diff --git a/toolchain/autoupdate_testdata.py b/toolchain/autoupdate_testdata.py
index 6b2d20f56847..5ed110f73f90 100755
--- a/toolchain/autoupdate_testdata.py
+++ b/toolchain/autoupdate_testdata.py
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ TARGETS = {
     "codegen": "//toolchain/codegen:codegen_file_test",
     "driver": "//toolchain/driver:driver_file_test",
     "lexer": "//toolchain/lexer:lexer_file_test",
-    "lowering": "//toolchain/lowering:lowering_file_test",
+    "lower": "//toolchain/lower:lower_file_test",
     "parser": "//toolchain/parser:parse_tree_file_test",
     "semantics": "//toolchain/semantics:semantics_file_test",
 }
diff --git a/toolchain/driver/BUILD b/toolchain/driver/BUILD
index c14de157fdae..955e28fcafe4 100644
--- a/toolchain/driver/BUILD
+++ b/toolchain/driver/BUILD
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ cc_library(
         "//toolchain/diagnostics:diagnostic_emitter",
         "//toolchain/diagnostics:sorting_diagnostic_consumer",
         "//toolchain/lexer:tokenized_buffer",
-        "//toolchain/lowering:lower_to_llvm",
+        "//toolchain/lower",
         "//toolchain/parser:parse_tree",
         "//toolchain/semantics:semantics_ir",
         "//toolchain/semantics:semantics_ir_formatter",
diff --git a/toolchain/driver/driver.cpp b/toolchain/driver/driver.cpp
index 0621982cd1b9..c182c704b4c1 100644
--- a/toolchain/driver/driver.cpp
+++ b/toolchain/driver/driver.cpp
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 #include "toolchain/diagnostics/diagnostic_emitter.h"
 #include "toolchain/diagnostics/sorting_diagnostic_consumer.h"
 #include "toolchain/lexer/tokenized_buffer.h"
-#include "toolchain/lowering/lower_to_llvm.h"
+#include "toolchain/lower/lower.h"
 #include "toolchain/parser/parse_tree.h"
 #include "toolchain/semantics/semantics_ir.h"
 #include "toolchain/semantics/semantics_ir_formatter.h"
diff --git a/toolchain/lowering/BUILD b/toolchain/lower/BUILD
similarity index 79%
rename from toolchain/lowering/BUILD
rename to toolchain/lower/BUILD
index bb6908d4bc59..274b0590c652 100644
--- a/toolchain/lowering/BUILD
+++ b/toolchain/lower/BUILD
@@ -9,11 +9,11 @@ load("//testing/file_test:rules.bzl", "file_test")
 package(default_visibility = ["//visibility:public"])
 
 cc_library(
-    name = "lower_to_llvm",
-    srcs = ["lower_to_llvm.cpp"],
-    hdrs = ["lower_to_llvm.h"],
+    name = "lower",
+    srcs = ["lower.cpp"],
+    hdrs = ["lower.h"],
     deps = [
-        ":lowering_context",
+        ":context",
         "//toolchain/semantics:semantics_ir",
         "@llvm-project//llvm:Core",
         "@llvm-project//llvm:Support",
@@ -21,18 +21,18 @@ cc_library(
 )
 
 cc_library(
-    name = "lowering_context",
+    name = "context",
     srcs = [
-        "lowering_context.cpp",
-        "lowering_function_context.cpp",
+        "file_context.cpp",
+        "function_context.cpp",
     ] +
     # Glob handler files to avoid missing any.
     glob([
-        "lowering_handle*.cpp",
+        "handle*.cpp",
     ]),
     hdrs = [
-        "lowering_context.h",
-        "lowering_function_context.h",
+        "file_context.h",
+        "function_context.h",
     ],
     deps = [
         "//common:check",
@@ -46,8 +46,8 @@ cc_library(
 )
 
 file_test(
-    name = "lowering_file_test",
-    srcs = ["lowering_file_test.cpp"],
+    name = "lower_file_test",
+    srcs = ["lower_file_test.cpp"],
     tests = glob(["testdata/**/*.carbon"]),
     deps = [
         "//toolchain/driver:driver_file_test_base",
diff --git a/toolchain/lowering/__init__.py b/toolchain/lower/__init__.py
similarity index 100%
rename from toolchain/lowering/__init__.py
rename to toolchain/lower/__init__.py
diff --git a/toolchain/lowering/lowering_context.cpp b/toolchain/lower/file_context.cpp
similarity index 98%
rename from toolchain/lowering/lowering_context.cpp
rename to toolchain/lower/file_context.cpp
index 3a7f552f581f..82c6839650ea 100644
--- a/toolchain/lowering/lowering_context.cpp
+++ b/toolchain/lower/file_context.cpp
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@
 // Exceptions. See /LICENSE for license information.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
 
-#include "toolchain/lowering/lowering_context.h"
+#include "toolchain/lower/file_context.h"
 
