diff --git a/toolchain/check/check.cpp b/toolchain/check/check.cpp
index 17fcc5296c9c..5052b9795c8d 100644
--- a/toolchain/check/check.cpp
+++ b/toolchain/check/check.cpp
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ class SemIRLocationTranslator
       // possible.
       if (auto import_ref = cursor_ir->insts().TryGetAs<SemIR::AnyImportRef>(
               cursor_inst_id)) {
-        cursor_ir = cursor_ir->cross_ref_irs().Get(import_ref->ir_id);
+        cursor_ir = cursor_ir->import_irs().Get(import_ref->ir_id);
         cursor_inst_id = import_ref->inst_id;
         continue;
       }
diff --git a/toolchain/check/context.cpp b/toolchain/check/context.cpp
index 6a13adc4e1a7..db1fd0471fd2 100644
--- a/toolchain/check/context.cpp
+++ b/toolchain/check/context.cpp
@@ -174,20 +174,20 @@ auto Context::AddPackageImports(Parse::NodeId import_node,
 
   auto name_id = SemIR::NameId::ForIdentifier(package_id);
 
-  SemIR::CrossRefIRId first_id(cross_ref_irs().size());
+  SemIR::ImportIRId first_id(import_irs().size());
   for (const auto* sem_ir : sem_irs) {
-    cross_ref_irs().Add(sem_ir);
+    import_irs().Add(sem_ir);
   }
   if (has_load_error) {
-    cross_ref_irs().Add(nullptr);
+    import_irs().Add(nullptr);
   }
-  SemIR::CrossRefIRId last_id(cross_ref_irs().size() - 1);
+  SemIR::ImportIRId last_id(import_irs().size() - 1);
 
   auto type_id = GetBuiltinType(SemIR::BuiltinKind::NamespaceType);
   auto inst_id =
       AddInst({import_node, SemIR::Import{.type_id = type_id,
-                                          .first_cross_ref_ir_id = first_id,
-                                          .last_cross_ref_ir_id = last_id}});
+                                          .first_import_ir_id = first_id,
+                                          .last_import_ir_id = last_id}});
 
   // Add the import to lookup. Should always succeed because imports will be
   // uniquely named.
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ auto Context::ResolveIfImportRefUnused(SemIR::InstId inst_id) -> void {
   if (!unused_inst) {
     return;
   }
-  const SemIR::File& import_ir = *cross_ref_irs().Get(unused_inst->ir_id);
+  const SemIR::File& import_ir = *import_irs().Get(unused_inst->ir_id);
   auto import_inst = import_ir.insts().Get(unused_inst->inst_id);
   switch (import_inst.kind()) {
     default:
@@ -798,7 +798,7 @@ class TypeCompleter {
         << "TODO: Handle non-builtin ImportRefUsed cases, such as functions, "
            "classes, and interfaces";
 
-    const auto& import_ir = context_.cross_ref_irs().Get(import_ref.ir_id);
+    const auto& import_ir = context_.import_irs().Get(import_ref.ir_id);
     auto import_inst = import_ir->insts().Get(import_ref.inst_id);
 
     switch (import_inst.As<SemIR::Builtin>().builtin_kind) {
diff --git a/toolchain/check/context.h b/toolchain/check/context.h
index 22f274f9e60d..10df14b93dfc 100644
--- a/toolchain/check/context.h
+++ b/toolchain/check/context.h
@@ -425,8 +425,8 @@ class Context {
   auto interfaces() -> ValueStore<SemIR::InterfaceId>& {
     return sem_ir().interfaces();
   }
-  auto cross_ref_irs() -> ValueStore<SemIR::CrossRefIRId>& {
-    return sem_ir().cross_ref_irs();
+  auto import_irs() -> ValueStore<SemIR::ImportIRId>& {
+    return sem_ir().import_irs();
   }
   auto names() -> SemIR::NameStoreWrapper { return sem_ir().names(); }
   auto name_scopes() -> SemIR::NameScopeStore& {
diff --git a/toolchain/check/import.cpp b/toolchain/check/import.cpp
index 2ccebf195dc7..bdb12c6d4353 100644
--- a/toolchain/check/import.cpp
+++ b/toolchain/check/import.cpp
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ static auto CacheCopiedNamespace(
 static auto CopySingleNameScopeFromImportIR(
     Context& context,
     llvm::DenseMap<SemIR::NameScopeId, SemIR::NameScopeId>& copied_namespaces,
-    SemIR::CrossRefIRId ir_id, SemIR::InstId import_inst_id,
+    SemIR::ImportIRId ir_id, SemIR::InstId import_inst_id,
     SemIR::NameScopeId import_scope_id, SemIR::NameScopeId enclosing_scope_id,
     SemIR::NameId name_id, SemIR::TypeId namespace_type_id)
     -> SemIR::NameScopeId {
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ static auto CopySingleNameScopeFromImportIR(
 // import_enclosing_scope_id.
 static auto CopyEnclosingNameScopesFromImportIR(
     Context& context, SemIR::TypeId namespace_type_id,
-    const SemIR::File& import_sem_ir, SemIR::CrossRefIRId ir_id,
+    const SemIR::File& import_sem_ir, SemIR::ImportIRId ir_id,
     SemIR::NameScopeId import_enclosing_scope_id,
     llvm::DenseMap<SemIR::NameScopeId, SemIR::NameScopeId>& copied_namespaces)
     -> SemIR::NameScopeId {
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ static auto CopyEnclosingNameScopesFromImportIR(
 
