Update tests for observe equivalence chains to cover more cases and to
better test the things they meant to. The design is clarified to explain
that in an `interface` the types in an equivalence chain must all be
related to that interface except for one.
This is based on #7484 with some followup changes by me.
Co-authored by: ozguronsoy@gmail.com
Change the `cursor` parameter in `Core.Iterate.Next` to be a `ref`
parameter
instead of a pointer parameter.
Assisted-by: Gemini via Antigravity
---------
Co-authored-by: Geoff Romer <gromer@google.com>
We now only use a single `proposal` label on proposal PRs rather than
separate state labels (`proposal draft`, `proposal rfc`, `proposal
accepted`, `proposal declined`, and `proposal deferred`), as draft,
open, merged, and closed PR states already capture the proposal
lifecycle.
- Remove the `proposal_labeled.yaml` and `proposal_ready.yaml`
workflows.
- Update `new_proposal.py`, `template.md`, `evolution.md`, and
`CONTRIBUTING.md` to only use the `proposal` label and filter non-draft
proposal PRs with `draft:false`.
- Fix `auto_label_prs.yaml` to apply the `bot` label instead of the
non-existent `automated` label and fix the `proposals/scripts/**` path
filter typo.
- Update `triage_inactive.yaml` to exempt `needs design doc update`
instead of the old `design update` label.
Assisted-by: Antigravity with Gemini
- Incorporates member binding interfaces from proposal #3720
- Includes updates to #3720 and new `x.impl(m)` and `typeof(x)` syntaxes
from #7697
- The concept of member resolution was replaced with just its name
lookup component, to reflect the new rules from #7697
- Updated member binding interfaces use of `extend` according to
proposal #5337
- `BindToRef` interface updated to use `ref` following proposal #5434
Assisted-by: Gemini via Antigravity
---------
Co-authored-by: Josh L <josh11b@users.noreply.github.com>
Extend the design's keyword list with the keywords from all the approved
proposals to date. Update our four syntax highlighters to have matching
keyword lists.
There are a few other stale things in some of the syntax highlighters;
those are not fixed here.
Assisted-by: Claude via Antigravity
- Add TODOs indicating places where design doc updates are needed for
accepted proposals.
- Remove TODOs about unicode which were already accurately reflected in
the text and references. Issue is that proposal #142 left some work to
do, but any such work would have to be in another proposal.
- Update design docs where only a little more was needed, like the
"lambdas" section in the main README.
- Add references sections to clarify where proposals have already been
incorporated.
- Add to TODO that was missing which proposals made the decision.
- Small fixes found when creating this PR.
Fixes#5398
Assisted-by: Gemini via Antigravity
Co-authored-by: Josh L <josh11b@users.noreply.github.com>
Implements `typeof(expr)`, as described in #7697. `expr` is treated as
an unevaluated operand, and is kept in an `ExprRegion` separate from the
enclosing scope.
Assisted-by: Claude via Antigravity
Includes changes from accepted proposals:
- #3762
- #3763
- #3980
- #5366
Examples from the proposals has been updated to reflect changes made in
later proposals, such as using `ref` instead of `addr`. Links from #3762
have been changed to point to the version of the code from when the PR
was merged.
Assisted-by: Gemini via Antigravity
---------
Co-authored-by: Josh L <josh11b@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Geoff Romer <gromer@google.com>
`scripts/jj_push.sh` takes the same arguments as `jj git push`, runs
prek over the commits that push would send, and pushes only if they
pass. It learns what is being sent by running `jj git push --dry-run`
and reading back the plan, so `--bookmark`, `--change`, `--all` and the
rest work without reimplementing how they select commits.
Hooks that rewrite files need a commit to write into, so the checks run
with the working copy on top of the commit being pushed. When the
working copy is already an empty commit there, which is the common case,
it is used directly; otherwise one is created, and named in the error so
the fixes can be squashed.
`scripts/jj_prek.sh` gets two changes. It forwards its arguments to
`prek run`, so `jj_push.sh` can ask for a specific range, and it now
changes to the workspace root before running. It exports `GIT_DIR`,
which makes git treat the current directory as the work tree, so prek
could not find its configuration from a subdirectory.
`jj` does not expand aliases when completing arguments, so `jj push`
completed file names. `scripts/completions` has Bash, Zsh, and Fish
completions that give it the same completions as `jj git push`.
`docs/project/contribution_tools.md` documents the `push` alias, and a
`prek` alias for `jj_prek.sh`, with the other per-repository `jj`
configuration. Both are opt-in.
Assisted-by: Claude Code
Update the rules for member access:
- Simple member access `a.b`
- If `a` names a scope, performs name lookup and optionally `impl`
lookup.
- Otherwise, `a.b` is shorthand for `a.(typeof(a).b)` and always
performs instance binding.
- Compound member access `a.(m)` does optional `impl` lookup and always
performs instance binding.
- This is a change from only performing instance binding if `m` is an
instance member.
- New operation `a.impl(m)` is introduced. It always performs `impl`
lookup, and nothing else.
- The `BindToType` interface is removed. Only instance binding may be
customized (using the `BindToValue` and `BindToRef` interfaces).
As a result, member access doesn't use whether the right operand is an
instance member anymore. Instead, instance binding is performed whenever
it would be plausible, and a new syntax is used to opt out.
Assisted-by: Gemini via Antigravity
---------
Co-authored-by: Josh L <josh11b@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Richard Smith <richard@metafoo.co.uk>
The declarations in a `match_first` must always be in the same file as
the first owning declaration, in order to maintain a consistent view of
impl lookup across all files.
This should handle over-long lines. I had tried to make the normalize
method work, but it doesn't seem promising and so let's at least enable
this version.
Assisted-by: Antigravity with Gemini
This adds the new restrictions introduced for `observe` declarations
inside `interface` definitions to the docs.
---------
Co-authored-by: Christopher Di Bella <cjdb.ns@gmail.com>
https://docs.carbon-lang.dev/docs/design/expressions/#operators
Escaping `|` is needed to prevent markdown table interpreting it as a
cell edge, however using `\|` in backticks shows the backslash too.
Solution: use `<code>` instead. This overflows the `|` table cell but it
seems to render correctly anyway.
Co-authored-by: David Blaikie <dblaikie@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Richard Smith <richard@metafoo.co.uk>
We propose a principle that it's always possible to inline the import of
a library from within the same package without changing the meaning of
or diagnostics applied to the code. This is similar to the textual
inlining of an `#include` statement in C++, but is slightly less
general. Cross-package imports place the imported names inside the name
scope of the package, so inlining those necessarily changes the paths
for name lookup.
---------
Co-authored-by: josh11b <15258583+josh11b@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Carbon Infra Bot <carbon-external-infra@google.com>
Debian packages github.com/libunwind/libunwind as `libunwind-dev`, and
packages LLVM libunwind as `libunwind-N-dev`, with no meta-package to
install the latest version of LLVM libunwind. The libunwind-dev is not
built as PIC, so doesn't work in our build setup. So a specific version
of LLVM libunwind must be installed.
Require rewrite and same-type constraints that do not depend on `.Self`
to be satisfied when a facet type is identified, since those constraints
may not be found later.
Document the phase of associated constants, which the discussions of
contextual phase defaults never covered: an associated constant is
always a checked generic binding. This is deliberately not presented as
a contextual default, because no other phase is possible for the
construct; correspondingly, no phase keyword (including `template`) is
allowed on one. Also rework the associated constants section of the
design README where the migration left a non-sequitur ("set to
compile-time values ... and so are defined using a `let` declaration"):
describe the `let` syntax and the binding's contextual phase separately.
Use consistent terminology for bindings versus constants. Bindings are
"checked" or "template" (generic) bindings, replacing the "symbolic
binding" and bare "generic binding" terms, so "symbolic" now only
describes constants and values. The "Symbolic facet bindings" section of
the generics details becomes "Checked facet bindings". The
expression-phase terms "symbolic constant" and "template constant" are
unchanged, and the binding-pattern definitions now name the constant
each kind binds. Template bindings are additionally described as
dependent and late checked, with each instantiation providing the
binding's value.
