.com
 0.0.0.0 uconservative.com
 0.0.0.0 ufoholic.com
 0.0.0.0 ultimateflashnews.com
@@ -552,11 +547,9 @@
 0.0.0.0 www.johnnyrobish.com
 0.0.0.0 www.kkk.com
 0.0.0.0 www.landrypost.com
-0.0.0.0 www.lgbtqnation.com
 0.0.0.0 www.libertyvideos.com
 0.0.0.0 www.lifezette.com
 0.0.0.0 www.liftable.com
-0.0.0.0 www.liveleak.com
 0.0.0.0 www.lushforlife.com
 0.0.0.0 www.mercola.com
 0.0.0.0 www.militianews.com
@@ -648,7 +641,6 @@
 0.0.0.0 www.truthdig.com
 0.0.0.0 www.unz.com
 0.0.0.0 www.usanewsflash.com
-0.0.0.0 www.usanewsflash.com
 0.0.0.0 www.usanewsinsider.com
 0.0.0.0 www.usasupreme.com
 0.0.0.0 www.uspoliticslive.com
@@ -659,7 +651,6 @@
 0.0.0.0 www.viralthread.com
 0.0.0.0 www.voltairenet.org
 0.0.0.0 www.wakingtimes.com
-0.0.0.0 www.washingtonexaminer.com
 0.0.0.0 www.washingtonsblog.com
 0.0.0.0 www.webdaily.com
 0.0.0.0 www.wellaware1.com
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
-# Gambling hosts
+# Title: Gambling hosts
 # https://www.reddit.com/r/GlobalOffensiveGamble/comments/3d5fmr/list_of_csgo_gambling_websites/
 # http://www.top100bookmakers.com/completelist.php
-# Updated July 17, 2016
+# https://raw.githubusercontent.com/lassekongo83/Frellwits-filter-lists/master/anti-casino-and-betting-hosts-file.txt
+# Updated March 21, 2019

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@@ -1235,6 +1246,8 @@
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 127.0.0.1 www.redstarsports.eu
+127.0.0.1 rikstoto.no
+127.0.0.1 www.rikstoto.no
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+127.0.0.1 www.sisal.it
 127.0.0.1 sjbet.at
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 127.0.0.1 skedina.com
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+127.0.0.1 svenskaspel.se
+127.0.0.1 www.svenskaspel.se
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@@ -1471,6 +1488,8 @@
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 127.0.0.1 www.vbet.com
+127.0.0.1 veikkaus.fi
+127.0.0.1 www.veikkaus.fi
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 127.0.0.1 vestabet365.com
@@ -1545,3 +1564,731 @@
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 127.0.0.1 zetpoker.eu
 127.0.0.1 www.zetpoker.eu
+
+127.0.0.1 www.betonline.com
+127.0.0.1 www.sportsbook.ag
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+127.0.0.1 www.oddsshark.com
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@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
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+
+127.0.0.1 bitcheese.net
+127.0.0.1 bestgore.com
+127.0.0.1 horriblevideos.com
+127.0.0.1 documentingreality.com
+127.0.0.1 deathaddict.com
+127.0.0.1 deathandreality.com
+127.0.0.1 gorebrasil.com
+127.0.0.1 goregrish.com
+127.0.0.1 leakreality.com
+127.0.0.1 theync.com
+127.0.0.1 miscopy.com
+127.0.0.1 mixtape.moe
+127.0.0.1 elblogdelnarco.com
+127.0.0.1 kaotic.com
+127.0.0.1 ogrish.tv
+127.0.0.1 thepinsta.com
@@ -0,0 +1,257 @@
+0.0.0.0 002.pinknotora.net
+0.0.0.0 ac-pink.net
+0.0.0.0 babarooba.x.fc2.com
+0.0.0.0 bbscamp.net
+0.0.0.0 columbia-xxx.com
+0.0.0.0 cymposium.com
+0.0.0.0 deeps.net
+0.0.0.0 dennou2.x.fc2.com
+0.0.0.0 duga.jp
+0.0.0.0 en.dmm.co.jp
+0.0.0.0 eroerozip.com
+0.0.0.0 esboss.com
+0.0.0.0 explorejapan.pw
+0.0.0.0 expo2.ranks1.apserver.net
+0.0.0.0 fob.jp
+0.0.0.0 hakusuiriki.tv
+0.0.0.0 hitozumagazo.com
+0.0.0.0 hiyoko0.x.fc2.com
+0.0.0.0 home.uchu.co.jp
+0.0.0.0 i-bbs.sijex.net
+0.0.0.0 idolzone.blog137.fc2.com
+0.0.0.0 inaka.x.fc2.com
+0.0.0.0 jams.kir.jp
+0.0.0.0 jitsuroku.kir.jp
+0.0.0.0 jkdaisuki.ad55.net
+0.0.0.0 kyobibbs.ranks1.apserver.net
+0.0.0.0 live.fc2.com
+0.0.0.0 lolip.org
+0.0.0.0 magopro2.ero-spo.com
+0.0.0.0 marrion-av.com
+0.0.0.0 mother-av.com
+0.0.0.0 mutekiya.net
+0.0.0.0 nadeshiko.tv
+0.0.0.0 niccori.jp
+0.0.0.0 pics.dmm.com
+0.0.0.0 shiroutotv.com
+0.0.0.0 siroutoinfo.net
+0.0.0.0 skyhighpremium.com
+0.0.0.0 sougouwiki.com
+0.0.0.0 spc.undo.jp
+0.0.0.0 sportseye.muvc.net
+0.0.0.0 ssl.ktfactory.co.jp
+0.0.0.0 suppinpin.com
+0.0.0.0 surebbs.ranks1.apserver.net
+0.0.0.0 switch1.jp
+0.0.0.0 teppan-av.com
+0.0.0.0 top.togeko.net
+0.0.0.0 toujyuku.ranks1.apserver.net
+0.0.0.0 venus-av.com
+0.0.0.0 www.100kabijin.com
+0.0.0.0 www.3dvdiso.com
+0.0.0.0 www.academic-co.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.air-boob.com
+0.0.0.0 www.akiba-online.com
+0.0.0.0 www.akiba-web.com
+0.0.0.0 www.aknr.com
+0.0.0.0 www.alex-jg.co.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.alicejapan.co.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.amorz.com
+0.0.0.0 www.animalijo.com
+0.0.0.0 www.anna-and-hanako.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.aquawave.co.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.arashi-supergirl.com
+0.0.0.0 www.arena-corp.com
+0.0.0.0 www.aroma-p.com
+0.0.0.0 www.art-sm.com
+0.0.0.0 www.athenaeizou.co.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.athenaeizou.com
+0.0.0.0 www.attackers.net
+0.0.0.0 www.attone.co.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.audazweb.com
+0.0.0.0 www.aurora-pro.com
+0.0.0.0 www.av-a-box.com
+0.0.0.0 www.av-apa.com
+0.0.0.0 www.av-e-body.com
+0.0.0.0 www.av-hibino.com
+0.0.0.0 www.av-karma.com
+0.0.0.0 www.av-opera.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.avs-video.com
+0.0.0.0 www.baby-baby-baby.cc
+0.0.0.0 www.baltan-av.com
+0.0.0.0 www.beauty-av.com
+0.0.0.0 www.befreebe.com
+0.0.0.0 www.bi-av.com
+0.0.0.0 www.bibian-av.com
+0.0.0.0 www.bigmorkal.com
+0.0.0.0 www.bijinhyakka.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.boots-yakata.com
+0.0.0.0 www.bravo-bravo.net
+0.0.0.0 www.btc.com
+0.0.0.0 www.bullitt.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.bz-zone.com
+0.0.0.0 www.centervillage.co.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.cheersuki.net
+0.0.0.0 www.cherries.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.choi-waru.com
+0.0.0.0 www.cinemagic.co.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.cocoa-soft.net
+0.0.0.0 www.collector-web.com
+0.0.0.0 www.comusume.net
+0.0.0.0 www.crosscross.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.crystal-eizou.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.dasdas.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.digital-ark.com
+0.0.0.0 www.dmm.co.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.dogma.co.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.dse-web.com
+0.0.0.0 www.dt01.co.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.e-corona.com
+0.0.0.0 www.elog-ch.net
+0.0.0.0 www.emmanuelle-av.com
+0.0.0.0 www.eroita.net
+0.0.0.0 www.eroshearts.com
+0.0.0.0 www.fa-pro.com
+0.0.0.0 www.fantadream.com
+0.0.0.0 www.fantasista-av.com
+0.0.0.0 www.feitish.com
+0.0.0.0 www.fitch-av.com
+0.0.0.0 www.fullsail-av.com
+0.0.0.0 www.fv-candy.co.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.garcon-web.com
+0.0.0.0 www.garcon1.com
+0.0.0.0 www.gas-web.com
+0.0.0.0 www.ge-kko.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.glayz.co.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.gloryquest.co.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.gme-inc.net
+0.0.0.0 www.hajimekikaku.com
+0.0.0.0 www.hamajim.com
+0.0.0.0 www.hatsudori.com
+0.0.0.0 www.hmp.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.hmvision.com
+0.0.0.0 www.hot-et.com
+0.0.0.0 www.hpsart.net
+0.0.0.0 www.hrc-av.co.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.hunter-pp.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.i-dol.tv
+0.0.0.0 www.ibworks.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.ideapocket.com
+0.0.0.0 www.ienergy1.com
+0.0.0.0 www.ifrit-fv.net
+0.0.0.0 www.indies-av.co.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.j-model.co.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.jade-net-home.com
+0.0.0.0 www.jah.ne.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.jewel-2001.com
+0.0.0.0 www.jns-grp.net
+0.0.0.0 www.kasakura.co.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.kawaiikawaii.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.kichu.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.kirakira-av.com
+0.0.0.0 www.km-produce.com
+0.0.0.0 www.knights-visual.com
+0.0.0.0 www.kobayashi-web.com
+0.0.0.0 www.koyacho.com
+0.0.0.0 www.ks-p.com
+0.0.0.0 www.kuki.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.kyosui.net
+0.0.0.0 www.lady2.net
+0.0.0.0 www.little-mango.com
+0.0.0.0 www.love2bbs.com
+0.0.0.0 www.lustrous2ft.com
+0.0.0.0 www.madonna-av.com
+0.0.0.0 www.maria-av.com
+0.0.0.0 www.marx.co.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.max-a.co.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.maxing.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.mediabank.co.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.mgstage.com
+0.0.0.0 www.milky-cat.com
+0.0.0.0 www.milky.tv
+0.0.0.0 www.milkyprin.com
+0.0.0.0 www.milu-av.com
+0.0.0.0 www.minimum-av.com
+0.0.0.0 www.mobs.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.moodyz.com
+0.0.0.0 www.mousouzoku-av.com
+0.0.0.0 www.mozakin.com
+0.0.0.0 www.museum-next.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.mutekimuteki.com
+0.0.0.0 www.mvg.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.nagae-style.com
+0.0.0.0 www.nakedfilm.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.nanpa-japan.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.naturalhigh.co.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.next11.co.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.night24.com
+0.0.0.0 www.non-non.info
+0.0.0.0 www.nuruai.com
+0.0.0.0 www.onair-e-net.com
+0.0.0.0 www.oppai-av.com
+0.0.0.0 www.otona-times.com
+0.0.0.0 www.p-fw.co.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.p-jade.com
+0.0.0.0 www.palplanning.com
+0.0.0.0 www.pierrot-net.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.pinknotora.net
+0.0.0.0 www.plum-web.com
+0.0.0.0 www.pornograph.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.premium-beauty.com
+0.0.0.0 www.prestige-av.com
+0.0.0.0 www.r-e-d.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.radix-net.com
+0.0.0.0 www.ran-maru.com
+0.0.0.0 www.realworks.tv
+0.0.0.0 www.rocket-inc.net
+0.0.0.0 www.rookie-av.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.royalart.co.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.ruby-av.com
+0.0.0.0 www.s-cute.com
+0.0.0.0 www.s1s1s1.com
+0.0.0.0 www.sadistic-v.com
+0.0.0.0 www.saiminou.com
+0.0.0.0 www.sakurakikaku.net
+0.0.0.0 www.sexia.tv
+0.0.0.0 www.shanimuni.net
+0.0.0.0 www.shinoda-av.com
+0.0.0.0 www.shitagi.org
+0.0.0.0 www.shuttle-japan.com
+0.0.0.0 www.side-b.tv
+0.0.0.0 www.sod.co.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.sodc.co.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.sosoru-web.com
+0.0.0.0 www.sq4610.com
+0.0.0.0 www.starparadise.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.styleart.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.sugarworks.co.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.sukebegazou.com
+0.0.0.0 www.syukou-club.com
+0.0.0.0 www.takara-tv.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.takeone-nagoya.com
+0.0.0.0 www.tameikegoro.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.tenka1.com
+0.0.0.0 www.tigermeisters.com
+0.0.0.0 www.tma.co.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.to-satsu.com
+0.0.0.0 www.tokyomotion.net
+0.0.0.0 www.top1-net.com
+0.0.0.0 www.town-net.jp/post
+0.0.0.0 www.tumanude.com
+0.0.0.0 www.uandk-idea.co.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.uicupid.net
+0.0.0.0 www.v-av.com
+0.0.0.0 www.vandr.co.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.videomanial.co.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.vr-products.co.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.waap.co.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.wanz-factory.com
+0.0.0.0 www.woman-otona.com
+0.0.0.0 www.yamiboard.com
+0.0.0.0 www.yellow-movie.com
+0.0.0.0 www.yellowbox.co.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.yellowduck.jp
+0.0.0.0 www.zetton-av.com
+0.0.0.0 www.zeus-web.net
+0.0.0.0 www2.giga-jp.com
+0.0.0.0 yamidas.yamiboard.com
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+{
+    "name": "Tiuxo hostlist - pornography",
+    "description": "Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking",
+    "homeurl": "https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts",
+    "frequency": "occasional",
+    "issues": "https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues",
+    "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/porn",
+    "license": "CC BY 4.0"
+}
@@ -1,18 +1,20 @@
 # Extensions