 auto Import(Context& context, SemIR::TypeId namespace_type_id,
             const SemIR::File& import_sem_ir) -> void {
-  auto ir_id = context.cross_ref_irs().Add(&import_sem_ir);
+  auto ir_id = context.import_irs().Add(&import_sem_ir);
 
   for (const auto import_inst_id :
        import_sem_ir.inst_blocks().Get(SemIR::InstBlockId::Exports)) {
diff --git a/toolchain/check/testdata/basics/builtin_insts.carbon b/toolchain/check/testdata/basics/builtin_insts.carbon
index db1e4070d6dc..c9bce5cb8534 100644
--- a/toolchain/check/testdata/basics/builtin_insts.carbon
+++ b/toolchain/check/testdata/basics/builtin_insts.carbon
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 // CHECK:STDOUT: ---
 // CHECK:STDOUT: filename:        builtin_insts.carbon
 // CHECK:STDOUT: sem_ir:
-// CHECK:STDOUT:   cross_ref_irs_size: 1
+// CHECK:STDOUT:   import_irs_size: 1
 // CHECK:STDOUT:   name_scopes:
 // CHECK:STDOUT:     name_scope0:     {inst: inst+0, enclosing_scope: name_scope<invalid>, has_error: false, extended_scopes: [], names: {}}
 // CHECK:STDOUT:   bind_names:      {}
diff --git a/toolchain/check/testdata/basics/multifile_raw_and_textual_ir.carbon b/toolchain/check/testdata/basics/multifile_raw_and_textual_ir.carbon
index 9182dc0d34dc..7da96c76fc39 100644
--- a/toolchain/check/testdata/basics/multifile_raw_and_textual_ir.carbon
+++ b/toolchain/check/testdata/basics/multifile_raw_and_textual_ir.carbon
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ fn B() {}
 // CHECK:STDOUT: ---
 // CHECK:STDOUT: filename:        a.carbon
 // CHECK:STDOUT: sem_ir:
-// CHECK:STDOUT:   cross_ref_irs_size: 1
+// CHECK:STDOUT:   import_irs_size: 1
 // CHECK:STDOUT:   name_scopes:
 // CHECK:STDOUT:     name_scope0:     {inst: inst+0, enclosing_scope: name_scope<invalid>, has_error: false, extended_scopes: [], names: {name0: inst+1}}
 // CHECK:STDOUT:   bind_names:      {}
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ fn B() {}
 // CHECK:STDOUT: ---
 // CHECK:STDOUT: filename:        b.carbon
 // CHECK:STDOUT: sem_ir:
-// CHECK:STDOUT:   cross_ref_irs_size: 1
+// CHECK:STDOUT:   import_irs_size: 1
 // CHECK:STDOUT:   name_scopes:
 // CHECK:STDOUT:     name_scope0:     {inst: inst+0, enclosing_scope: name_scope<invalid>, has_error: false, extended_scopes: [], names: {name0: inst+1}}
 // CHECK:STDOUT:   bind_names:      {}
diff --git a/toolchain/check/testdata/basics/multifile_raw_ir.carbon b/toolchain/check/testdata/basics/multifile_raw_ir.carbon
index faf46e7c6299..416186dff6dc 100644
--- a/toolchain/check/testdata/basics/multifile_raw_ir.carbon
+++ b/toolchain/check/testdata/basics/multifile_raw_ir.carbon
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ fn B() {}
 // CHECK:STDOUT: ---
 // CHECK:STDOUT: filename:        a.carbon
 // CHECK:STDOUT: sem_ir:
-// CHECK:STDOUT:   cross_ref_irs_size: 1
+// CHECK:STDOUT:   import_irs_size: 1
 // CHECK:STDOUT:   name_scopes:
 // CHECK:STDOUT:     name_scope0:     {inst: inst+0, enclosing_scope: name_scope<invalid>, has_error: false, extended_scopes: [], names: {name0: inst+1}}
 // CHECK:STDOUT:   bind_names:      {}
