Remove the unnecessary two-phase creation of variables in C++ import. We
don't need to create a placeholder and overwrite it here, so stop doing
so.
Also, add the patterns to the imports table and don't create a
NameBindingDecl. The NameBindingDecl would never be used for anything.
This matches what we do when importing a Carbon variable, and improves
the formatted SemIR output.
For now, map C++ reference types to const-qualified Carbon pointer types
rather than picking between a (non-const) pointer or a value type. This
fixes misbehavior in lowering for reference members in classes and
reference return types.
Update the special-case handling for references as function parameters
so that it continues to map const reference parameters to Carbon
pass-by-value, and unify the code paths for `self` parameters and other
parameters, which were mostly doing the same thing but had some subtle
differences.
Add references to the list of types that we can pass to and from C++
directly, without needing an additional layer of thunks.
This resolves a TODO in `expr_info.cpp` by using the inst kind rather
than the bound value to track the binding's category.
Since we're churning all the `bind_name` insts in testdata anyway, I'm
also taking this opportunity to align the inst naming with the design's
terminology, by calling these insts "bindings" (this aspect of the PR is
dependent on #6231 resolving an ambiguity in that terminology). For
consistency we'll need to rename several other insts as well (see the
TODO on `RefBinding`); I'm deferring that to a separate PR to minimize
the review load, but I think those name changes are in-scope for this
review.
Implemented by generalizing the reference type support for parameters
and return values to other use cases.
The changes to the `method.carbon` test are due to to supporting the
reference types but not supporting the necessary conversions.
C++ Interop Demo:
```c++
// global.h
struct C {
int member = 0;
int& member_ref = member;
};
extern C& global;
```
```c++
// global.cpp
#include "global.h"
static C static_c;
C& global= static_c;
```
```carbon
// main.carbon
library "Main";
import Core library "io";
import Cpp library "global.h";
fn Run() -> i32 {
Core.Print(Cpp.global->member);
++(*Cpp.global->member_ref);
Core.Print(Cpp.global->member);
++(*Cpp.global->member_ref);
Core.Print(Cpp.global->member);
return 0;
}
```
```shell
$ clang++ -stdlib=libc++ -c global.cpp
$ bazel build toolchain:carbon && bazel-bin/toolchain/carbon compile main.carbon
$ bazel-bin/toolchain/carbon link global.o main.o --output=demo
$ ./demo
0
1
2
```
**Without this change**:
```shell
main.carbon:10:14: error: semantics TODO: `Unsupported: var type: C &`
Core.Print(Cpp.global->member);
^~~~~~~~~~
main.carbon:10:14: note: in `Cpp` name lookup for `global`
Core.Print(Cpp.global->member);
^~~~~~~~~~
```
Part of #6006 and #6186.