-Use subfolders under the `extensions` folder to house extensions to the final unified hosts file.
+Use subfolders under this `extensions` folder to house data sources for extensions to the default unified hosts file.

-Currently, this repo includes four extensions:
+Currently, this repo includes data sources for four extensions:

-* `gambling` for common online betting sites,
-* `social` for common social media sites,
-* `porn` for porn sites, and
 * `fakenews` for fake news sites.
+* `gambling` for common online betting sites,
+* `porn` for porn sites, and
+* `social` for common social media sites,


 Here are some sample calls, which vary which extensions are included.

-**Using Python 3**:
+**Using the `updateHostsFile.py` script**:
+
+Create a hosts file that includes domain blocking for porn, social media, and gambling.

    python3 updateHostsFile.py --auto --extensions porn social gambling

@@ -20,15 +22,3 @@ or, in short form:

    python3 updateHostsFile.py -a -e porn social gambling

-
-
-**Using Python 2.7**:
-
-    python updateHostsFile.py -auto --extensions porn social gambling
-
-or, in short form:
-
-    python updateHostsFile.py -a -e porn social gambling
-
-
-More built-in extensions are coming soon.
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+0.0.0.0 mbga.jp
+0.0.0.0 mixi.jp
+0.0.0.0 mixch.tv
+0.0.0.0 lobi.co
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+{
+    "name": "Tiuxo hostlist - social",
+    "description": "Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking",
+    "homeurl": "https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts",
+    "frequency": "occasional",
+    "issues": "https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues",
+    "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/social",
+    "license": "CC BY 4.0"
+}
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 The MIT License (MIT)

-Copyright © 2018 Steven Black
+Copyright © 2019 Steven Black

 Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
 this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in
@@ -7,9 +7,9 @@

 from __future__ import print_function

-import sys
 import argparse
 import subprocess
+import sys


 def print_failure(msg):
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
  "name": "hosts",
-  "version": "1.3.2",
+  "version": "2.4.2",
  "description": "Extending and consolidating hosts files from several well-curated sources like adaway.org, mvps.org, malwaredomainlist.com, someonewhocares.org, and potentially others. You can optionally invoke extensions to block additional sites by category.",
  "main": "",
  "scripts": {
@@ -34,6 +34,6 @@
  },
  "homepage": "https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts#readme",
  "devDependencies": {
-    "release-it": "^4.2.0"
+    "release-it": "^10.2.0"
  }
 }
@@ -1,12 +1,29 @@
+----
+**Take Note!**  This version of the Hosts file generator, and tests, are for Python 3.5+ only.
+
+----
+
+![readme](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/36028424/40330477-9df2c2e0-5d7f-11e8-8ac8-511d719a5eae.png)
+
+[![latest release](https://img.shields.io/github/release/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/releases)
+[![license](https://img.shields.io/github/license/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/license.txt)
+[![repo size](https://img.shields.io/github/repo-size/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts)
+[![contributors](https://img.shields.io/github/contributors/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/graphs/contributors)
 [![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts)

+[![commits since last release](https://img.shields.io/github/commits-since/StevenBlack/hosts/latest.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+[![last commit](https://img.shields.io/github/last-commit/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+[![commit activity](https://img.shields.io/github/commit-activity/y/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+
+
 # Unified hosts file with base extensions

 This repository consolidates several reputable `hosts` files, and merges them
 into a unified hosts file with duplicates removed.  A variety of tailored hosts files are provided.

-* Last updated: **March 15 2018**.
-* Here's the [raw hosts file with base extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) containing 56,041 entries.
+* Last updated: **May 05 2019**.
+* Here's the [raw hosts file with base extensions](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) containing 39,257 entries.
+* Logo by [@Tobaloidee](https://github.com/Tobaloidee).


 ### List of all hosts file variants
@@ -17,22 +34,22 @@ with Github download links.

 Host file recipe | Readme | Raw hosts | Unique domains | Non Github mirror
 ---------------- |:------:|:---------:|:--------------:|:-------------:
-Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 56,041 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 56,714 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 57,553 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 65,579 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 57,188 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 58,226 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 66,252 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 57,861 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 67,091 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 58,700 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 66,726 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 67,764 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 59,373 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 67,399 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 68,238 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
-Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 68,911 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts = **(adware + malware)** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/hosts) | 39,257 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews/hosts) | 39,927 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling/hosts) | 41,525 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn/hosts) | 52,802 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/social/hosts) | 41,545 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts) | 42,195 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts) | 53,472 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts) | 42,215 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts) | 55,070 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-social/hosts) | 43,813 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/porn-social/hosts) | 55,089 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts) | 55,740 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts) | 44,483 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts) | 55,759 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 57,357 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/gambling-porn-social/hosts)
+Unified hosts **+ fakenews + gambling + porn + social** | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/readme.md) | [link](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts) | 58,027 | [link](http://sbc.io/hosts/alternates/fakenews-gambling-porn-social/hosts)


 **Expectation**: These unified hosts files should serve all devices, regardless
@@ -43,52 +60,54 @@ of OS.
 Updated `hosts` files from the following locations are always unified and
 included:

-Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License
-----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:-------:|:-------:
-Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT 
-Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](http://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](http://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone' 
-add.Dead | Dead sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-add.Spam | Spam sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-Dan Pollock – someonewhocares.org | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](http://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](http://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution 
-MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 
-yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |  
-Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | 'non-commercial with attribution' 
-CoinBlocker | Simple lists that can help prevent cryptomining in the browser or other applications |[link](https://github.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists/master/hosts_browser) | frequently | GPLv3 
-tyzbit | Microsoft tracking domains.  A fork of this repo providing additional data. |[link](https://github.com/tyzbit/hosts/blob/master/data/tyzbit/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tyzbit/hosts/master/data/tyzbit/hosts) | rarely |  
-UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |  
-add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
-KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/azet12/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | GPLv3 
-AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0 
-add.Risk | Risk content sites based on http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+ 
+Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License | Issues
+-----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:----------------:|:-------:|:------:
+Steven Black's ad-hoc list | Additional sketch domains as I come across them. |[link](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/data/StevenBlack/hosts) | occasionally | MIT  | [issues](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) 
+Malware Domain List | Malware Domain List is a non-commercial community project. |[link](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/) | [raw](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/hostslist/hosts.txt) | weekly | 'can be used for free by anyone'  | [issues](https://www.malwaredomainlist.com/contact.php) 
+add.Dead | Dead sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Dead/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+add.Spam | Spam sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Spam/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+Dan Pollock – [someonewhocares](https://someonewhocares.org) | How to make the internet not suck (as much). |[link](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/) | [raw](https://someonewhocares.org/hosts/zero/hosts) | frequently | non-commercial with attribution  | [issues](hosts@someonewhocares.org) 
+MVPS hosts file | The purpose of this site is to provide the user with a high quality custom HOSTS file. |[link](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/) | [raw](http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.txt) | monthly | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0  | [issues](mailto:winhelp2002@gmail.com) 
+yoyo.org | Blocking with ad server and tracking server hostnames. |[link](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/) | [raw](https://pgl.yoyo.org/adservers/serverlist.php?hostformat=hosts&mimetype=plaintext&useip=0.0.0.0) | frequently |   | [issues](mailto:pgl@yoyo.org) 
+Mitchell Krog's - Badd Boyz Hosts | Sketchy domains and Bad Referrers from my Nginx and Apache Bad Bot and Spam Referrer Blockers |[link](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/master/hosts) | weekly | 'non-commercial with attribution'  | [issues](https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/Badd-Boyz-Hosts/issues) 
+CoinBlocker | Simple lists that can help prevent cryptomining in the browser or other applications |[link](https://gitlab.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists) | [raw](https://zerodot1.gitlab.io/CoinBlockerLists/hosts_browser) | frequently | GPLv3  | [issues](https://gitlab.com/ZeroDot1/CoinBlockerLists/issues) 
+UncheckyAds | Windows installers ads sources sites based on https://unchecky.com/ content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/UncheckyAds/hosts) | occasionally |   | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+add.2o7Net | 2o7Net tracking sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.2o7Net/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+KADhosts | Fraud/adware/scam websites. |[link](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/azet12/KADhosts/master/KADhosts.txt) | frequently | GPLv3  | [issues](https://github.com/azet12/KADhosts/issues) 
+AdAway | AdAway is an open source ad blocker for Android using the hosts file. |[link](https://adaway.org/) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AdAway/adaway.github.io/master/hosts.txt) | occasionally | CC BY 3.0  | [issues](https://github.com/AdAway/AdAway/issues) 
+add.Risk | Risk content sites based on [hostsfile.org](http://www.hostsfile.org/hosts.html) content. |[link](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/master/add.Risk/hosts) | occasionally | GPLv3+  | [issues](https://github.com/FadeMind/hosts.extras/issues) 
+Tiuxo hostlist - ads | Categorized hosts files for DNS based content blocking |[link](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts) | [raw](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tiuxo/hosts/master/ads) | occasional | CC BY 4.0  | [issues](https://github.com/tiuxo/hosts/issues) 



 ## Extensions
-The unified hosts file is extensible.  You manage extensions by curating the
-`extensions/` folder tree. See the `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn` extension
-folders.
+The unified hosts file is extensible.  Extensions are used to block domains by category.  
+
+Extensions are optional, and are added to the base hosts file.  Extensions are combined in various ways wth the default hosts file, and the combined products are stored in the [`alternates`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates) folder.
+
+For example, you may want to block porn domains in addition to the adware and malware we block by default.  That hosts file is stored in the porn subfolder of the [`alternates`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates) folder.  
+
+Data for extensions is stored in the [`extensions`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/extensions) folder. You manage extensions by curating the
+[`extensions`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/extensions)  folder tree where you will find the data for `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn` extension data that we maintain and provide for you.

 ## Generate your own unified hosts file

-**Note** if you are using Python 3, please install the dependencies with:
+To generate your own unified hosts file you will need Python 3.5 or later.
+
+First install the dependencies with:

    pip3 install --user -r requirements.txt

-**Note** if you are using Python 2, please install the dependencies with:
-
-    pip2 install --user -r requirements_python2.txt
-
 **Note** we recommend the `--user` flag which installs the required dependencies at the user level. More information about it can be found on pip [documentation](https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip_install/?highlight=--user#cmdoption-user).

 To run unit tests, in the top level directory, just run:

-    python testUpdateHostsFile.py
+    python3 testUpdateHostsFile.py

-The `updateHostsFile.py` script, which is Python 2.7 and Python 3-compatible,
-will generate a unified hosts file based on the sources in the local `data/`
-subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch updated
-versions (from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each
-source's folder). Otherwise, it will use the `hosts` file that's already there.
+The `updateHostsFile.py` script will generate a unified hosts file based on the sources in the 
+local `data/` subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch updated versions 
+(from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each source's folder). Otherwise, it 
+will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

 ### Usage

@@ -96,10 +115,6 @@ source's folder). Otherwise, it will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

    python3 updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]

-#### Using Python 2.7:
-
-    python updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]
-
 #### Command line options:

 `--help`, or `-h`: display help.
@@ -126,9 +141,8 @@ Only active when `--replace` is also active.
 `--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn`, or `-i nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn`: the IP address to use as the
 target.  Default is `0.0.0.0`.

-`--keepdomaincomments`, or `-k`: `false` (default) or `true`, keep the comments
-that appear on the same line as domains.  The default is `false` since some
-router-based implementations can't handle comments in-line with hosts.
+`--keepdomaincomments`, or `-k`: `true` (default) or `false`, keep the comments
+that appear on the same line as domains.  The default is `true`.

 `--noupdate`, or `-n`: skip fetching updates from hosts data sources.

@@ -204,11 +218,11 @@ Fork this hosts this repo and add your links to [https://github.com/StevenBlack/

 Then, submit a pull request.

-**WARNING**: this is less desireable than Option 1 because the ongoing curation falls on us and what you've just done is created more work for us.
+**WARNING**: this is less desirable than Option 1 because the ongoing curation falls on us and what you've just done is created more work for us.

 ### Option 3: create your own hosts list as a repo on Github

-If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existance of your remo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.
+If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existence of your repo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.


 ## What is a hosts file?
@@ -253,9 +267,9 @@ We tried that.  Using `0` doesn't work universally.
 To modify your current `hosts` file, look for it in the following places and modify it with a text
 editor.

-**Mac OS X, iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` folder.
+**Mac OS X, iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.

-**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` folder.
+**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.

 ## Updating hosts file on Windows

@@ -316,7 +330,9 @@ sc stop "Dnscache"

 Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

-**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo /etc/rc.d/init.d/nscd restart`
+**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+
+**Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`

 **Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`

@@ -326,6 +342,23 @@ Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

 **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`

+**RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
+
+**FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`
+
+To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:
+
+```
+sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
+sudo service nscd start
+```
+
+Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:
+
+```
+hosts: cache files dns
+```
+
 **Others**: Consult [this wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).

 ### Mac OS X
@@ -372,6 +405,8 @@ devices under a variety of operating systems.

 ## Interesting Applications

+* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources.     This is a very interesting project to setup yourself, or you can [buy one pre-loaded](https://uk.pi-supply.com/products/pi-hole-kit-network-wide-ad-blocker).
+
 * [Block ads and malware via local BIND9 DNS server](https://github.com/mueller-ma/block-ads-via-dns "Block ads and malware via local DNS server") (for Debian, Raspbian & Ubuntu): Set up a local DNS server with a `/etc/bind/named.conf.blocked` file, sourced from here.

 * [Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server](https://scripttiger.github.io/dualserver "Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server") (for BSD, Windows & Linux): Set up a blacklist for everyone on your network using the power of the unified hosts reformatted for DualServer. And if you're on Windows, this project also maintains an update script to make updating DualServer's blacklist even easier.
@@ -1,5 +1,21 @@
+----
+**Take Note!**  This version of the Hosts file generator, and tests, are for Python 3.5+ only.
+
+----
+
+![readme](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/36028424/40330477-9df2c2e0-5d7f-11e8-8ac8-511d719a5eae.png)
+
+[![latest release](https://img.shields.io/github/release/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/releases)
+[![license](https://img.shields.io/github/license/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/blob/master/license.txt)
+[![repo size](https://img.shields.io/github/repo-size/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts)
+[![contributors](https://img.shields.io/github/contributors/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/graphs/contributors)
 [![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/StevenBlack/hosts)

+[![commits since last release](https://img.shields.io/github/commits-since/StevenBlack/hosts/latest.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+[![last commit](https://img.shields.io/github/last-commit/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+[![commit activity](https://img.shields.io/github/commit-activity/y/StevenBlack/hosts.svg)](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/commits/master)
+
+
 # Unified hosts file @EXTENSIONS_HEADER@

 This repository consolidates several reputable `hosts` files, and merges them
@@ -7,6 +23,7 @@ into a unified hosts file with duplicates removed.  A variety of tailored hosts

 * Last updated: **@GEN_DATE@**.
 * Here's the [raw hosts file @EXTENSIONS_HEADER@](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/@SUBFOLDER@hosts) containing @NUM_ENTRIES@ entries.
+* Logo by [@Tobaloidee](https://github.com/Tobaloidee).


 ### List of all hosts file variants
@@ -27,37 +44,39 @@ of OS.
 Updated `hosts` files from the following locations are always unified and
 included:

-Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License
-----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:-------:|:-------:
+Host file source | Description | Home page | Raw hosts | Update frequency | License | Issues
+-----------------|-------------|:---------:|:---------:|:----------------:|:-------:|:------:
@SOURCEROWS@


 ## Extensions
-The unified hosts file is extensible.  You manage extensions by curating the
-`extensions/` folder tree. See the `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn` extension
-folders.
+The unified hosts file is extensible.  Extensions are used to block domains by category.  
+
+Extensions are optional, and are added to the base hosts file.  Extensions are combined in various ways wth the default hosts file, and the combined products are stored in the [`alternates`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates) folder.
+
+For example, you may want to block porn domains in addition to the adware and malware we block by default.  That hosts file is stored in the porn subfolder of the [`alternates`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/alternates) folder.  
+
+Data for extensions is stored in the [`extensions`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/extensions) folder. You manage extensions by curating the
+[`extensions`](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/tree/master/extensions)  folder tree where you will find the data for `fakenews`, `social`, `gambling`, and `porn` extension data that we maintain and provide for you.