Also normalize the remaining "regular parameter" mentions to "runtime
parameter" to match the binding terminology, and describe the
compile-time "let template" as introducing a template generic binding
"T: C" whose uses are template constants.
Assisted-by: Claude Code
Carbon currently requires a comment to be the only non-whitespace on its
line. A `//` comment that follows other content on a line, called a
_trailing comment_, is a lexer error. This proposal removes that
restriction, allowing a comment to follow other content on a line.
Everything else about comments is unchanged: a comment still begins with
`//`, still requires whitespace after the `//`, and still runs to the
end of the line. Carbon continues to provide only line comments; no
block or intra-line comments are added.
Three observations motivate the change. First, trailing comments are
well suited to short _annotations_ attached to a specific entity or
value on a line. Second, the lexer design now makes it trivial to lex
trailing comments, and in fact requires extra logic and potentially cost
to reject them. Third, C++ code routinely uses trailing comments, so
allowing them lets Carbon carry the layout of migrated code over
directly, rather than reworking each comment to read well in a different
structure.
Implementation notes (beyond the proposal's design):
Keeping trailing comments cheap to lex required a few supporting
changes, all of which keep the cost off the lexer's hot path:
- The lexer already dispatches `//` to comment lexing wherever it
appears, so classifying a comment as trailing is a single O(1) check of
whether the `//` is the line's first non-whitespace (`start + indent`).
The hot comment path is otherwise unchanged.
- That check relies on each line's recorded indentation being its real
leading whitespace. Multi-line string literals previously recorded the
column where the literal opened for the lines they span; they now record
the true (closing-delimiter) indentation instead.
- Parser error recovery (`SkipPastLikelyEnd`) had relied on that
opening-column indentation to keep tokens following a multi-line string
literal attached to the same construct. It now reconstructs that
relationship directly by consulting the line on which the literal
opened, including when other tokens follow the closing delimiter (such
as `''' + "more"`). This is on the cold recovery path.
- `CommentData` records the trailing bit in the high bit of its length
field, keeping it at 8 bytes.
Assisted-by: Claude Code
This proposal removes the `:!` syntax for generics and templates in
favor of keywords (`generic`, `template`, `runtime`) and contextual
defaults for phase. It also replaces `:?` with `fwd` and introduces
`exttype` for extended types.
Assisted-by: Antigravity with Gemini, and Claude
---------
Co-authored-by: Geoff Romer <gromer@google.com>
Our development instructions now recommend installing a number of
binaries through `cargo`. Updating these binaries has to be done by
hand. So we can provide a script that users can use to update them
easily and regularly.
Rumdl already appears to have _significantly_ fewer bugs than prettier,
and a solid LSP for editor integration.
The tool is: https://github.com/rvben/rumdl/
I've separated out the change across three commits for easier review.
The configuration tries to match the existing formatting, the changes to
the all the files are to correct issues found by the new tool.
Assisted-by: Antigravity with Gemini
---------
Co-authored-by: Richard Smith <richard@metafoo.co.uk>
Incorporates changes from these proposals:
- #2022
- #2875
- #3262
- #3763
- #3848
- #5434
A small amount of updating was done to lambdas.md and variadics.md to
harmonize with these changes.
Assisted-by: Gemini via Antigravity
---------
Co-authored-by: Josh L <josh11b@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Geoff Romer <gromer@google.com>
Also:
- Introduce `buf` so that existing examples using arrays can be updated
to use it.
- Update the examples linked to on the Carbon front page to something
closer to what we expect, moving away from old array syntax. Uses
`slice` though that name hasn't been settled. Updating the SVGs actually
referenced will need to be done as a separate step.
- Update links to the expression operators while I'm touching that
section.