 #include "common/vlog.h"
 #include "llvm/ADT/STLExtras.h"
 #include "llvm/ADT/Sequence.h"
-#include "toolchain/lowering/lowering_function_context.h"
+#include "toolchain/lower/function_context.h"
 #include "toolchain/semantics/semantics_ir.h"
 #include "toolchain/semantics/semantics_node.h"
 #include "toolchain/semantics/semantics_node_kind.h"
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ FileContext::FileContext(llvm::LLVMContext& llvm_context,
       << "Generating LLVM IR from invalid SemIR::File is unsupported.";
 }
 
-// TODO: Move this to lower_to_llvm.cpp.
+// TODO: Move this to lower.cpp.
 auto FileContext::Run() -> std::unique_ptr<llvm::Module> {
   CARBON_CHECK(llvm_module_) << "Run can only be called once.";
 
diff --git a/toolchain/lowering/lowering_context.h b/toolchain/lower/file_context.h
similarity index 95%
rename from toolchain/lowering/lowering_context.h
rename to toolchain/lower/file_context.h
index 13eccea54f91..f1e55cdcbb98 100644
--- a/toolchain/lowering/lowering_context.h
+++ b/toolchain/lower/file_context.h
@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
 // Exceptions. See /LICENSE for license information.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
 
-#ifndef CARBON_TOOLCHAIN_LOWERING_LOWERING_CONTEXT_H_
-#define CARBON_TOOLCHAIN_LOWERING_LOWERING_CONTEXT_H_
+#ifndef CARBON_TOOLCHAIN_LOWER_FILE_CONTEXT_H_
+#define CARBON_TOOLCHAIN_LOWER_FILE_CONTEXT_H_
 
 #include "llvm/IR/Constants.h"
 #include "llvm/IR/LLVMContext.h"
@@ -96,4 +96,4 @@ class FileContext {
 
 }  // namespace Carbon::Lower
 
-#endif  // CARBON_TOOLCHAIN_LOWERING_LOWERING_CONTEXT_H_
+#endif  // CARBON_TOOLCHAIN_LOWER_FILE_CONTEXT_H_
diff --git a/toolchain/lowering/lowering_function_context.cpp b/toolchain/lower/function_context.cpp
similarity index 98%
rename from toolchain/lowering/lowering_function_context.cpp
rename to toolchain/lower/function_context.cpp
index 7ae3f3ed47b3..9ac0a15e9900 100644
--- a/toolchain/lowering/lowering_function_context.cpp
+++ b/toolchain/lower/function_context.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 // Exceptions. See /LICENSE for license information.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
 
-#include "toolchain/lowering/lowering_function_context.h"
+#include "toolchain/lower/function_context.h"
 
 #include "toolchain/semantics/semantics_ir.h"
 
diff --git a/toolchain/lowering/lowering_function_context.h b/toolchain/lower/function_context.h
similarity index 95%
rename from toolchain/lowering/lowering_function_context.h
rename to toolchain/lower/function_context.h
index b906643dddcd..492904852dd2 100644
--- a/toolchain/lowering/lowering_function_context.h
+++ b/toolchain/lower/function_context.h
@@ -2,13 +2,13 @@
 // Exceptions. See /LICENSE for license information.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
 
-#ifndef CARBON_TOOLCHAIN_LOWERING_LOWERING_FUNCTION_CONTEXT_H_
-#define CARBON_TOOLCHAIN_LOWERING_LOWERING_FUNCTION_CONTEXT_H_
+#ifndef CARBON_TOOLCHAIN_LOWER_FUNCTION_CONTEXT_H_
+#define CARBON_TOOLCHAIN_LOWER_FUNCTION_CONTEXT_H_
 
 #include "llvm/IR/IRBuilder.h"
 #include "llvm/IR/LLVMContext.h"
 #include "llvm/IR/Module.h"
-#include "toolchain/lowering/lowering_context.h"
+#include "toolchain/lower/file_context.h"
 #include "toolchain/semantics/semantics_ir.h"
 #include "toolchain/semantics/semantics_node.h"
 
@@ -146,4 +146,4 @@ class FunctionContext {
 
 }  // namespace Carbon::Lower
 
-#endif  // CARBON_TOOLCHAIN_LOWERING_LOWERING_FUNCTION_CONTEXT_H_
+#endif  // CARBON_TOOLCHAIN_LOWER_FUNCTION_CONTEXT_H_
diff --git a/toolchain/lowering/lowering_handle.cpp b/toolchain/lower/handle.cpp
similarity index 99%
rename from toolchain/lowering/lowering_handle.cpp
rename to toolchain/lower/handle.cpp
index 29658c8b528d..b0e47d34e12c 100644
--- a/toolchain/lowering/lowering_handle.cpp
+++ b/toolchain/lower/handle.cpp
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 #include "llvm/ADT/STLExtras.h"
 #include "llvm/ADT/Sequence.h"
-#include "toolchain/lowering/lowering_function_context.h"
+#include "toolchain/lower/function_context.h"
 #include "toolchain/semantics/semantics_node_kind.h"
 
 namespace Carbon::Lower {
diff --git a/toolchain/lowering/lowering_handle_expression_category.cpp b/toolchain/lower/handle_expression_category.cpp
similarity index 97%
rename from toolchain/lowering/lowering_handle_expression_category.cpp
rename to toolchain/lower/handle_expression_category.cpp
index a84574452ba8..ff78ec28c77c 100644
--- a/toolchain/lowering/lowering_handle_expression_category.cpp
+++ b/toolchain/lower/handle_expression_category.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 // Exceptions. See /LICENSE for license information.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
 