 ## Generate your own unified hosts file

-**Note** if you are using Python 3, please install the dependencies with:
+To generate your own unified hosts file you will need Python 3.5 or later.
+
+First install the dependencies with:

    pip3 install --user -r requirements.txt

-**Note** if you are using Python 2, please install the dependencies with:
-
-    pip2 install --user -r requirements_python2.txt
-
 **Note** we recommend the `--user` flag which installs the required dependencies at the user level. More information about it can be found on pip [documentation](https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip_install/?highlight=--user#cmdoption-user).

 To run unit tests, in the top level directory, just run:

-    python testUpdateHostsFile.py
+    python3 testUpdateHostsFile.py

-The `updateHostsFile.py` script, which is Python 2.7 and Python 3-compatible,
-will generate a unified hosts file based on the sources in the local `data/`
-subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch updated
-versions (from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each
-source's folder). Otherwise, it will use the `hosts` file that's already there.
+The `updateHostsFile.py` script will generate a unified hosts file based on the sources in the 
+local `data/` subfolder.  The script will prompt you whether it should fetch updated versions 
+(from locations defined by the `update.json` text file in each source's folder). Otherwise, it 
+will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

 ### Usage

@@ -65,10 +84,6 @@ source's folder). Otherwise, it will use the `hosts` file that's already there.

    python3 updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]

-#### Using Python 2.7:
-
-    python updateHostsFile.py [--auto] [--replace] [--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] [--extensions ext1 ext2 ext3]
-
 #### Command line options:

 `--help`, or `-h`: display help.
@@ -95,9 +110,8 @@ Only active when `--replace` is also active.
 `--ip nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn`, or `-i nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn`: the IP address to use as the
 target.  Default is `0.0.0.0`.

-`--keepdomaincomments`, or `-k`: `false` (default) or `true`, keep the comments
-that appear on the same line as domains.  The default is `false` since some
-router-based implementations can't handle comments in-line with hosts.
+`--keepdomaincomments`, or `-k`: `true` (default) or `false`, keep the comments
+that appear on the same line as domains.  The default is `true`.

 `--noupdate`, or `-n`: skip fetching updates from hosts data sources.

@@ -173,11 +187,11 @@ Fork this hosts this repo and add your links to [https://github.com/StevenBlack/

 Then, submit a pull request.

-**WARNING**: this is less desireable than Option 1 because the ongoing curation falls on us and what you've just done is created more work for us.
+**WARNING**: this is less desirable than Option 1 because the ongoing curation falls on us and what you've just done is created more work for us.

 ### Option 3: create your own hosts list as a repo on Github

-If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existance of your remo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.
+If you're able to curate your own collection of sketchy domains, then curate your own hosts list.  Then signal the existence of your repo as [a new issue](https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues) and we may include your new repo into the collection of sources we pull whenever we create new versions.


 ## What is a hosts file?
@@ -222,9 +236,9 @@ We tried that.  Using `0` doesn't work universally.
 To modify your current `hosts` file, look for it in the following places and modify it with a text
 editor.

-**Mac OS X, iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` folder.
+**Mac OS X, iOS, Android, Linux**: `/etc/hosts` file.

-**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` folder.
+**Windows**: `%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts` file.

 ## Updating hosts file on Windows

@@ -285,7 +299,9 @@ sc stop "Dnscache"

 Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

-**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo /etc/rc.d/init.d/nscd restart`
+**Debian/Ubuntu** `sudo service network-manager restart`
+
+**Linux Mint** `sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean start`

 **Linux with systemd**: `sudo systemctl restart network.service`

@@ -295,6 +311,23 @@ Open a Terminal and run with root privileges:

 **Arch Linux/Manjaro with Wicd**: `sudo systemctl restart wicd.service`

+**RHEL/Centos**: `sudo /etc/init.d/network restart`
+
+**FreeBSD**: `sudo service nscd restart`
+
+To enable the `nscd` daemon initially, it is recommended that you run the following commands:
+
+```
+sudo sysrc nscd_enable="YES"
+sudo service nscd start
+```
+
+Then modify the `hosts` line in your `/etc/nsswitch.conf` file to the following:
+
+```
+hosts: cache files dns
+```
+
 **Others**: Consult [this wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_%28file%29#Location_in_the_file_system).

 ### Mac OS X
@@ -341,6 +374,8 @@ devices under a variety of operating systems.

 ## Interesting Applications

+* [Pi-hole](https://pi-hole.net/) is a network-wide DHCP server and ad blocker that runs on [Raspberry Pi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi). Pi-hole uses this repository as one of its sources.     This is a very interesting project to setup yourself, or you can [buy one pre-loaded](https://uk.pi-supply.com/products/pi-hole-kit-network-wide-ad-blocker).
+
 * [Block ads and malware via local BIND9 DNS server](https://github.com/mueller-ma/block-ads-via-dns "Block ads and malware via local DNS server") (for Debian, Raspbian & Ubuntu): Set up a local DNS server with a `/etc/bind/named.conf.blocked` file, sourced from here.

 * [Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server](https://scripttiger.github.io/dualserver "Block ads, malware, and deploy parental controls via local DualServer DNS/DHCP server") (for BSD, Windows & Linux): Set up a blacklist for everyone on your network using the power of the unified hosts reformatted for DualServer. And if you're on Windows, this project also maintains an update script to make updating DualServer's blacklist even easier.
@@ -1,3 +1,2 @@
-lxml==4.1.1
-beautifulsoup4==4.6.0
-mock==2.0.0
+lxml>=4.2.4
+beautifulsoup4==4.6.1
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-mock==2.0.0
-lxml==4.1.1
-beautifulsoup4==4.6.0
@@ -13,9 +13,11 @@ import shutil
 import sys
 import tempfile
 import unittest
+import unittest.mock as mock
+from io import BytesIO, StringIO

 import updateHostsFile
-from updateHostsFile import (PY3, Colors, colorize, display_exclusion_options,
+from updateHostsFile import (Colors, colorize, display_exclusion_options,
                             domain_to_idna, exclude_domain, flush_dns_cache,
                             gather_custom_exclusions, get_defaults,
                             get_file_by_url, is_valid_domain_format,
@@ -29,14 +31,7 @@ from updateHostsFile import (PY3, Colors, colorize, display_exclusion_options,
                             update_sources_data, write_data,
                             write_opening_header)

-if PY3:
-    from io import BytesIO, StringIO
-    import unittest.mock as mock
-    unicode = str
-else:
-    from StringIO import StringIO
-    BytesIO = StringIO
-    import mock
+unicode = str


 # Test Helper Objects
@@ -48,13 +43,10 @@ class Base(unittest.TestCase):

    @property
    def sep(self):
-        return "\\" if sys.platform == "win32" else "/"
+        return os.sep

    def assert_called_once(self, mock_method):
-        if PY3 and sys.version_info < (3, 6):
-            self.assertEqual(mock_method.call_count, 1)
-        else:
-            mock_method.assert_called_once()
+        self.assertEqual(mock_method.call_count, 1)


 class BaseStdout(Base):
@@ -78,13 +70,6 @@ class BaseMockDir(Base):

    def tearDown(self):
        shutil.rmtree(self.test_dir)
-
-
-def builtins():
-    if PY3:
-        return "builtins"
-    else:
-        return "__builtin__"
 # End Test Helper Objects


@@ -101,7 +86,7 @@ class TestGetDefaults(Base):
                        "replace": False,
                        "backup": False,
                        "skipstatichosts": False,
-                        "keepdomaincomments": False,
+                        "keepdomaincomments": True,
                        "extensionspath": "foo" + self.sep + "extensions",
                        "extensions": [],
                        "compress": False,
@@ -117,7 +102,7 @@ class TestGetDefaults(Base):
                        "readmedata": {},
                        "readmedatafilename": ("foo" + self.sep +
                                               "readmeData.json"),
-                        "exclusionpattern": "([a-zA-Z\d-]+\.){0,}",
+                        "exclusionpattern": r"([a-zA-Z\d-]+\.){0,}",
                        "exclusionregexs": [],
                        "exclusions": [],
                        "commonexclusions": ["hulu.com"],
@@ -179,7 +164,7 @@ class TestPromptForUpdate(BaseStdout, BaseMockDir):
                contents = f.read()
                self.assertEqual(contents, "")

-    @mock.patch(builtins() + ".open")
+    @mock.patch("builtins.open")
    def test_no_freshen_fail_new_file(self, mock_open):
        for exc in (IOError, OSError):
            mock_open.side_effect = exc("failed open")
@@ -255,7 +240,6 @@ class TestPromptForUpdate(BaseStdout, BaseMockDir):

    def tearDown(self):
        BaseStdout.tearDown(self)
-        # BaseStdout.tearDown(self)


 class TestPromptForExclusions(BaseStdout):
@@ -467,7 +451,7 @@ class TestGatherCustomExclusions(BaseStdout):

    # Can only test in the invalid domain case
    # because of the settings global variable.
-    @mock.patch("updateHostsFile.raw_input", side_effect=["foo", "no"])
+    @mock.patch("updateHostsFile.input", side_effect=["foo", "no"])
    @mock.patch("updateHostsFile.is_valid_domain_format", return_value=False)
    def test_basic(self, *_):
        gather_custom_exclusions("foo", [])
@@ -476,8 +460,7 @@ class TestGatherCustomExclusions(BaseStdout):
        output = sys.stdout.getvalue()
        self.assertIn(expected, output)