Assisted-by: Gemini via Antigravity
---------
Co-authored-by: Josh L <josh11b@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Nicholas Bishop <nbishop@nbishop.net>
Implements proposal #7016: `self` moves from the deduced implicit list
(`fn F[self: Self]()`) to the front of the explicit list. Its type may
be written explicitly (`fn F(self: Self)`) or omitted, in which case it
defaults to `Self` (`fn F(self)`, `fn F(ref self)`); `self` in the
implicit list is rejected.
Throughout checking, `self` is modeled as the first explicit parameter.
Because a method is just a function whose first parameter is `self`, it
can also be called as an ordinary function with the receiver passed
explicitly (`Type.M(obj, ...)`), not only as `obj.M(...)`. A new
`SemIR::CallArgParamPatterns` helper chooses the parameters matched
against the explicit arguments, excluding a leading `self` only when it
is supplied as a method-call receiver; arity checking, conversion, and
generic deduction use it. The resulting SemIR and lowering are
unchanged: `self` is still `call_param0`, and witnesses, thunks, and
vtables are unaffected.
An omitted `self` type is parsed as a `SelfBindingPattern` node with no
type expression; checking synthesizes the `Self` type so it behaves
exactly like `self: Self`. However, the exact spelling used must match
between a forward declaration and a definition, following #3763's rules
around declaration matching.
Generated functions, thunks, and C++ interop import/export build `self`
as the first explicit parameter, and the `self`-type override (e.g.
Derived->Base for a virtual override) applies to the explicit `self`.
Placement is validated by new diagnostics: `SelfInImplicitParamList`,
`SelfNotFirstParam`, and `SelfOutsideParamList`. The benchmark source
generator and the documentation adopt the `(self)` shorthand; the
prelude, the examples, and the test data are migrated in the following
commits.
Assisted-by: Claude Code with Claude Opus 4.7
---------
Co-authored-by: josh11b <15258583+josh11b@users.noreply.github.com>
My understanding is that `auto` is encouraged even when there's no
applicable naming convention for the variable, and that suffixes like
`_id` are encouraged where applicable, even if the type is explicit, so
there's really no connection between the two policies.
This proposal clarifies some unclear aspects of the interop support for
object-like macros. In particular:
- Carbon supports importing an object-like macro if its definition can
be evaluated as a constant expression, without further restrictions on
that definition.
- When importing the result of that evaluation, C++ lvalues are imported
as references, and rvalues are imported as values.
This provides a native harness with several advantages over
`pre-commit`:
- Faster when initializing the cache
- Smaller cache sizes: under 43mb compared to over 62mb
- Better integration with `uv` for Python usage
Steps for migrating for existing contributors:
1. Install `prek` following instructions in the updated docs.
2. Replace hooks in an existing checkout with a special flag:
```sh
prek install --overwrite
```
The `--overwrite` flag is what removes the old hooks.
If you used the pre-push variant:
```sh
prek install --hook-type pre-push --overwrite
```
3. Optional cleanups:
```sh
rm -rf ~/.cache/pre-commit # reclaim the old hook-environment cache
pipx uninstall pre-commit # if installed via pipx; or `brew uninstall
pre-commit`
```
Assisted-by: Antigravity with Gemini
Update the orphan rule to require a name to be defined within, or by,
the same scope as the impl declaration. Since libraries can not be
nested, this also enforces the old rule, but rejects more impl
declarations. In particular, it rejects an impl declaration in a generic
context which would have no way to provide a value for the generic
bindings it inherited from its enclosing scope, making the impl
unusable.
Discussed in open discussion
[2026-05-04](https://docs.google.com/document/d/1mjllGO3ZCL4qGt9uJHUtcxKoHAGEY7Y999ie4EtBWB8/edit?tab=t.3ifnhz83n73d#heading=h.p45zfugbmdih).
dependabot[bot]andCarbonInfraBot
oli-ej
Dana Jansens
josh11b
Geoff Romer
Richard SmithandGeoff Romer
Chandler Carruth
Özgür T. ÖnsoyandChristopher Di Bella