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ fn B() {}
 // CHECK:STDOUT: ---
 // CHECK:STDOUT: filename:        b.carbon
 // CHECK:STDOUT: sem_ir:
-// CHECK:STDOUT:   cross_ref_irs_size: 1
+// CHECK:STDOUT:   import_irs_size: 1
 // CHECK:STDOUT:   name_scopes:
 // CHECK:STDOUT:     name_scope0:     {inst: inst+0, enclosing_scope: name_scope<invalid>, has_error: false, extended_scopes: [], names: {name0: inst+1}}
 // CHECK:STDOUT:   bind_names:      {}
diff --git a/toolchain/check/testdata/basics/raw_and_textual_ir.carbon b/toolchain/check/testdata/basics/raw_and_textual_ir.carbon
index a0784c214c73..05fac1098a85 100644
--- a/toolchain/check/testdata/basics/raw_and_textual_ir.carbon
+++ b/toolchain/check/testdata/basics/raw_and_textual_ir.carbon
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ fn Foo(n: i32) -> (i32, i32, f64) {
 // CHECK:STDOUT: ---
 // CHECK:STDOUT: filename:        raw_and_textual_ir.carbon
 // CHECK:STDOUT: sem_ir:
-// CHECK:STDOUT:   cross_ref_irs_size: 1
+// CHECK:STDOUT:   import_irs_size: 1
 // CHECK:STDOUT:   name_scopes:
 // CHECK:STDOUT:     name_scope0:     {inst: inst+0, enclosing_scope: name_scope<invalid>, has_error: false, extended_scopes: [], names: {name0: inst+9}}
 // CHECK:STDOUT:   bind_names:
diff --git a/toolchain/check/testdata/basics/raw_ir.carbon b/toolchain/check/testdata/basics/raw_ir.carbon
index 0450e128e167..c620d12b3982 100644
--- a/toolchain/check/testdata/basics/raw_ir.carbon
+++ b/toolchain/check/testdata/basics/raw_ir.carbon
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ fn Foo(n: i32) -> (i32, i32, f64) {
 // CHECK:STDOUT: ---
 // CHECK:STDOUT: filename:        raw_ir.carbon
 // CHECK:STDOUT: sem_ir:
-// CHECK:STDOUT:   cross_ref_irs_size: 1
+// CHECK:STDOUT:   import_irs_size: 1
 // CHECK:STDOUT:   name_scopes:
 // CHECK:STDOUT:     name_scope0:     {inst: inst+0, enclosing_scope: name_scope<invalid>, has_error: false, extended_scopes: [], names: {name0: inst+9}}
 // CHECK:STDOUT:   bind_names:
diff --git a/toolchain/sem_ir/file.cpp b/toolchain/sem_ir/file.cpp
index 01e143178fb9..2d73eaa929b0 100644
--- a/toolchain/sem_ir/file.cpp
+++ b/toolchain/sem_ir/file.cpp
@@ -66,8 +66,8 @@ File::File(SharedValueStores& value_stores)
       type_blocks_(allocator_),
       inst_blocks_(allocator_),
       constants_(*this, allocator_) {
-  auto builtins_id = cross_ref_irs_.Add(this);
-  CARBON_CHECK(builtins_id == CrossRefIRId::Builtins)
+  auto builtins_id = import_irs_.Add(this);
+  CARBON_CHECK(builtins_id == ImportIRId::Builtins)
       << "Builtins must be the first IR, even if self-referential";
 
   insts_.Reserve(BuiltinKind::ValidCount);
@@ -100,19 +100,19 @@ File::File(SharedValueStores& value_stores, std::string filename,
       inst_blocks_(allocator_),
       constants_(*this, allocator_) {
   CARBON_CHECK(builtins != nullptr);
-  auto builtins_id = cross_ref_irs_.Add(builtins);
-  CARBON_CHECK(builtins_id == CrossRefIRId::Builtins)
+  auto builtins_id = import_irs_.Add(builtins);
+  CARBON_CHECK(builtins_id == ImportIRId::Builtins)
       << "Builtins must be the first IR";
 
   // Copy builtins over.
   insts_.Reserve(BuiltinKind::ValidCount);
-  static constexpr auto BuiltinIR = CrossRefIRId(0);
   for (auto [i, inst] : llvm::enumerate(builtins->insts_.array_ref())) {
     // We can reuse the type IDs from the builtins IR because they're
     // special-cased values.
     auto type_id = inst.type_id();
     auto builtin_id = SemIR::InstId(i);
-    insts_.AddInNoBlock({ImportRefUsed{type_id, BuiltinIR, builtin_id}});
+    insts_.AddInNoBlock(
+        {ImportRefUsed{type_id, ImportIRId::Builtins, builtin_id}});
     constant_values_.Set(builtin_id,
                          SemIR::ConstantId::ForTemplateConstant(builtin_id));
   }
@@ -161,8 +161,7 @@ auto File::OutputYaml(bool include_builtins) const -> Yaml::OutputMapping {
     map.Add("filename", filename_);
     map.Add(
         "sem_ir", Yaml::OutputMapping([&](Yaml::OutputMapping::Map map) {
-          map.Add("cross_ref_irs_size",
-                  Yaml::OutputScalar(cross_ref_irs_.size()));
+          map.Add("import_irs_size", Yaml::OutputScalar(import_irs_.size()));
           map.Add("name_scopes", name_scopes_.OutputYaml());
           map.Add("bind_names", bind_names_.OutputYaml());
           map.Add("functions", functions_.OutputYaml());
@@ -509,7 +508,7 @@ auto GetExprCategory(const File& file, InstId inst_id) -> ExprCategory {
 
       case ImportRefUsed::Kind: {
         auto import_ref = inst.As<ImportRefUsed>();
-        ir = ir->cross_ref_irs().Get(import_ref.ir_id);
+        ir = ir->import_irs().Get(import_ref.ir_id);
         inst_id = import_ref.inst_id;
         continue;
       }
diff --git a/toolchain/sem_ir/file.h b/toolchain/sem_ir/file.h
index efb7ab17c5ea..3f2f6686318a 100644
--- a/toolchain/sem_ir/file.h
+++ b/toolchain/sem_ir/file.h
@@ -270,9 +270,9 @@ class File : public Printable<File> {
   auto interfaces() const -> const ValueStore<InterfaceId>& {
     return interfaces_;
   }
-  auto cross_ref_irs() -> ValueStore<CrossRefIRId>& { return cross_ref_irs_; }
-  auto cross_ref_irs() const -> const ValueStore<CrossRefIRId>& {
-    return cross_ref_irs_;
+  auto import_irs() -> ValueStore<ImportIRId>& { return import_irs_; }
+  auto import_irs() const -> const ValueStore<ImportIRId>& {
+    return import_irs_;
   }
   auto names() const -> NameStoreWrapper {
     return NameStoreWrapper(&identifiers());
@@ -339,10 +339,9 @@ class File : public Printable<File> {
   // Storage for interfaces.
   ValueStore<InterfaceId> interfaces_;
 
-  // Related IRs. There will always be at least 2 entries, the builtin IR (used
-  // for references of builtins) followed by the current IR (used for references
-  // crossing instruction blocks).
-  ValueStore<CrossRefIRId> cross_ref_irs_;
+  // Related IRs. There will always be at least one entry, the builtin IR (used
+  // for references of builtins).
+  ValueStore<ImportIRId> import_irs_;
 
   // Storage for name scopes.
   NameScopeStore name_scopes_;
diff --git a/toolchain/sem_ir/formatter.cpp b/toolchain/sem_ir/formatter.cpp
index 5a53fb18d29d..14cd176c44de 100644
--- a/toolchain/sem_ir/formatter.cpp
+++ b/toolchain/sem_ir/formatter.cpp
@@ -1005,7 +1005,7 @@ class Formatter {
 
   auto FormatArg(InterfaceId id) -> void { FormatInterfaceName(id); }
 
-  auto FormatArg(CrossRefIRId id) -> void { out_ << id; }
+  auto FormatArg(ImportIRId id) -> void { out_ << id; }
 
   auto FormatArg(IntId id) -> void {
     sem_ir_.ints().Get(id).print(out_, /*isSigned=*/false);
diff --git a/toolchain/sem_ir/ids.h b/toolchain/sem_ir/ids.h
index 077fc6012541..c1c462d707ab 100644
--- a/toolchain/sem_ir/ids.h
+++ b/toolchain/sem_ir/ids.h
@@ -204,11 +204,11 @@ struct InterfaceId : public IdBase, public Printable<InterfaceId> {
 constexpr InterfaceId InterfaceId::Invalid =
     InterfaceId(InterfaceId::InvalidIndex);
 