-    @mock.patch("updateHostsFile.raw_input", side_effect=["foo", "yes",
-                                                          "bar", "no"])
+    @mock.patch("updateHostsFile.input", side_effect=["foo", "yes", "bar", "no"])
    @mock.patch("updateHostsFile.is_valid_domain_format", return_value=False)
    def test_multiple(self, *_):
        gather_custom_exclusions("foo", [])
@@ -504,7 +487,7 @@ class TestExcludeDomain(Base):
        exp_count = 0
        expected_regexes = []
        exclusion_regexes = []
-        exclusion_pattern = "[a-z]\."
+        exclusion_pattern = r"[a-z]\."

        for domain in ["google.com", "hulu.com", "adaway.org"]:
            self.assertEqual(len(exclusion_regexes), exp_count)
@@ -530,7 +513,7 @@ class TestMatchesExclusions(Base):
            self.assertFalse(matches_exclusions(domain, exclusion_regexes))

    def test_no_match_list(self):
-        exclusion_regexes = [".*\.org", ".*\.edu"]
+        exclusion_regexes = [r".*\.org", r".*\.edu"]
        exclusion_regexes = [re.compile(regex) for regex in exclusion_regexes]

        for domain in ["1.2.3.4 localhost", "5.6.7.8 hulu.com",
@@ -538,7 +521,7 @@ class TestMatchesExclusions(Base):
            self.assertFalse(matches_exclusions(domain, exclusion_regexes))

    def test_match_list(self):
-        exclusion_regexes = [".*\.com", ".*\.org", ".*\.edu"]
+        exclusion_regexes = [r".*\.com", r".*\.org", r".*\.edu"]
        exclusion_regexes = [re.compile(regex) for regex in exclusion_regexes]

        for domain in ["5.6.7.8 hulu.com", "9.1.2.3 yahoo.com",
@@ -567,7 +550,7 @@ class TestUpdateSourcesData(Base):

    @mock.patch("updateHostsFile.recursive_glob", return_value=[])
    @mock.patch("updateHostsFile.path_join_robust", return_value="dirpath")
-    @mock.patch(builtins() + ".open", return_value=mock.Mock())
+    @mock.patch("builtins.open", return_value=mock.Mock())
    def test_no_update(self, mock_open, mock_join_robust, _):
        extensions = []
        sources_data = [{"source": "source1.txt"}, {"source": "source2.txt"}]
@@ -589,7 +572,7 @@ class TestUpdateSourcesData(Base):
    @mock.patch("updateHostsFile.recursive_glob",
                side_effect=[[], ["update1.txt", "update2.txt"]])
    @mock.patch("json.load", return_value={"mock_source": "mock_source.ext"})
-    @mock.patch(builtins() + ".open", return_value=mock.Mock())
+    @mock.patch("builtins.open", return_value=mock.Mock())
    @mock.patch("updateHostsFile.path_join_robust", return_value="dirpath")
    def test_update_only_extensions(self, mock_join_robust, *_):
        extensions = [".json"]
@@ -607,7 +590,7 @@ class TestUpdateSourcesData(Base):
                                          {"mock_source": "mock_source2.txt"},
                                          {"mock_source": "mock_source3.txt"},
                                          {"mock_source": "mock_source4.txt"}])
-    @mock.patch(builtins() + ".open", return_value=mock.Mock())
+    @mock.patch("builtins.open", return_value=mock.Mock())
    @mock.patch("updateHostsFile.path_join_robust", return_value="dirpath")
    def test_update_both_pathways(self, mock_join_robust, *_):
        extensions = [".json"]
@@ -630,13 +613,13 @@ class TestUpdateAllSources(BaseStdout):
        self.source_data_filename = "data.json"
        self.host_filename = "hosts.txt"

-    @mock.patch(builtins() + ".open")
+    @mock.patch("builtins.open")
    @mock.patch("updateHostsFile.recursive_glob", return_value=[])
    def test_no_sources(self, _, mock_open):
        update_all_sources(self.source_data_filename, self.host_filename)
        mock_open.assert_not_called()

-    @mock.patch(builtins() + ".open", return_value=mock.Mock())
+    @mock.patch("builtins.open", return_value=mock.Mock())
    @mock.patch("json.load", return_value={"url": "example.com"})
    @mock.patch("updateHostsFile.recursive_glob", return_value=["foo"])
    @mock.patch("updateHostsFile.write_data", return_value=0)
@@ -651,7 +634,7 @@ class TestUpdateAllSources(BaseStdout):

        self.assertIn(expected, output)

-    @mock.patch(builtins() + ".open", return_value=mock.Mock())
+    @mock.patch("builtins.open", return_value=mock.Mock())
    @mock.patch("json.load", return_value={"url": "example.com"})
    @mock.patch("updateHostsFile.recursive_glob", return_value=["foo"])
    @mock.patch("updateHostsFile.write_data", return_value=0)
@@ -668,7 +651,7 @@ class TestUpdateAllSources(BaseStdout):
        for expected in expecteds:
            self.assertIn(expected, output)

-    @mock.patch(builtins() + ".open", return_value=mock.Mock())
+    @mock.patch("builtins.open", return_value=mock.Mock())
    @mock.patch("json.load", side_effect=[{"url": "example.com"},
                                          {"url": "example2.com"}])
    @mock.patch("updateHostsFile.recursive_glob", return_value=["foo", "bar"])
@@ -770,10 +753,12 @@ class TestStripRule(Base):
            self.assertEqual(output, line)

    def test_strip_more_than_two(self):
+        comment = " # comments here galore"
+
        for line in ["0.0.0.0 twitter.com", "127.0.0.1 facebook.com",
                     "8.8.8.8 google.com", "1.2.3.4 foo.bar.edu"]:
-            output = strip_rule(line + " # comments here galore")
-            self.assertEqual(output, line)
+            output = strip_rule(line + comment)
+            self.assertEqual(output, line + comment)


 class TestWriteOpeningHeader(BaseMockDir):
@@ -917,44 +902,10 @@ class TestWriteOpeningHeader(BaseMockDir):
        ):
            self.assertNotIn(expected, contents)

-    def test_no_preamble(self):
-        # We should not even attempt to read this, as it is a directory.
-        hosts_dir = os.path.join(self.test_dir, "myhosts")
-        os.mkdir(hosts_dir)
-
-        kwargs = dict(extensions="", outputsubfolder="",
-                      numberofrules=5, skipstatichosts=True)
-
-        with self.mock_property("updateHostsFile.BASEDIR_PATH"):
-            updateHostsFile.BASEDIR_PATH = self.test_dir
-            write_opening_header(self.final_file, **kwargs)
-
-        contents = self.final_file.getvalue()
-        contents = contents.decode("UTF-8")
-
-        # Expected contents.
-        for expected in (
-            "# This hosts file is a merged collection",
-            "# with a dash of crowd sourcing via Github",
-            "# Number of unique domains: {count}".format(
-                count=kwargs["numberofrules"]),
-            "Fetch the latest version of this file:",
-            "Project home page: https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts",
-        ):
-            self.assertIn(expected, contents)
-
-        # Expected non-contents.
-        for expected in (
-            "# Extensions added to this file:",
-            "127.0.0.1 localhost",
-            "127.0.0.1 local",
-            "127.0.0.53",
-            "127.0.1.1",
-        ):
-            self.assertNotIn(expected, contents)
-
-    def test_preamble(self):
+    def _check_preamble(self, check_copy):
        hosts_file = os.path.join(self.test_dir, "myhosts")
+        hosts_file += ".example" if check_copy else ""
+
        with open(hosts_file, "w") as f:
            f.write("peter-piper-picked-a-pepper")

@@ -990,6 +941,12 @@ class TestWriteOpeningHeader(BaseMockDir):
        ):
            self.assertNotIn(expected, contents)

+    def test_preamble_exists(self):
+        self._check_preamble(True)
+
+    def test_preamble_copy(self):
+        self._check_preamble(False)
+
    def tearDown(self):
        super(TestWriteOpeningHeader, self).tearDown()
        self.final_file.close()
@@ -1100,7 +1057,7 @@ class TestMoveHostsFile(BaseStdout):
            expected = ("Automatically moving the hosts "
                        "file in place is not yet supported.\n"
                        "Please move the generated file to "
-                        "%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts")
+                        r"%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts")
            output = sys.stdout.getvalue()
            self.assertIn(expected, output)

@@ -1186,7 +1143,7 @@ class TestFlushDnsCache(BaseStdout):
                output = sys.stdout.getvalue()
                self.assertIn(expected, output)

-    @mock.patch("os.path.isfile", side_effect=[True] + [False] * 10)
+    @mock.patch("os.path.isfile", side_effect=[True] + [False] * 11)
    @mock.patch("subprocess.call", return_value=0)
    def test_flush_posix(self, *_):
        with self.mock_property("platform.system") as obj:
@@ -1201,7 +1158,7 @@ class TestFlushDnsCache(BaseStdout):
                output = sys.stdout.getvalue()
                self.assertIn(expected, output)

-    @mock.patch("os.path.isfile", side_effect=[True] + [False] * 10)
+    @mock.patch("os.path.isfile", side_effect=[True] + [False] * 11)
    @mock.patch("subprocess.call", return_value=1)
    def test_flush_posix_fail(self, *_):
        with self.mock_property("platform.system") as obj:
@@ -1216,7 +1173,7 @@ class TestFlushDnsCache(BaseStdout):
                output = sys.stdout.getvalue()
                self.assertIn(expected, output)

-    @mock.patch("os.path.isfile", side_effect=[True, False,
+    @mock.patch("os.path.isfile", side_effect=[True, False, False,
                                               True] + [False] * 10)
    @mock.patch("subprocess.call", side_effect=[1, 0])
    def test_flush_posix_fail_then_succeed(self, *_):
@@ -1600,7 +1557,7 @@ class TestQueryYesOrNo(BaseStdout):
        for invalid_default in ["foo", "bar", "baz", 1, 2, 3]:
            self.assertRaises(ValueError, query_yes_no, "?", invalid_default)

