Add new python tooling + apply ruff linter cleanup (#845)

- Adds `uv`, `ruff`, `pyright`, `vulture` and `pytest-xdist`
- Move project, lockfile, docker build etc to uv
- Align python tooling on 3.14
- Huge bulk of ruff linter fixes applied. Still in progress but all the
core types are now enforced
- Update CI and test helpers

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -14,20 +14,24 @@ jobs:
       - name: Checkout
         uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
 
-      - name: Set up Python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@a309ff8b426b58ec0e2a45f0f869d46889d02405 # v6.2.0
+      - name: Install uv and Python
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@5a095e7a2014a4212f075830d4f7277575a9d098 # v7.3.1
         with:
-          python-version: "3.10"
-          cache: "pip"
+          version: "0.11.3"
+          python-version: "3.14"
+          enable-cache: true
 
-      - name: Install dependencies
-        run: |
-          pip install -r requirements-base.txt
-          pip install -r requirements-shelfmark.txt
-          pip install pytest
+      - name: Sync dependencies
+        run: uv sync --locked --extra browser
+
+      - name: Lint backend
+        run: uv run ruff check shelfmark
+
+      - name: Check backend formatting
+        run: uv run ruff format --check shelfmark
 
       - name: Run tests
-        run: pytest tests/ -x --tb=short
+        run: uv run pytest tests/ -x --tb=short
 
   frontend-checks:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest