Add ubuntu:22.04 docker images (#1618)

Ubuntu 22.04 base image and examples using github, a copy instruction and volumes.

I was using this to run examples on a windows machine since it is more comfortable than switching OS or using the WSL subsystem directly.
If this is something that other people would like to have  I can add other versions of ubuntu and other linux distributions.

docker/ubuntu2204/github/Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+# Part of the Carbon Language project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM
+# Exceptions. See /LICENSE for license information.
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+
+FROM carbon-ubuntu2204-base as carbon-ubuntu2204-github-build
+
+# Clone git repository
+RUN git clone https://github.com/carbon-language/carbon-lang
+
+WORKDIR /carbon-lang
+
+# Setup pre-commit
+RUN pre-commit install
+
+# Build
+RUN bazel build //explorer
+
+FROM carbon-ubuntu2204-github-build
+
+CMD ["bazel", "run", "//explorer", "--", "./explorer/testdata/print/format_only.carbon"]