-    @mock.patch("updateHostsFile.raw_input", side_effect=["yes"] * 3)
+    @mock.patch("updateHostsFile.input", side_effect=["yes"] * 3)
    def test_valid_default(self, _):
        for valid_default, expected in [(None, "[y/n]"), ("yes", "[Y/n]"),
                                        ("no", "[y/N]")]:
@@ -1611,7 +1568,7 @@ class TestQueryYesOrNo(BaseStdout):

            self.assertIn(expected, output)

-    @mock.patch("updateHostsFile.raw_input", side_effect=([""] * 2))
+    @mock.patch("updateHostsFile.input", side_effect=([""] * 2))
    def test_use_valid_default(self, _):
        for valid_default in ["yes", "no"]:
            expected = (valid_default == "yes")
@@ -1619,19 +1576,15 @@ class TestQueryYesOrNo(BaseStdout):

            self.assertEqual(actual, expected)

-    @mock.patch("updateHostsFile.raw_input", side_effect=["no", "NO", "N",
-                                                          "n", "No", "nO"])
+    @mock.patch("updateHostsFile.input", side_effect=["no", "NO", "N", "n", "No", "nO"])
    def test_valid_no(self, _):
        self.assertFalse(query_yes_no("?", None))

-    @mock.patch("updateHostsFile.raw_input", side_effect=["yes", "YES", "Y",
-                                                          "yeS", "y", "YeS",
-                                                          "yES", "YEs"])
+    @mock.patch("updateHostsFile.input", side_effect=["yes", "YES", "Y", "yeS", "y", "YeS", "yES", "YEs"])
    def test_valid_yes(self, _):
        self.assertTrue(query_yes_no("?", None))

-    @mock.patch("updateHostsFile.raw_input", side_effect=["foo", "yes",
-                                                          "foo", "no"])
+    @mock.patch("updateHostsFile.input", side_effect=["foo", "yes", "foo", "no"])
    def test_invalid_then_valid(self, _):
        expected = "Please respond with 'yes' or 'no'"

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python
+#!/usr/bin/env python3

 # Script by Ben Limmer
 # https://github.com/l1m5
@@ -6,9 +6,6 @@
 # This Python script will combine all the host files you provide
 # as sources into one, unique host file to keep you internet browsing happy.

-from __future__ import (absolute_import, division, print_function,
-                        unicode_literals)
-
 import argparse
 import fnmatch
 import json
@@ -32,10 +29,8 @@ PY3 = sys.version_info >= (3, 0)

 if PY3:
    from urllib.request import urlopen
-    raw_input = input
-else:  # Python 2
-    from urllib2 import urlopen
-    raw_input = raw_input  # noqa
+else:
+    raise Exception('We do not support Python 2 anymore.')

 # Syntactic sugar for "sudo" command in UNIX / Linux
 if platform.system() == "OpenBSD":
@@ -65,7 +60,7 @@ def get_defaults():
        "replace": False,
        "backup": False,
        "skipstatichosts": False,
-        "keepdomaincomments": False,
+        "keepdomaincomments": True,
        "extensionspath": path_join_robust(BASEDIR_PATH, "extensions"),
        "extensions": [],
        "compress": False,
@@ -76,12 +71,10 @@ def get_defaults():
        "sourcedatafilename": "update.json",
        "sourcesdata": [],
        "readmefilename": "readme.md",
-        "readmetemplate": path_join_robust(BASEDIR_PATH,
-                                           "readme_template.md"),
+        "readmetemplate": path_join_robust(BASEDIR_PATH, "readme_template.md"),
        "readmedata": {},
-        "readmedatafilename": path_join_robust(BASEDIR_PATH,
-                                               "readmeData.json"),
-        "exclusionpattern": "([a-zA-Z\d-]+\.){0,}",
+        "readmedatafilename": path_join_robust(BASEDIR_PATH, "readmeData.json"),
+        "exclusionpattern": r"([a-zA-Z\d-]+\.){0,}",
        "exclusionregexs": [],
        "exclusions": [],
        "commonexclusions": ["hulu.com"],
@@ -106,8 +99,8 @@ def main():
    parser.add_argument("--ip", "-i", dest="targetip", default="0.0.0.0",
                        help="Target IP address. Default is 0.0.0.0.")
    parser.add_argument("--keepdomaincomments", "-k",
-                        dest="keepdomaincomments", default=False,
-                        help="Keep domain line comments.")
+                        dest="keepdomaincomments", action="store_false", default=True,
+                        help="Do not keep domain line comments.")
    parser.add_argument("--noupdate", "-n", dest="noupdate", default=False,
                        action="store_true", help="Don't update from "
                                                  "host data sources.")
@@ -143,8 +136,7 @@ def main():

    options = vars(parser.parse_args())

-    options["outputpath"] = path_join_robust(BASEDIR_PATH,
-                                             options["outputsubfolder"])
+    options["outputpath"] = path_join_robust(BASEDIR_PATH, options["outputsubfolder"])
    options["freshen"] = not options["noupdate"]

    settings = get_defaults()
@@ -157,8 +149,7 @@ def main():
    settings["extensionsources"] = list_dir_no_hidden(extensions_path)

    # All our extensions folders...
-    settings["extensions"] = [os.path.basename(item) for item in
-                              list_dir_no_hidden(extensions_path)]
+    settings["extensions"] = [os.path.basename(item) for item in list_dir_no_hidden(extensions_path)]
    # ... intersected with the extensions passed-in as arguments, then sorted.
    settings["extensions"] = sorted(list(
        set(options["extensions"]).intersection(settings["extensions"])))
@@ -192,15 +183,12 @@ def main():
    merge_file = create_initial_file()
    remove_old_hosts_file(settings["backup"])
    if settings["compress"]:
-        # Another mode is required to read and write the file in Python 3
-        final_file = open(path_join_robust(settings["outputpath"], "hosts"),
-                          "w+b" if PY3 else "w+")
+        final_file = open(path_join_robust(settings["outputpath"], "hosts"), "w+b")
        compressed_file = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile()
        remove_dups_and_excl(merge_file, exclusion_regexes, compressed_file)
        compress_file(compressed_file, settings["targetip"], final_file)
    elif settings["minimise"]:
-        final_file = open(path_join_robust(settings["outputpath"], "hosts"),
-                          "w+b" if PY3 else "w+")
+        final_file = open(path_join_robust(settings["outputpath"], "hosts"), "w+b")
        minimised_file = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile()
        remove_dups_and_excl(merge_file, exclusion_regexes, minimised_file)
        minimise_file(minimised_file, settings["targetip"], final_file)
@@ -271,8 +259,7 @@ def prompt_for_update(freshen, update_auto):
            # Starting in Python 3.3, IOError is aliased
            # OSError. However, we have to catch both for
            # Python 2.x failures.
-            print_failure("ERROR: No 'hosts' file in the folder. "
-                          "Try creating one manually.")
+            print_failure("ERROR: No 'hosts' file in the folder. Try creating one manually.")

    if not freshen:
        return
@@ -367,8 +354,7 @@ def prompt_for_move(final_file, **move_params):
    elif move_params["auto"] or skip_static_hosts:
        move_file = False
    else:
-        prompt = ("Do you want to replace your existing hosts file " +
-                  "with the newly generated file?")
+        prompt = "Do you want to replace your existing hosts file with the newly generated file?"
        move_file = query_yes_no(prompt)

    if move_file:
@@ -379,8 +365,7 @@ def prompt_for_move(final_file, **move_params):


 # Exclusion logic
-def display_exclusion_options(common_exclusions, exclusion_pattern,
-                              exclusion_regexes):
+def display_exclusion_options(common_exclusions, exclusion_pattern, exclusion_regexes):
    """
    Display the exclusion options to the user.

@@ -443,13 +428,11 @@ def gather_custom_exclusions(exclusion_pattern, exclusion_regexes):
    # We continue running this while-loop until the user
    # says that they have no more domains to exclude.
    while True:
-        domain_prompt = ("Enter the domain you want "
-                         "to exclude (e.g. facebook.com): ")
-        user_domain = raw_input(domain_prompt)
+        domain_prompt = "Enter the domain you want to exclude (e.g. facebook.com): "
+        user_domain = input(domain_prompt)

        if is_valid_domain_format(user_domain):
-            exclusion_regexes = exclude_domain(user_domain, exclusion_pattern,
-                                               exclusion_regexes)
+            exclusion_regexes = exclude_domain(user_domain, exclusion_pattern, exclusion_regexes)

        continue_prompt = "Do you have more domains you want to enter?"
        if not query_yes_no(continue_prompt):
@@ -543,9 +526,8 @@ def update_sources_data(sources_data, **sources_params):

    source_data_filename = sources_params["sourcedatafilename"]

-    for source in recursive_glob(sources_params["datapath"],
-                                 source_data_filename):
-        update_file = open(source, "r")
+    for source in recursive_glob(sources_params["datapath"], source_data_filename):
+        update_file = open(source, "r", encoding="UTF-8")
        update_data = json.load(update_file)
        sources_data.append(update_data)
        update_file.close()
@@ -553,8 +535,7 @@ def update_sources_data(sources_data, **sources_params):
    for source in sources_params["extensions"]:
        source_dir = path_join_robust(
            sources_params["extensionspath"], source)
-        for update_file_path in recursive_glob(source_dir,
-                                               source_data_filename):
+        for update_file_path in recursive_glob(source_dir, source_data_filename):
            update_file = open(update_file_path, "r")
            update_data = json.load(update_file)

@@ -605,7 +586,7 @@ def update_all_sources(source_data_filename, host_filename):
    all_sources = recursive_glob("*", source_data_filename)

    for source in all_sources:
-        update_file = open(source, "r")
+        update_file = open(source, "r", encoding="UTF-8")
        update_data = json.load(update_file)
        update_file.close()
        update_url = update_data["url"]
@@ -613,8 +594,7 @@ def update_all_sources(source_data_filename, host_filename):
        if update_data.get("transforms"):
            update_transforms = update_data["transforms"]

