diff --git a/bazel/testing/lit.cfg.py b/bazel/testing/lit.cfg.py
index 77344051a962..c2109bc256ba 100644
--- a/bazel/testing/lit.cfg.py
+++ b/bazel/testing/lit.cfg.py
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ def add_substitutions():
 
     add_substitution("carbon", f"{run_carbon}")
     add_substitution(
-        "carbon-run-lower",
+        "carbon-run-lowering",
         f"{run_carbon} dump llvm-ir %s | {filecheck_strict}",
     )
     add_substitution(
diff --git a/toolchain/driver/BUILD b/toolchain/driver/BUILD
index 4bd83c13ad3e..00d0924ad80a 100644
--- a/toolchain/driver/BUILD
+++ b/toolchain/driver/BUILD
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ cc_library(
         "//toolchain/diagnostics:diagnostic_emitter",
         "//toolchain/diagnostics:sorting_diagnostic_consumer",
         "//toolchain/lexer:tokenized_buffer",
-        "//toolchain/lower",
+        "//toolchain/lowering:lower_to_llvm",
         "//toolchain/parser:parse_tree",
         "//toolchain/semantics:semantics_ir",
         "//toolchain/source:source_buffer",
diff --git a/toolchain/driver/driver.cpp b/toolchain/driver/driver.cpp
index 10098f268478..e7ab7b22742c 100644
--- a/toolchain/driver/driver.cpp
+++ b/toolchain/driver/driver.cpp
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 #include "llvm/Support/Format.h"
 #include "toolchain/diagnostics/sorting_diagnostic_consumer.h"
 #include "toolchain/lexer/tokenized_buffer.h"
-#include "toolchain/lower/lower.h"
+#include "toolchain/lowering/lower_to_llvm.h"
 #include "toolchain/parser/parse_tree.h"
 #include "toolchain/semantics/semantics_ir.h"
 #include "toolchain/source/source_buffer.h"
@@ -209,11 +209,11 @@ auto Driver::RunDumpSubcommand(DiagnosticConsumer& consumer,
   }
   CARBON_VLOG() << "semantics_ir: " << semantics_ir;
 
-  CARBON_VLOG() << "*** Lower::Make ***\n";
+  CARBON_VLOG() << "*** LowerToLLVM ***\n";
   llvm::LLVMContext llvm_context;
   const std::unique_ptr<llvm::Module> module =
-      Lower::Make(llvm_context, input_file_name, semantics_ir);
-  CARBON_VLOG() << "*** Lower::Make done ***\n";
+      LowerToLLVM(llvm_context, input_file_name, semantics_ir);
+  CARBON_VLOG() << "*** LowerToLLVM done ***\n";
   if (dump_mode == DumpMode::LLVMIR) {
     consumer.Flush();
     module->print(output_stream_, /*AAW=*/nullptr,
diff --git a/toolchain/lower/testdata/basics/empty.carbon b/toolchain/lower/testdata/basics/empty.carbon
deleted file mode 100644
index 43686fa389ed..000000000000
--- a/toolchain/lower/testdata/basics/empty.carbon
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-// Part of the Carbon Language project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM
-// Exceptions. See /LICENSE for license information.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
-//
-// AUTOUPDATE
-// RUN: %{carbon-run-lower}
-// CHECK:STDOUT: ; ModuleID = '{{.*}}/toolchain/lower/testdata/basics/empty.carbon'
-// CHECK:STDOUT: source_filename = "{{.*}}/toolchain/lower/testdata/basics/empty.carbon"
diff --git a/toolchain/lower/BUILD b/toolchain/lowering/BUILD
similarity index 82%
rename from toolchain/lower/BUILD
rename to toolchain/lowering/BUILD
index b5ac383dcdb4..4d8a70f96d70 100644
--- a/toolchain/lower/BUILD
+++ b/toolchain/lowering/BUILD
@@ -5,9 +5,9 @@
 package(default_visibility = ["//visibility:public"])
 