-#include "toolchain/lowering/lowering_function_context.h"
+#include "toolchain/lower/function_context.h"
 
 namespace Carbon::Lower {
 
diff --git a/toolchain/lowering/lowering_handle_type.cpp b/toolchain/lower/handle_type.cpp
similarity index 95%
rename from toolchain/lowering/lowering_handle_type.cpp
rename to toolchain/lower/handle_type.cpp
index 2a42d4625206..ffb4bc1548f6 100644
--- a/toolchain/lowering/lowering_handle_type.cpp
+++ b/toolchain/lower/handle_type.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 // Exceptions. See /LICENSE for license information.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
 
-#include "toolchain/lowering/lowering_function_context.h"
+#include "toolchain/lower/function_context.h"
 
 namespace Carbon::Lower {
 
diff --git a/toolchain/lowering/lower_to_llvm.cpp b/toolchain/lower/lower.cpp
similarity index 85%
rename from toolchain/lowering/lower_to_llvm.cpp
rename to toolchain/lower/lower.cpp
index cb13544f746b..07b5d3e8bfc8 100644
--- a/toolchain/lowering/lower_to_llvm.cpp
+++ b/toolchain/lower/lower.cpp
@@ -2,9 +2,9 @@
 // Exceptions. See /LICENSE for license information.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
 
-#include "toolchain/lowering/lower_to_llvm.h"
+#include "toolchain/lower/lower.h"
 
-#include "toolchain/lowering/lowering_context.h"
+#include "toolchain/lower/file_context.h"
 
 namespace Carbon::Lower {
 
diff --git a/toolchain/lowering/lower_to_llvm.h b/toolchain/lower/lower.h
similarity index 79%
rename from toolchain/lowering/lower_to_llvm.h
rename to toolchain/lower/lower.h
index 5f0958fe5e09..0448b67f2496 100644
--- a/toolchain/lowering/lower_to_llvm.h
+++ b/toolchain/lower/lower.h
@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
 // Exceptions. See /LICENSE for license information.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
 
-#ifndef CARBON_TOOLCHAIN_LOWERING_LOWER_TO_LLVM_H_
-#define CARBON_TOOLCHAIN_LOWERING_LOWER_TO_LLVM_H_
+#ifndef CARBON_TOOLCHAIN_LOWER_LOWER_H_
+#define CARBON_TOOLCHAIN_LOWER_LOWER_H_
 
 #include "llvm/IR/LLVMContext.h"
 #include "llvm/IR/Module.h"
@@ -19,4 +19,4 @@ auto LowerToLLVM(llvm::LLVMContext& llvm_context, llvm::StringRef module_name,
 
 }  // namespace Carbon::Lower
 
-#endif  // CARBON_TOOLCHAIN_LOWERING_LOWER_TO_LLVM_H_
+#endif  // CARBON_TOOLCHAIN_LOWER_LOWER_H_
diff --git a/toolchain/lowering/lowering_file_test.cpp b/toolchain/lower/lower_file_test.cpp
similarity index 100%
rename from toolchain/lowering/lowering_file_test.cpp
rename to toolchain/lower/lower_file_test.cpp
diff --git a/toolchain/lowering/testdata/array/assign_return_value.carbon b/toolchain/lower/testdata/array/assign_return_value.carbon
similarity index 100%
rename from toolchain/lowering/testdata/array/assign_return_value.carbon
rename to toolchain/lower/testdata/array/assign_return_value.carbon
diff --git a/toolchain/lowering/testdata/array/base.carbon b/toolchain/lower/testdata/array/base.carbon
similarity index 100%
rename from toolchain/lowering/testdata/array/base.carbon
rename to toolchain/lower/testdata/array/base.carbon
diff --git a/toolchain/lowering/testdata/basics/empty.carbon b/toolchain/lower/testdata/basics/empty.carbon
similarity index 100%
rename from toolchain/lowering/testdata/basics/empty.carbon
rename to toolchain/lower/testdata/basics/empty.carbon
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rename from toolchain/lowering/testdata/basics/fail_before_lowering.carbon
rename to toolchain/lower/testdata/basics/fail_before_lowering.carbon
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rename from toolchain/lowering/testdata/basics/false_true.carbon
rename to toolchain/lower/testdata/basics/false_true.carbon
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rename from toolchain/lowering/testdata/basics/type_values.carbon
rename to toolchain/lower/testdata/basics/type_values.carbon
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rename from toolchain/lowering/testdata/basics/zero.carbon
rename to toolchain/lower/testdata/basics/zero.carbon
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