-        print("Updating source " + os.path.dirname(
-            source) + " from " + update_url)
+        print("Updating source " + os.path.dirname(source) + " from " + update_url)

        try:
            updated_file = get_file_by_url(update_url)
@@ -647,8 +627,12 @@ def create_initial_file():
    # spin the sources for the base file
    for source in recursive_glob(settings["datapath"],
                                 settings["hostfilename"]):
-        with open(source, "r") as curFile:
-            write_data(merge_file, curFile.read())
+
+        start = "# Start {}\n\n".format(os.path.basename(os.path.dirname(source)))
+        end = "# End {}\n\n".format(os.path.basename(os.path.dirname(source)))
+
+        with open(source, "r", encoding="UTF-8") as curFile:
+            write_data(merge_file, start + curFile.read() + end)

    # spin the sources for extensions to the base file
    for source in settings["extensions"]:
@@ -657,6 +641,8 @@ def create_initial_file():
            with open(filename, "r") as curFile:
                write_data(merge_file, curFile.read())

+    maybe_copy_example_file(settings["blacklistfile"])
+
    if os.path.isfile(settings["blacklistfile"]):
        with open(settings["blacklistfile"], "r") as curFile:
            write_data(merge_file, curFile.read())
@@ -755,6 +741,8 @@ def remove_dups_and_excl(merge_file, exclusion_regexes, output_file=None):
    """

    number_of_rules = settings["numberofrules"]
+    maybe_copy_example_file(settings["whitelistfile"])
+
    if os.path.isfile(settings["whitelistfile"]):
        with open(settings["whitelistfile"], "r") as ins:
            for line in ins:
@@ -766,15 +754,12 @@ def remove_dups_and_excl(merge_file, exclusion_regexes, output_file=None):
        os.makedirs(settings["outputpath"])

    if output_file is None:
-        # Another mode is required to read and write the file in Python 3
-        final_file = open(path_join_robust(settings["outputpath"], "hosts"),
-                          "w+b" if PY3 else "w+")
+        final_file = open(path_join_robust(settings["outputpath"], "hosts"), "w+b")
    else:
        final_file = output_file

    merge_file.seek(0)  # reset file pointer
-    hostnames = {"localhost", "localhost.localdomain",
-                 "local", "broadcasthost"}
+    hostnames = {"localhost", "localhost.localdomain", "local", "broadcasthost"}
    exclusions = settings["exclusions"]

    for line in merge_file.readlines():
@@ -787,7 +772,7 @@ def remove_dups_and_excl(merge_file, exclusion_regexes, output_file=None):
        line = line.replace("\t+", " ")

        # see gh-271: trim trailing whitespace, periods
-        line = line.rstrip(' .') + "\n"
+        line = line.rstrip(' .')

        # Testing the first character doesn't require startswith
        if line[0] == "#" or re.match(r'^\s*$', line[0]):
@@ -807,7 +792,7 @@ def remove_dups_and_excl(merge_file, exclusion_regexes, output_file=None):
            keep_domain_comments=settings["keepdomaincomments"])

        for exclude in exclusions:
-            if re.search('[\s\.]' + re.escape(exclude) + '\s', line):
+            if re.search(r'[\s\.]' + re.escape(exclude) + r'\s', line):
                write_line = False
                break

@@ -844,7 +829,6 @@ def normalize_rule(rule, target_ip, keep_domain_comments):
        and spacing reformatted.
    """

-
    """
    first try: IP followed by domain
    """
@@ -859,7 +843,10 @@ def normalize_rule(rule, target_ip, keep_domain_comments):
        rule = "%s %s" % (target_ip, hostname)

        if suffix and keep_domain_comments:
-            rule += " #%s" % suffix
+            if not suffix.strip().startswith('#'):
+                rule += " #%s" % suffix
+            else:
+                rule += " %s" % suffix

        return hostname, rule + "\n"

@@ -876,11 +863,13 @@ def normalize_rule(rule, target_ip, keep_domain_comments):
        rule = "%s %s" % (target_ip, ip_host)

        if suffix and keep_domain_comments:
-            rule += " #%s" % suffix
+            if not suffix.strip().startswith('#'):
+                rule += " #%s" % suffix
+            else:
+                rule += " %s" % suffix

        return ip_host, rule + "\n"

-
    """
    finally, if we get here, just belch to screen
    """
@@ -892,9 +881,6 @@ def strip_rule(line):
    """
    Sanitize a rule string provided before writing it to the output hosts file.

-    Some sources put comments around their rules, for accuracy we need
-    to strip them the comments are preserved in the output hosts file.
-
    Parameters
    ----------
    line : str
@@ -911,7 +897,7 @@ def strip_rule(line):
        # just return blank
        return ""
    else:
-        return split_line[0] + " " + split_line[1]
+        return " ".join(split_line)


 def write_opening_header(final_file, **header_params):
@@ -939,25 +925,19 @@ def write_opening_header(final_file, **header_params):
    write_data(final_file, "# This hosts file is a merged collection "
                           "of hosts from reputable sources,\n")
    write_data(final_file, "# with a dash of crowd sourcing via Github\n#\n")
-    write_data(final_file, "# Date: " + time.strftime(
-        "%B %d %Y", time.gmtime()) + "\n")
+    write_data(final_file, "# Date: " + time.strftime("%d %B %Y %H:%M:%S (%Z)", time.gmtime()) + "\n")

    if header_params["extensions"]:
        write_data(final_file, "# Extensions added to this file: " + ", ".join(
            header_params["extensions"]) + "\n")

-    write_data(final_file, ("# Number of unique domains: " +
-                            "{:,}\n#\n".format(header_params[
-                                                   "numberofrules"])))
+    write_data(final_file, ("# Number of unique domains: {:,}\n#\n".format(header_params["numberofrules"])))
    write_data(final_file, "# Fetch the latest version of this file: "
-                           "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/"
-                           "StevenBlack/hosts/master/" +
-               path_join_robust(header_params["outputsubfolder"],
-                                "") + "hosts\n")
-    write_data(final_file, "# Project home page: https://github.com/"
-                           "StevenBlack/hosts\n#\n")
-    write_data(final_file, "# ==============================="
-                           "================================\n")
+                           "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/StevenBlack/hosts/master/" +
+               path_join_robust(header_params["outputsubfolder"], "") + "hosts\n")
+    write_data(final_file, "# Project home page: https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts\n")
+    write_data(final_file, "# Project releases: https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/releases\n#\n")
+    write_data(final_file, "# ===============================================================\n")
    write_data(final_file, "\n")

    if not header_params["skipstatichosts"]:
@@ -965,10 +945,15 @@ def write_opening_header(final_file, **header_params):
        write_data(final_file, "127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain\n")
        write_data(final_file, "127.0.0.1 local\n")
        write_data(final_file, "255.255.255.255 broadcasthost\n")
-        write_data(final_file, "::1 localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback\n")
+        write_data(final_file, "::1 localhost\n")
+        write_data(final_file, "::1 ip6-localhost\n")
+        write_data(final_file, "::1 ip6-loopback\n")
        write_data(final_file, "fe80::1%lo0 localhost\n")
+        write_data(final_file, "ff00::0 ip6-localnet\n")
+        write_data(final_file, "ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix\n")
        write_data(final_file, "ff02::1 ip6-allnodes\n")
        write_data(final_file, "ff02::2 ip6-allrouters\n")
+        write_data(final_file, "ff02::3 ip6-allhosts\n")
        write_data(final_file, "0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0\n")

        if platform.system() == "Linux":
@@ -978,6 +963,7 @@ def write_opening_header(final_file, **header_params):
        write_data(final_file, "\n")

    preamble = path_join_robust(BASEDIR_PATH, "myhosts")
+    maybe_copy_example_file(preamble)

    if os.path.isfile(preamble):
        with open(preamble, "r") as f:
@@ -1038,20 +1024,17 @@ def move_hosts_file_into_place(final_file):
    ----------
    final_file : file object
        The newly-created hosts file to move.
-    """
+    """  # noqa: W605

    filename = os.path.abspath(final_file.name)

    if os.name == "posix":
-        print("Moving the file requires administrative privileges. "
-              "You might need to enter your password.")
+        print("Moving the file requires administrative privileges. You might need to enter your password.")
        if subprocess.call(SUDO + ["cp", filename, "/etc/hosts"]):
            print_failure("Moving the file failed.")
    elif os.name == "nt":
-        print("Automatically moving the hosts file "
-              "in place is not yet supported.")
-        print("Please move the generated file to "
-              "%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts")
+        print("Automatically moving the hosts file in place is not yet supported.")
+        print("Please move the generated file to %SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts")  # noqa: W605


 def flush_dns_cache():
@@ -1060,8 +1043,7 @@ def flush_dns_cache():
    """

    print("Flushing the DNS cache to utilize new hosts file...")
-    print("Flushing the DNS cache requires administrative privileges. " +
-          "You might need to enter your password.")
+    print("Flushing the DNS cache requires administrative privileges. You might need to enter your password.")

    dns_cache_found = False

@@ -1087,6 +1069,15 @@ def flush_dns_cache():
                else:
                    print_success(nscd_msg.format(result="succeeded"))

+        centos_file = "/etc/init.d/network"
+        centos_msg = "Flushing the DNS cache by restarting network {result}"
+
+        if os.path.isfile(centos_file):
+            if subprocess.call(SUDO + [centos_file, "restart"]):
+                print_failure(centos_msg.format(result="failed"))
+            else:
+                print_success(centos_msg.format(result="succeeded"))
+
        system_prefixes = ["/usr", ""]
        service_types = ["NetworkManager", "wicd", "dnsmasq", "networking"]