-// The ID of a cross-referenced IR.
-struct CrossRefIRId : public IdBase, public Printable<CrossRefIRId> {
+// The ID of an imported IR.
+struct ImportIRId : public IdBase, public Printable<ImportIRId> {
   using ValueType = const File*;
 
-  static const CrossRefIRId Builtins;
+  static const ImportIRId Builtins;
   using IdBase::IdBase;
   auto Print(llvm::raw_ostream& out) const -> void {
     out << "ir";
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ struct CrossRefIRId : public IdBase, public Printable<CrossRefIRId> {
   }
 };
 
-constexpr CrossRefIRId CrossRefIRId::Builtins = CrossRefIRId(0);
+constexpr ImportIRId ImportIRId::Builtins = ImportIRId(0);
 
 // A boolean value.
 struct BoolValue : public IdBase, public Printable<BoolValue> {
diff --git a/toolchain/sem_ir/typed_insts.h b/toolchain/sem_ir/typed_insts.h
index 958f0e5fdb1d..dfec41fc2aa1 100644
--- a/toolchain/sem_ir/typed_insts.h
+++ b/toolchain/sem_ir/typed_insts.h
@@ -391,16 +391,16 @@ struct FunctionDecl {
 };
 
 // An import corresponds to some number of IRs. The range of imported IRs is
-// inclusive of last_cross_ref_ir_id, and will always be non-empty. If
-// there was an import error, first_cross_ref_ir_id will reference a
+// inclusive of last_import_ir_id, and will always be non-empty. If
+// there was an import error, first_import_ir_id will reference a
 // nullptr IR; there should only ever be one nullptr in the range.
 struct Import {
   // TODO: Should always be an ImportDirectiveId?
   static constexpr auto Kind = InstKind::Import.Define<Parse::NodeId>("import");
 
   TypeId type_id;
-  CrossRefIRId first_cross_ref_ir_id;
-  CrossRefIRId last_cross_ref_ir_id;
+  ImportIRId first_import_ir_id;
+  ImportIRId last_import_ir_id;
 };
 
 // Common representation for all kinds of `ImportRef*` node.
@@ -409,7 +409,7 @@ struct AnyImportRef {
                                        InstKind::ImportRefUsed};
 
   InstKind kind;
-  CrossRefIRId ir_id;
+  ImportIRId ir_id;
   InstId inst_id;
 };
 
@@ -421,7 +421,7 @@ struct ImportRefUnused {
   static constexpr auto Kind =
       InstKind::ImportRefUnused.Define<Parse::InvalidNodeId>("import_ref");
 
-  CrossRefIRId ir_id;
+  ImportIRId ir_id;
   InstId inst_id;
 };
 
@@ -432,7 +432,7 @@ struct ImportRefUsed {
       InstKind::ImportRefUsed.Define<Parse::InvalidNodeId>("import_ref");
 
   TypeId type_id;
-  CrossRefIRId ir_id;
+  ImportIRId ir_id;
   InstId inst_id;
 };
 
diff --git a/toolchain/sem_ir/yaml_test.cpp b/toolchain/sem_ir/yaml_test.cpp
index be0efea8844b..8581f11dd3ef 100644
--- a/toolchain/sem_ir/yaml_test.cpp
+++ b/toolchain/sem_ir/yaml_test.cpp
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ TEST(SemIRTest, YAML) {
                                          Pair("value_rep", Yaml::Mapping(_)))));
 
   auto file = Yaml::Mapping(ElementsAre(
-      Pair("cross_ref_irs_size", "1"),
+      Pair("import_irs_size", "1"),
       Pair("name_scopes", Yaml::Mapping(SizeIs(1))),
       Pair("bind_names", Yaml::Mapping(SizeIs(1))),
       Pair("functions", Yaml::Mapping(SizeIs(1))),