 cc_library(
-    name = "lower",
-    srcs = ["lower.cpp"],
-    hdrs = ["lower.h"],
+    name = "lower_to_llvm",
+    srcs = ["lower_to_llvm.cpp"],
+    hdrs = ["lower_to_llvm.h"],
     deps = [
         "//common:check",
         "//common:ostream",
diff --git a/toolchain/lower/__init__.py b/toolchain/lowering/__init__.py
similarity index 100%
rename from toolchain/lower/__init__.py
rename to toolchain/lowering/__init__.py
diff --git a/toolchain/lower/lit_autoupdate.py b/toolchain/lowering/lit_autoupdate.py
similarity index 85%
rename from toolchain/lower/lit_autoupdate.py
rename to toolchain/lowering/lit_autoupdate.py
index 54783c07cf66..2fa0fb1cdde1 100755
--- a/toolchain/lower/lit_autoupdate.py
+++ b/toolchain/lowering/lit_autoupdate.py
@@ -22,12 +22,12 @@ def main() -> None:
     )
     args = [
         sys.argv[0],
-        # Flags to configure for lower testing.
+        # Flags to configure for lowering testing.
         "--tool=carbon",
         "--autoupdate_arg=dump",
         "--autoupdate_arg=llvm-ir",
-        "--lit_run=%{carbon-run-lower}",
-        "--testdata=toolchain/lower/testdata",
+        "--lit_run=%{carbon-run-lowering}",
+        "--testdata=toolchain/lowering/testdata",
     ] + sys.argv[1:]
     os.execv(actual_py, args)
 
diff --git a/toolchain/lower/lower.cpp b/toolchain/lowering/lower_to_llvm.cpp
similarity index 80%
rename from toolchain/lower/lower.cpp
rename to toolchain/lowering/lower_to_llvm.cpp
index 88954377fced..294140e4a84f 100644
--- a/toolchain/lower/lower.cpp
+++ b/toolchain/lowering/lower_to_llvm.cpp
@@ -2,11 +2,11 @@
 // Exceptions. See /LICENSE for license information.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
 
-#include "toolchain/lower/lower.h"
+#include "toolchain/lowering/lower_to_llvm.h"
 
 namespace Carbon {
 
-auto Lower::Make(llvm::LLVMContext& llvm_context, llvm::StringRef module_name,
+auto LowerToLLVM(llvm::LLVMContext& llvm_context, llvm::StringRef module_name,
                  const SemanticsIR& /*semantics_ir*/)
     -> std::unique_ptr<llvm::Module> {
   auto result = std::make_unique<llvm::Module>(module_name, llvm_context);
diff --git a/toolchain/lower/lower.h b/toolchain/lowering/lower_to_llvm.h
similarity index 55%
rename from toolchain/lower/lower.h
rename to toolchain/lowering/lower_to_llvm.h
index 2097e0e6bb38..1c02ff6a7c18 100644
--- a/toolchain/lower/lower.h
+++ b/toolchain/lowering/lower_to_llvm.h
@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
 // Exceptions. See /LICENSE for license information.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
 
-#ifndef CARBON_TOOLCHAIN_LOWER_LOWER_H_
-#define CARBON_TOOLCHAIN_LOWER_LOWER_H_
+#ifndef CARBON_TOOLCHAIN_LOWERING_LOWER_TO_LLVM_H_
+#define CARBON_TOOLCHAIN_LOWERING_LOWER_TO_LLVM_H_
 
 #include "common/ostream.h"
 #include "llvm/IR/LLVMContext.h"
@@ -13,13 +13,10 @@
 namespace Carbon {
 
 // Lowers Semantics IR to LLVM IR.
-class Lower {
- public:
-  static auto Make(llvm::LLVMContext& llvm_context, llvm::StringRef module_name,
-                   const SemanticsIR& semantics_ir)
-      -> std::unique_ptr<llvm::Module>;
-};
+auto LowerToLLVM(llvm::LLVMContext& llvm_context, llvm::StringRef module_name,
+                 const SemanticsIR& semantics_ir)
+    -> std::unique_ptr<llvm::Module>;
 
 }  // namespace Carbon
 
-#endif  // CARBON_TOOLCHAIN_LOWER_LOWER_H_
+#endif  // CARBON_TOOLCHAIN_LOWERING_LOWER_TO_LLVM_H_
diff --git a/toolchain/lower/testdata/BUILD b/toolchain/lowering/testdata/BUILD
similarity index 100%
rename from toolchain/lower/testdata/BUILD
rename to toolchain/lowering/testdata/BUILD
diff --git a/toolchain/lowering/testdata/basics/empty.carbon b/toolchain/lowering/testdata/basics/empty.carbon
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..aa9213f02054
--- /dev/null
+++ b/toolchain/lowering/testdata/basics/empty.carbon
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+// Part of the Carbon Language project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM
+// Exceptions. See /LICENSE for license information.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+//
+// AUTOUPDATE
+// RUN: %{carbon-run-lowering}
+// CHECK:STDOUT: ; ModuleID = '{{.*}}/toolchain/lowering/testdata/basics/empty.carbon'
+// CHECK:STDOUT: source_filename = "{{.*}}/toolchain/lowering/testdata/basics/empty.carbon"
diff --git a/toolchain/lower/testdata/lit.cfg.py b/toolchain/lowering/testdata/lit.cfg.py
similarity index 100%
rename from toolchain/lower/testdata/lit.cfg.py
rename to toolchain/lowering/testdata/lit.cfg.py