@@ -1097,8 +1088,7 @@ def flush_dns_cache():
            for service_type in service_types:
                service = service_type + ".service"
                service_file = path_join_robust(system_dir, service)
-                service_msg = ("Flushing the DNS cache by "
-                               "restarting " + service + " {result}")
+                service_msg = ("Flushing the DNS cache by restarting " + service + " {result}")

                if os.path.isfile(service_file):
                    dns_cache_found = True
@@ -1109,8 +1099,7 @@ def flush_dns_cache():
                        print_success(service_msg.format(result="succeeded"))

        dns_clean_file = "/etc/init.d/dns-clean"
-        dns_clean_msg = ("Flushing the DNS cache via "
-                         "dns-clean executable {result}")
+        dns_clean_msg = "Flushing the DNS cache via dns-clean executable {result}"

        if os.path.isfile(dns_clean_file):
            dns_cache_found = True
@@ -1206,32 +1195,55 @@ def domain_to_idna(line):
        if separator:
            splited_line = line.split(separator)

-            index = 1
-            while index < len(splited_line):
-                if splited_line[index]:
-                    break
-                index += 1
+            try:
+                index = 1
+                while index < len(splited_line):
+                    if splited_line[index]:
+                        break
+                    index += 1

-            if '#' in splited_line[index]:
-                index_comment = splited_line[index].find('#')
+                if '#' in splited_line[index]:
+                    index_comment = splited_line[index].find('#')

-                if index_comment > -1:
-                    comment = splited_line[index][index_comment:]
+                    if index_comment > -1:
+                        comment = splited_line[index][index_comment:]

-                    splited_line[index] = splited_line[index] \
-                        .split(comment)[0] \
-                        .encode("IDNA").decode("UTF-8") + \
-                        comment
+                        splited_line[index] = splited_line[index] \
+                            .split(comment)[0] \
+                            .encode("IDNA").decode("UTF-8") + \
+                            comment

-            splited_line[index] = splited_line[index] \
-                .encode("IDNA") \
-                .decode("UTF-8")
+                splited_line[index] = splited_line[index] \
+                    .encode("IDNA") \
+                    .decode("UTF-8")
+            except IndexError:
+                pass
            return separator.join(splited_line)
        return line.encode("IDNA").decode("UTF-8")
    return line.encode("UTF-8").decode("UTF-8")


 # Helper Functions
+def maybe_copy_example_file(file_path):
+    """
+    Given a file path, copy over its ".example" if the path doesn't exist.
+
+    If the path does exist, nothing happens in this function.
+
+    If the path doesn't exist, and the ".example" file doesn't exist, nothing happens in this function.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    file_path : str
+        The full file path to check.
+    """
+
+    if not os.path.isfile(file_path):
+        example_file_path = file_path + ".example"
+        if os.path.isfile(example_file_path):
+            shutil.copyfile(example_file_path, file_path)
+
+
 def get_file_by_url(url):
    """
    Get a file data located at a particular URL.
@@ -1263,7 +1275,7 @@ def get_file_by_url(url):

 def write_data(f, data):
    """
-    Write data to a file object. This is a cross-Python implementation.
+    Write data to a file object.

    Parameters
    ----------
@@ -1273,13 +1285,7 @@ def write_data(f, data):
        The data to write to the file.
    """

-    if PY3:
-        f.write(bytes(data, "UTF-8"))
-    else:
-        try:
-            f.write(str(data))
-        except UnicodeEncodeError:
-            f.write(str(data.encode("UTF-8")))
+    f.write(bytes(data, "UTF-8"))


 def list_dir_no_hidden(path):
@@ -1297,7 +1303,7 @@ def list_dir_no_hidden(path):

 def query_yes_no(question, default="yes"):
    """
-    Ask a yes/no question via raw_input() and get answer from the user.
+    Ask a yes/no question via input() and get answer from the user.

    Inspired by the following implementation:

@@ -1330,7 +1336,7 @@ def query_yes_no(question, default="yes"):
    while not reply:
        sys.stdout.write(colorize(question, Colors.PROMPT) + prompt)

-        choice = raw_input().lower()
+        choice = input().lower()
        reply = None

        if default and not choice:
@@ -1338,8 +1344,7 @@ def query_yes_no(question, default="yes"):
        elif choice in valid:
            reply = valid[choice]
        else:
-            print_failure("Please respond with 'yes' or 'no' "
-                          "(or 'y' or 'n').\n")
+            print_failure("Please respond with 'yes' or 'no' (or 'y' or 'n').\n")

    return reply == "yes"

@@ -1363,11 +1368,10 @@ def is_valid_domain_format(domain):
        print("You didn't enter a domain. Try again.")
        return False

-    domain_regex = re.compile("www\d{0,3}[.]|https?")
+    domain_regex = re.compile(r"www\d{0,3}[.]|https?")

    if domain_regex.match(domain):
-        print("The domain " + domain +
-              " is not valid. Do not include "
+        print("The domain " + domain + " is not valid. Do not include "
              "www.domain.com or http(s)://domain.com. Try again.")
        return False
    else:
@@ -1378,10 +1382,6 @@ def recursive_glob(stem, file_pattern):
    """
    Recursively match files in a directory according to a pattern.

-    This function is a version-independent of Python 3.x's function:
-
-    glob( ... "/**/" ... )
-
    Parameters
    ----------
    stem : str
@@ -1436,8 +1436,7 @@ def path_join_robust(path, *paths):

        return os.path.join(path, *paths)
    except UnicodeDecodeError as e:
-        raise locale.Error("Unable to construct path. This is "
-                           "likely a LOCALE issue:\n\n" + str(e))
+        raise locale.Error("Unable to construct path. This is likely a LOCALE issue:\n\n" + str(e))


 # Colors
@@ -1463,8 +1462,7 @@ def supports_color():
    """

    sys_platform = sys.platform
-    supported = sys_platform != "Pocket PC" and (sys_platform != "win32"
-                                                 or "ANSICON" in os.environ)
+    supported = sys_platform != "Pocket PC" and (sys_platform != "win32" or "ANSICON" in os.environ)

    atty_connected = hasattr(sys.stdout, "isatty") and sys.stdout.isatty()
    return supported and atty_connected
@@ -5,12 +5,10 @@
 #
 # This Python script will update the readme files in this repo.

-from string import Template
-
-import os
-import sys
-import time
 import json
+import os
+import time
+from string import Template

 # Project Settings
 BASEDIR_PATH = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
@@ -18,9 +16,6 @@ README_TEMPLATE = os.path.join(BASEDIR_PATH, 'readme_template.md')
 README_FILENAME = 'readme.md'
 README_DATA_FILENAME = "readmeData.json"

-# Detecting Python 3 for version-dependent implementations
-PY3 = sys.version_info >= (3, 0)
-

 def main():
    s = Template('${description} | [Readme](https://github.com/StevenBlack/'
@@ -32,10 +27,7 @@ def main():
    with open(README_DATA_FILENAME, 'r') as f:
        data = json.load(f)

-    if PY3:
-        keys = list(data.keys())
-    else:
-        keys = data.keys()
+    keys = list(data.keys())

    # Sort by the number of en-dashes in the key
    # and then by the key string itself.
@@ -59,10 +51,11 @@ def main():
        "frequency": "",
        "issues": "",
        "url": "",
-        "license": ""}
+        "license": "",
+        "issues": ""}

    t = Template('${name} | ${description} |[link](${homeurl})'
-                 ' | [raw](${url}) | ${frequency} | ${license} ')
+                 ' | [raw](${url}) | ${frequency} | ${license}  | [issues](${issues}) ')

    for key in keys:
        extensions = key.replace("-", ", ")
@@ -81,63 +74,14 @@ def main():
        with open(os.path.join(data[key]["location"],
                               README_FILENAME), "wt") as out:
            for line in open(README_TEMPLATE):
-                line = line.replace('@GEN_DATE@', time.strftime("%B %d %Y",
-                                                                time.gmtime()))
-                line = line.replace('@EXTENSIONS@',
-                                    decode_line(extensions_str))
-                line = line.replace('@EXTENSIONS_HEADER@',
-                                    decode_line(extensions_header))
-                line = line.replace('@NUM_ENTRIES@',
-                                    "{:,}".format(data[key]["entries"]))
-                line = line.replace('@SUBFOLDER@',
-                                    decode_line(os.path.join(
-                                        data[key]["location"], '')))
-                line = line.replace('@TOCROWS@',
-                                    decode_line(toc_rows))
-                line = line.replace('@SOURCEROWS@',
-                                    decode_line(source_rows))
-                out.write(decode_line(line))
-
-
-def decode_line(line):
-    """
-    Python 2 compatible method for decoding unicode lines.
-
-    Parameters
-    ----------
-    line : str
-        The unicode string to decode.
-
-    Returns
-    -------
-    decoded_str : str
-        Decoded unicode string.
-    """
-
-    # Python 3.x has no unicode issues.
-    if PY3:
-        return line
-
-    # The biggest Python 2.x compatibility issue is the decoding of the
-    # en-dash. It either takes the form of u"\u2013" or "\xe2\x80\x93."
-    #
-    # This attempts to convert "\xe2\x80\x93" to u"\u2013" if necessary.
-    # If the character is already in the form of u"\u2013," this will
-    # raise an UnicodeEncodeError.
-    #
-    # In general, this line of code will allow us to convert unicode,
-    # UTF-8 encoded characters into pure unicode.
-    try:
-        line = line.decode("UTF-8")
-    except UnicodeEncodeError:
-        pass
-
-    # Replace u"\u2013" with the en-dash, so we now can decode.
-    #
-    # We can add additional "replace" lines in case there are other unicode
-    # literals that Python 2.x cannot handle.
-    line = line.replace(u"\u2013", "-")
-    return str(line.decode("UTF-8"))
+                line = line.replace('@GEN_DATE@', time.strftime("%B %d %Y", time.gmtime()))
+                line = line.replace('@EXTENSIONS@', extensions_str)
+                line = line.replace('@EXTENSIONS_HEADER@', extensions_header)
+                line = line.replace('@NUM_ENTRIES@', "{:,}".format(data[key]["entries"]))
+                line = line.replace('@SUBFOLDER@', os.path.join(data[key]["location"], ''))
+                line = line.replace('@TOCROWS@', toc_rows)
+                line = line.replace('@SOURCEROWS@', source_rows)
+                out.write(line)


 if __name__ == "__main__":